Trespass
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Transcript of Trespass
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TRESPASSMonday 1 August 2011
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3 categories of Trespass Trespass to the person Trespass to land Trespass to goods (things)
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Trespass to the person Protects an individual’s right to freedom
and safety
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3 main categories of Trespass to the Person
Assault Battery False imprisonment
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Assault Assault can result in both criminal and
civil actions The tort of assault carries a slightly
different meaning to the crime of assault The tort of assault is ‘placing a person in
a position where the person reasonably believes that they are in immediate physical danger’
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Examples of Assault To threaten someone with a knife To throw a punch that misses Unwanted kissing or cuddling Pointing a toy gun and threatening to
use it if the victim thinks the gun is real
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Elements 1. Defendant posed a direct threat to the
plaintiff 2. Plaintiff had a reasonable fear of harm
due to the threat 3. Plaintiff had knowledge of the threat
made by the defendant
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Battery Battery is “the actual application of
physical harm without consent” It is often combined with assault In criminal law, there is no separation of
the threat of physical harm and the actual carrying out of the threat
In civil law, we separate the threat or fear of immediate physical danger (‘assault’) and the act of carrying out the threat (‘battery’)
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Elements 1. Defendant made direct contact with
the plaintiff’s body 2. Defendant intended to make contact 3. Defendant acted voluntarily
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Defences to assault and battery Incapacity Self-defence Necessity Consent Other (accident, etc)
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False Imprisonment False imprisonment is to illegally detain
someone
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Examples Being locked up Being marooned in a way that is difficult
or dangerous to escape Excludes lawful arrest or detention by
police
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Examples of Trespass to Land 1. Entering another person’s land
without permission 2. Staying there longer than permitted 3. Putting something on or against the
land of another person
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NUISANCE
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Definition Nuisance is the “violation of the right of
a person to reasonable convenience and comfort in life.”
2 types of nuisance: 1. Public nuisance 2. Private nuisance
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Public Nuisance Dealt with under criminal law as well Includes situations that pose a danger to
the public
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Private Nuisance The interference with our right to enjoy
our land
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Elements 1. Defendant’s action is a physical
interference with the plaintiff’s enjoyment of land
2. Plaintiff suffers actual loss or harm 3. Defendant’s action is continuous and
reasonably serious
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Defences Interference is not serious Plaintiff is extremely sensitive
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Round 1 Name the elements of assault
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Round 2 Name the elements of battery
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Round 3 Name the defences to assault and
battery
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Round 4 Name the elements of private nuisance
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Round 5 Name the elements of negligence