Transport: Passive and Active. Structure of Cell membranes Fluid not rigid Selectively permeable...
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Transcript of Transport: Passive and Active. Structure of Cell membranes Fluid not rigid Selectively permeable...
![Page 1: Transport: Passive and Active. Structure of Cell membranes Fluid not rigid Selectively permeable Made of a phospholipid bilayer Embedded with proteins.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649f425503460f94c6131d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Transport: Passive and Active
![Page 2: Transport: Passive and Active. Structure of Cell membranes Fluid not rigid Selectively permeable Made of a phospholipid bilayer Embedded with proteins.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649f425503460f94c6131d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Structure of Cell membranes• Fluid not rigid• Selectively permeable• Made of a phospholipid bilayer• Embedded with proteins (4 kinds)
-cell surface markers-receptor proteins-enzymes- transport protein
![Page 3: Transport: Passive and Active. Structure of Cell membranes Fluid not rigid Selectively permeable Made of a phospholipid bilayer Embedded with proteins.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649f425503460f94c6131d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Cell Membrane
![Page 4: Transport: Passive and Active. Structure of Cell membranes Fluid not rigid Selectively permeable Made of a phospholipid bilayer Embedded with proteins.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649f425503460f94c6131d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Passive Transport
• Movement of substances from one side of the membrane to another WITHOUT the use of ENERGY
• Ex. Diffusion• Facilitated diffusion • osmosis
![Page 5: Transport: Passive and Active. Structure of Cell membranes Fluid not rigid Selectively permeable Made of a phospholipid bilayer Embedded with proteins.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649f425503460f94c6131d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Diffusion• Process where particles move from an area of
high concentration to an area of lower concentration– Ex. Food coloring in water– Sugar in coffee– Spraying perfume
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Facilitated Diffusion
• Membrane is a phospholipid bilayer. Substances that are non-polar tent to pass through easier than polar or large molecules…they need help.
• Proteins in cell membrane act as carriers and channels, helping (facilitating) molecules pass through.
• Ex. Glucose, Cl-
![Page 7: Transport: Passive and Active. Structure of Cell membranes Fluid not rigid Selectively permeable Made of a phospholipid bilayer Embedded with proteins.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649f425503460f94c6131d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Osmosis
• Aquaporins – channel proteins that allow water to pass through membrane
• Osmosis – diffusion of WATER through a selectively permeable membrane
• Movement of water will occur until equilibrium is reached.
![Page 8: Transport: Passive and Active. Structure of Cell membranes Fluid not rigid Selectively permeable Made of a phospholipid bilayer Embedded with proteins.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032702/56649f425503460f94c6131d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Effects of Osmosis in cells
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Active transport
• Moving a substance against its concentration gradient, from a low to high concentration
• Requires energy via ATP
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Sodium – Potassium Pump
• 3 Na+ ions out of the cell, 2 K+ ions in the cell
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Vesicles• Used by substances too large to use carrier
proteins (ex. Proteins, polysaccharides)• Endocytosis – movement of substances into
cell by vesicle
• Pinocytosis• phagocytosis
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Vesicles• Exocytosis – out of cell by vesicle (ex. proteins
packaged by golgi body!!)