Trojan Horse method and radioactive ion beams:

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Trojan Horse method and radioactive ion beams:

study of 18F(p,a)15O reaction at astrophysical energies

Nucleus-Nucleus 2012San Antonio (TX)

MARISA GULINO

INFN,LNS, CATANIA, ITALY

UNIVERSITÀ DI ENNA “KORE”, ENNA, ITALY

18F+p 15O + @ CRIB

Astrophysical motivations

Gamma-ray emission of energy 511 keV from novae is dominated by the positron annihilation following the b+ decay of unstable nuclei

18F is especially important because It is produced relatively abundantly

Its lifetime of 158 min is well matched ∼to the timescale for nova ejecta to become transparent to g-ray emission

IT IS IMPORTANT TO STUDY THE REACTIONS PRODUCING AND DESTROYING 1 8F

as 1 8F(p,)1 5O

The 18F(p,)15O reaction influence the 15O production considered as a key isotope for the escape from the hot- CNO cycle to the rp-process

AXb+

(p,g)

(p,)

18F


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18F(p,)15OAstrophysical factor is dominated by several resonances in 19Ne


Astrophysical motivations

A. Coc, M. Hernanz, J. José, and J.-P. Thibaud Astron. Astrophys. 357, 561–571 (2000)

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State of Art

ARGONNE

LLN

ORNL

TRIUMF GANIL- SPIRALRIKEN – CRIB

TAMU

Most recent references:

D. J. Mountford et al PHYSICAL REVIEW C 85, 022801(R) (2012) “Resonances in 19Ne with relevance to the astrophysically important 18F( p,α)15O reaction.”

A. S. Adekola et al. PHYSICAL REVIEW C 83, 052801(R) (2011) “First proton-transfer study of 18F + p resonances relevant for novae”

C. E. Beer et al. PHYSICAL REVIEW C 83, 042801(R) (2011) “Direct measurement of the 18F( p,α)15O reaction at nova temperatures”

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5Nucleus-Nucleus 2012San Antonio (TX)

State of Art

C. E. Beer et al. PHYSICAL REVIEW C 83, 042801(R) (2011)

D. J. Mountford et al PHYSICAL REVIEW C 85, 022801(R) (2012)

DIRECT EXPERIMENT

DIRECT EXPERIMENT

A. S. Adekola et al. PHYSICAL REVIEW C 83, 052801(R) (2011)

TRANSFER REACTION

New measurement @ CRIB by using the Trojan Horse Method

d

p

n

18F

15O

Trojan Horse

nucleus

EBA > ECEC

xS xx

x

S A= nuclear

field

EBA= A-B relative energyEC= A-B Coulomb Barrier

BC

DEBx= ECD – Q2Body

(pcp)

A (x+s) + B C + D + S B + x C + D

18F + d 15O + + n

18F + p 15O +


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Reazione a tre corpi Decadimento virtuale

Reazione Virtuale (Half off - Shell)(processo astrofisico)

A

B

S

C

D

x =A

x

S x

B

C

D

IMPLEMENTAZIONE DELL’I DEA…

Assumendo che il contributo QF sia dominante si può rappresentare ilprocesso con un diagramma di Feynman del tipo:

(EBx= ECD- Q2body)misurata

ad alta energia

d3σdΩC dΩD dEC

KF· |Φ (Ps)|2

Calcolatae.g.

Montecarlo

dσNdΩ

Dedotta

= x

In PWIA:

TURNING THE IDEA INTO PRACTICEAssuming the QF mechanism is dominant the process can be represented in Feynman diagrams

Three body reaction Virtual decay Virtual reaction Half off-shell

(astrophysical process)

Measured

at high energy

Calculated DeducedNeed direct data for

normalization

✚

α

CRIB set-up

BEAM PRODUCTION

18O+8 @ 4.5-5 MeV/Afrom AVF cyclotron

gas target2H

Wien filter

Dou

ble-

achr

omati

c m

agne

tic s

epar

ator

18O(p,n)18F

Scattering chamber


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Test fascioYear BTU type Prod.Target

typePeak

intensity

2006 Beam dev Room temp. ~105

2007 Thick target experiment Liquid N cooled 5x105

2008 Trojan Horse experiment Liquid N cooled > 106

Primary beam: 18O 8+, 4.5-5 MeVA

Production target: H2

Production reaction: 18O(p,n)18F

18F beam development

BEAM PURITY > 98%Ebeam = 48.7 MeV

s = 0.8 MeVNucleus-Nucleus 2012

San Antonio (TX)

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188 mg/cm2

PPAC MCP CD2 2

TARGET

DPSSDarray

Front view of DPSSD array

DSSSD

0.5 m 15 cm

28.7 cm

Safety disk

Beam @PPAC2.4 106 pps48.7 + 0.8 MeV

0.107 m

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP(other than CRIB.....)

