Capacity Development Program in

Environment Management (CDEM) Module 4: Integrated Solid Waste

Management

10th February 2017

K.J.Somaiya College, Mumbai

Trends in Solid Waste Management

Asha Panwar

PhD student, IIT Bombay

Environment Engineering and Management

Worked with Eco-restoration Division at NEERI, Nagpur

Doctoral Thesis

“Life Cycle Thinking for Waste-to Resource Management in India”

2

Trends

Circular Economy

Life Cycle Thinking

Zero Waste City

Inclusion of Informal Waste Workers

Participation of Private Sector

Participation of Community

Innovative Economic Instruments 3

Circular Economy

4

Resource Decoupling

Resource Productivity

Kg/ton per increment in GDP

Material Flow Accounting

Total Material Requirement (TMR): Imports + Domestic Extraction

Domestic Material Consumption (DMC)

Secondary Materials

Recycling Rates (%)

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Reference: Eurostat, Department of Environment Japan

Emission Decoupling

Air Emissions

GHG, Ozone Depleting Substances, PM

Solid and Liquid Waste

Chemical Release

Fertilizers, Pesticides,…..

Land Degradation

6

Reference: UN Statistics Division

Circular Economy

Conceptual Guidance

Economy-wide at National Level

Cross-sectoral

Policy

Institutions

Technology

Finances 7

Circular Economy Promotion Law China

wef Year 2009

Resource Efficiency, Environment Protection and Improvement

Reduction, Reuse, Recycling in Production, Circulation, Consumption

Department for Circular Economy Development

State Council

County Level

Linkages with Environment Protection Department and others 8

Circular Economy Law in China

Inclusion of development of CE in National Economic and Social

Development Plans, Public Finance Department,…

CE evaluation indicator system, CE Statistics

Product category subjected to compulsory recycling, Producers

Responsibility, Eco-labels, Standards for Secondary Materials, ……

Catalogue of encouraged, restricted and eliminated techniques,

equipment, materials and products,………..

Waste Trading Markets, Sorting-Dismantling Centers, Incentives,………

9

Indian Resource Panel

wef Year 2015,

Housed in MoEFCC

Advisory to Government of India

Engagement with local businesses, civil society, national and international

organizations

Construction Sector and Automobile Sector

10

Reference: GIZ

Zero Waste

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Zero Waste City

Zero Disposal

Zero Bin

Recycle: Residence Time of Waste

Zero Waste Industry, Zero Waste Community

12

Reference: Zero Waste Associations, Ahmedabad Zero Waste Vision + Roadmap

Biomass Towns in Japan

Supported by Ministry of Agriculture, Forest and Fisheries

Biomass utilization for compost, fuel, energy,…

Replication in East Asian Countries

Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia,……

13

Reference: Zero Waste Associations, Ahmedabad Zero Waste Vision + Roadmap

Life Cycle Thinking

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Life Cycle Thinking

Challenges selection of system boundaries based on techno-economic

criteria

Boundaries that corresponds to Social and Environmental Impacts

Shifting of Burdens

Life Cycle Assessment

Design for Environment, Ecolables, Product Declarations,….

Waste Hierarchy 15

Life Cycle Thinking

Key criteria

SCP and CE

Zero Waste and 3R

European Waste Directive

Software, Decision Support System

16 Reference: Life Cycle Initiative, J-LCA

Innovative Economic Instruments

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Market based Instruments

Waste Levy

Deposit Refund

Taxes

Subsidies

Tradable Permits

Municipal Bonds, ………

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Market based Instruments

Waste Levy

Deposit Refund

Taxes

Subsidies

Green Bonds

IFIs, Carbon Emission Trading, ………

19

Deposit Refund Scheme in Korea

Glass bottles used for beer, soft drinks

Refillable

Consumer pays additional 2c-26c depending on the size of container

Refunds at the time of giving back the container to designated

collection stations

5.5 billion bottles sold annually, 95% recovered, 85% reused

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Tax Exemptions in Malaysia

Waste Eco Parks

Income tax exemption of 70% on statutory income

Rental of buildings located in WEP

100% exemption on income for 5-year

Operating in WEP

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Inclusion of Informal Sector

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PRISM Project Nepal

Project Duration June 11-May14

Budget: 1.64 Million USD (by EU’s Investing in People Program)

CIUD, SWMRMC, NRRGEA (Nepal) + UN-Habitat

4000 IWWs (35% women) in 5 Municipalities

Training on Value Addition, Basic PPEs, Social Protection Schemes

Formal recognition of 2000 IWWs by Municipalities

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Reference: Chintan, SMS, GIZ Study

Private Sector Participation

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Promoting Entrepreneurship

Government of Rajasthan Waste Management Startup Policy

Support in ideation, pilot and execution stages

ADB + Idea Space: Startup Café in Philippines

5 day event

Exhibits, panel debates, tech talks, workshops

Investors , policy makers, researchers

ABD- $6billion annual climate financing target

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Community Participation

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Advance Locality Management Mumbai

Voluntary Citizen Committees registered with ward office

Partners with MCGM

Committee (~658)

Create Awareness

Prevent Public Nuisance

Organize Waste Pickers

Processing of Dry Waste 27

Advance Locality Management Mumbai

MCGM

Regular Meetings and Consultations

Provide technical know-how on waste processing

Incentives and Awards

Acknowledged by WB, UNEP,….

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Discussion

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