Translation into film: Is Cinema a language?

Translation into film:Is Cinema a language?

The structuralist definition states that a language has 2 levels of articulation.

1: Articulation of Smallest Functional Units

2: Articulation of Smallest Meaningful Units

t,p, b allow for the articulation of different signs such as tin

go, come, take allow for the articulation of sentences such as

pinbin

we gowe comewe take


Is there such a system of double articulation in film that uses 2 types of unitsto produce a third one?

Units without meaningscombined to form

Units with meaningscombined to form

Syntactic units oflanguage

GraphemesPhonemes Words Sentences


No


Yes

Something else

Gustave GuillaumePsychomechanichs of language

andChronogenesis

“Language is a dynamic system of thoughts. Not a fixed system of signs.”

“Langue” or LanguageLangue refers to the system of signs used to communicate. The approach is grammatical.

“Parole” or DiscourseParole refers to utterances produced

by the use of Langue. The approach is pragmatic.


andChronogenesis

Language DiscourseLinguisticsGrammarGenerative GrammarPsychologyRhetoricStructuralism


1 Unsayable 2 Sayable 3 Saying 4 Said

Operative Time

Operative Time

LangueLanguage

ParoleDiscourse




Operative Time

LangueLanguage

ParoleDiscourse

What is Unsayable? And how does the Unsayable becomes Sayable?



Operative Time

LangueLanguage

ParoleDiscourse

Simple percepts in stage 1 are transformed into concepts in stage 2



Operative Time

LangueLanguage

ParoleDiscourse

Proper translation has to retrieve the intended message in stage 1



Operative Time

LangueLanguage

ParoleDiscourse

From a permanent system of signs to the actualization



Operative Time

LangueLanguage

ParoleDiscourse

From Representation to Expression



Operative Time

LangueLanguage

ParoleDiscourse

From Expression to Impression


Gustave GuillaumeChronogenesis

Representing actions with words

The traditional scientific aporia of the many presents

The present of the action

The presentof the witness

The presentof the utterance

The presentof the reception








Sometimes, the performer, the witness, the receiver are present together








Most of the times, this is not the case!








This is also possible!



The traditional scientific aporia of the many presentshas its origin in this representation of time

Where several Nows separate the line of TimeInto several different Pasts and Futures.

Past Future

Past Future


Instead of analyzing the representation of actions on the sole basis of a pre-determinedrepresentation of Time, Guillaume proposes that the representation of actions with words contributes to the representation of Time…


The formation of the image of time or chronogenesis is observable as a thought process in the activity of the producer of the message.

in Posse in Fieriin Esse


The action described by the verb is seen as a tension towards its achievement.The meaning of an occurrence is determined by its position in this process.


Possible Probable Actual


The verb does not only point to the identification of the instant of the action(now) but also to the stage of development in the process of accomplishing the action


Possible Probable Actual


We identify this capacity of the verb as its plasticity.Something very important when coming to translate words into images…


To goI will go

I am goingI will be going

I wentI will have gone

Je me suis couché de bonne heure

Translation into film: Is Cinema a language?

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