No Skills/ Motivation Entitlement Ignorance Lack Ability Apathy.
Total Ability: Four Skills of Language Communication
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Total Ability: Four Skills of Language
Communication
Troy Witt 19th April 2011
Zvolen
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How will the seminar be structured?
• Part A – Theory: An Integration of Skills (20 mins)
• Part B – Methodology: Practice and Assessment of the Four Skills (120 mins)
• Part C – Conclusion: Materials, Summary and Main Points (10 mins)
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Part A – Theory: An Integration of Skills
This part of the seminar will…• demonstrate that all 4 language skills
are interwoven and often exist in combination
• show that a student must be competent in all 4 in order to effectively operate in English
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Full Integration
* face2face was the first series designed to directly reflect the CEFR, and the Reading & Writing portfolios are directly connected to the ‘task-based learning’ CEFR approach
CEFR face2faceEnglish
UnlimitedIESOL & ISESOL
EBC/SETB
A1 Breakthrough Starter Starter Preliminary
1/AA2
WaystageElementary Elementary Access
B1 Threshold
Pre Intermediat
e
Pre Intermediat
eAchiever
2/B
B2 VantageIntermediat
eIntermediat
eCommunicat
or
C1 EOPUpper
Intermediate
Upper Intermediat
eExpert
3/C
C2 Mastery Advanced Advanced Mastery
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Integrated Experiences
Scenario 1: You buy a printer online from www.computerland.cz, but after a few weeks of use you are quite unsatisfied with its performance. You would like to either exchange it for store credit or a full refund. The actual website has some information on its ‘customer service’ page, and there is a telephone number and contact email address.
Scenario 2: You decide try a new restaurant that has recently opened in your neighbourhood. The experience is truly wonderful – service, food, value for money, everything. You are so impressed that you decide to let all your friends know about the place and recommend it to them.
Scenario 3:You’ve been very busy lately and a relaxing beach holiday with your partner and 6-year-old son is just what you need. You visit a small, local travel agent who offers several interesting all-inclusive packages in Cuba. However, the brochure you leave with is quite vague in terms of information, both about the country itself and exactly what the resort offers in terms of services, food, activities, etc.
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Scenario 1: What Might You Do?
Read the operation manual sent with the product; the purchase terms and conditions on the website (following instructions, understanding rights/obligations)
Write an email out-lining the nature of the problem; a follow-up email after a conversation with an e-shop staff member (explaining, complaining, confirming)
Speak to the e-shop directly via phone explaining the situation; asking what steps to take to resolve the problem (explaining, complaining, requesting further information)
Listen to the staff member address your complaint after you call (responding, agreeing or disagreeing, justifying, following instructions)
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Scenario 2: What Might You Do?
Read the menu; any feedback emails you receive after sending out your recommendation (vocabulary of food/restaurants, acknowledging, thanking)
Write an email to your friends suggesting they visit the restaurant; a letter to the restaurant expressing your satisfaction (recommending, persuading, praising)
Speak to the waiter to order your food; expressing your thoughts re your dining experience; asking more about the establishment (requesting, giving opinions, complimenting, enquiring)
Listen to the waiter respond to your order; respond to your opinion; answer any questions you have (vocabulary of food/restaurants, thanking, processing new information)
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Scenario 3: What Might You Do?
Read the travel brochure; an on-line travel forum written by former travellers to the destination (vocabulary of travel and tourism, recommending, suggesting, cautioning)
Write an email to either the travel agent or the resort itself asking for more details (enquiring about specifics, outlining needs or expectations)
Speak to the travel agent outlining what you want; possible holiday packages (requesting information, expressing desires)
Listen the travel agent respond to your request (optioning, proposing, processing details, clarifying)
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Part B – Methodology: Practice and Assessment of the Four Skills
This part of the seminar will…• examine different types of skills and
how they may exist in combination• review materials and resources that
help teach and support this integrated-skill approach
• consider how competence and ability in these skills might be assessed
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Receptive vs. Productive Skills
Receptive Skills are the ways in which people extract meaning from the language discourse they see or hear.
Productive Skills are the ways in which we establish a language discourse that can be ‘received’ by someone else.