ASTRHO:Array of Silicons for TRojan HOrse


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BEAM TRACKER

PPACtarget

MCP

Beam track reconstruction event by event

z

x

mm mm mm

mm mm

mm

y

q1

q2

DPSSD

DSSiSD


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CUTS:

• Event multiplicity = 2

•

• E1 > 20 MeV

T2 - T1 0

Q-VALUE SPECTRUM18F+d 15N++p q = 4.194 MeV

18F+d 18O+p+p q = 0.213 MeV 18F+d 18F+p+n q = -2.225 MeV

1 + 2 + 3


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18F+d 15O++n q = 0.658 MeV

EVENT SELECTION

Red : 18F + d 15N + + pBlack: 18F + d 15O + + nBlue: 18F + d 18F + p + n Green: 18F + d 18O + p + p “1”+“2”+“3”


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• Correlation E13 - E12

• Correlation E1 - q1

Q-VALUE SPECTRUM

CUTS:

• Event multiplicity = 2

•

• E1 > 20 MeV

T2 - T1 0

GOOD AGREEMENT with q-value expected position (0.658 MeV) and beam profile (exp. Sigma 0.8 MeV)


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HINTS FOR QF MECHANISMIf the quasi-free mechanism is predominant

d3sd 15O

ddE

KF ps 2dsd

N

Hulten function

Minumum of ps


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BARE NUCLEUS CROSS SECTION

38 keV

PRELIMINARY


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First TH exp. with RIB

BARE

NUCL

EUS

NU

CLEA

R CRO

SS SE

CTIO

N

THM was successfully applied to radioactive ion beam induced reaction

the beam is tracked event by event and the kinematical variables were consequently reconstructed

the preliminary results showed the possibility to study the cross section of the 18F(p,)15O reaction and extract complementary information on S(E) factor (work in progress)

To do: Increase statistics and confirm the results with a second experimental run

Explore the possibility to measure the 18F(n,)15N reaction

Conclusions and Perspective


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S. Cherubini, M. Gulino, M. La Cognata, L. Lamia, G. G. Rapisarda, C. Spitaleri, S. Kubono, H. Yamaguchi, S. Hayakawa, Y. Wakabayashi,‡, N. Iwasa§, S. Kato ¶, H. Komatsubara k, T. Teranishi ††,A. Coc‡‡, N. De Séréville§§ and F. Hammache§§

Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia, Università di Catania and INFN-LNS, Catania, Italy†INFN-LNS, Catania, Italy and UniKORE, Enna, ItalyCenter for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, Japan‡Present address KEK, Japan§Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan¶Department of Physics, Yamagata University, Yamagata, JapankDepartment of Physics, Tsukuba University, Tsukuba, Japan††Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan‡‡Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France§§Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France


THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !

THANK YOU TO ALL THE COLLABORATION !

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BARE NUCLEUS CROSS SECTION


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Trojan Horse for Resonance Reactions

HALF OFF-SHELL ON-SHELL

PENETRABILITY

Indipendent from spectroscopic factor value

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BEAM position on PPAC and MCP

DREB 2012 - Direct Reactions with Exotic Beams

http://agenda.infn.it/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=3627

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CUTS

DREB 2012 - Direct Reactions with Exotic Beams

http://agenda.infn.it/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=3627

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State of ArtMany experiments performed using 18F beam @ ARGONNE - ATLAS

LLNORNLTRIUMFGANIL- SPIRALRIKEN – CRIBTAMUDirect measurements thick target method

Indirect measurement (d,p) (d,n) stripping reaction

Most recent references:

D. J. Mountford et al PHYSICAL REVIEW C 85, 022801(R) (2012) “Resonances in 19Ne with relevance to the astrophysically important 18F( p,α)15O reaction.”

A. S. Adekola et al. PHYSICAL REVIEW C 83, 052801(R) (2011) “First proton-transfer study of 18F + p resonances relevant for novae”

C. E. Beer et al. PHYSICAL REVIEW C 83, 042801(R) (2011) “Direct measurement of the 18F( p,α)15O reaction at nova temperatures”


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Summary

Astrophysical motivations & State of Art

Indirect measurement by Trojan Horse Method

Experimental set-up new apparatus for RIB application

Data Analysis and preliminary results


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“Plus” of the TH methods1) Typical QF process cross sections (mbarn/sr) though

measuring astrophysical ones2) The TH cross sections is the purely NUCLEAR one: no Coulomb

barrier effects3) No electron screening effects: an INDEPENDENT piece of

information can be obtained on the electron screening potential Ue by comparison to direct data

4) Can be extended to use QFR for studying NEUTRON induced reactions (VNM Virtual Neutron Method)

“Minus” of the TH methods

1) Competition between QF and other reaction mechanisms: identification of the convenient kinematical conditions may need more than one experiment run

2) Some dependence on theoretical models3) Need of direct data at higher energies for normalization S. Cherubini et al., ApJ

457 (1996) 855

Trojan Horse method and radioactive ion beams:

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