In order for true communication to take place, at least one receptive and one productive skill needs to be used.
reading and listening
speaking and writing
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Skill Combinations
speaking
speaking
writing
writingreading
readinglistening
listening
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Reading & Writing
• face2face Upper Intermediate WB pg 76 – 77 Reading & Writing Portfolio 7: Including relevant information
• City & Guilds EBC Level 2 (B1-B2) Additional Sample Paper 2, Task 1
A Semi-formal Letter with Information
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Reading & Writing
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Reading & Writing
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Reading & Writing
What do you think?• materials draw on the link between receptive (reading)
and productive (writing) skills• the face2face Reading and Writing Portfolio presents
several genres that contribute the relevant input information, then draws focus to one main task type
• the Portfolio provides a leading example that is reproduced later by the students, as well as focusing on structural elements
• the EBC task requires students to process text and transform it to a written product – thus consolidating the integration of these two skills
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Reading & Speaking
• face2face Upper Intermediate WB pg 74 – 75 Reading & Writing Portfolio 6: Describing a place you love
• English Unlimited Upper Intermediate SB pg 34Target Activity: Describe well-know sights to a visitor
• City & Guilds ISESOL Communicator (B2) Sample Paper 1, Part 4
Describing A Place
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Reading & Speaking
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Reading & Speaking
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Reading & Speaking
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Reading & Speaking
What do you think?• materials draw on the link between receptive (reading)
and productive (speaking) skills• the face2face Reading and Writing Portfolio focuses on lexis
and structures necessary for the speaking that will follow, illustrated through a solid textual example
• the English Unlimited Target Activity provides a well-structured speaking task, that moves well from closed to open practice
• the ISESOL task requires students to speak in free form using what was learned in the previous activities, and further expand their ideas verbally via follow-up questions
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Listening & Writing
• English Unlimited Upper Intermediate SB pg 74Target Activity: Give a factual talk
• face2face Upper Intermediate WB pg 72 – 73 Reading & Writing Portfolio 5: Preparing a presentation
• City & Guilds IESOL Communicator (B2) Sample Paper 1, Listening Part 3
A Presentation
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Listening & Writing
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Listening & Writing
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Listening & Writing
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Listening & Writing
What do you think?• materials draw on the link between receptive
(listening) and productive (writing) skills• the English Unlimited Target Activity presents key lexis
through a well-structured listening task, and follows with closed practice of these structures
• the face2face Reading and Writing Portfolio first demonstrates these structures in practice, explores them in greater detail, and finally provides a productive written task for students
• the IESOL listening task requires students process verbal input and reproduce it in written form
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Listening & Speaking
• face2face Upper Intermediate SB pg 12-13Real World: Keeping a conversation going
• City & Guilds IESOL Communicator (B2) Sample Paper 1, Listening Part 1
• City & Guilds ISESOL Communicator (B2) Sample Paper 1, Part 2
Social Responses
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Listening & Speaking
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Listening & Speaking
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Listening & Speaking
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Listening & Speaking
What do you think?• materials draw on the link between receptive (listening)
and productive (speaking) skills• the face2face Real World module frames the skills through
a natural, realistically conversational listening activity• the module further provides students with a chance to both
explore key lexis and then practice it via spoken role-play• the IESOL task requires students to listen to a scenario
before contributing a natural response (what in reality they would say)
• Following-up with the ISESOL task allows students to consolidate what they’ve learned, again through spoken role-play
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Part C – Conclusion: Materials, Summary and Main Points
This part of the seminar will…• introduce some of the key features of
the face2face and English Unlimited course book series’ used in the seminar
• present an overview of the City & Guilds exam suite used as an assessment tool in the seminar
• review and summarize the seminar’s main theoretical and methodological aims
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Main Components of face2face• Student´s Book with free CD-ROM• Workbook• Teacher´s Book• Audio CD• DVD• Test-Generator CD-ROM• Classware (to be used with projector, PC
and interactive boards)
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Main Features of face2face• Six levels (Starter to Advanced)• Help with Grammar, Help with Vocabulary,
Help with Listening, Help with Fluency• Get Ready.. Get it Right (fluency practice)• Reading & Writing Portfolios• Integrated pronunciation• Interactive Language Summaries• Great photocopiable resources in TB
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WHERE CAN ENGLISH TAKE YOU?
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What is English Unlimited?• Six-level Adult English course (Starter
to Advanced)• Electronic / online support (E-Portfolio,
DVD-ROMs, Classware)• Goal-based lessons, internationally
accessible and inclusive, genuine natural language
• www.cambridge.org/elt/englishunlimited
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And Now, Here’s How!
Core Explore• 2 double-page
lessons• ‘Target Activity’• ‘Look Again’
• ‘Explore Speaking’ & ‘Explore Writing’
• ‘Keyword’• ‘Across
Cultures’• Independent
Learning
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• British examining and certification body providing 50% of the UK’s vocational qualifications.
• City & Guilds in ČR organizes exams in English through 35 approved testing centres.
• City & Guilds exams in English General English exams
IESOL (written) + ISESOL (spoken) Business English exams
EBC (written) + SETB (spoken) Exams for Young learners
YESOL (written) + YSESOL (spoken)
City & Guilds
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Unique Features of the City & Guilds ESOL Exams
• Communicative: grammar tested in context• Monolingual Dictionary: allowed• On Demand: flexible exam dates; as soon as 14 days after order
is placed• Written and Spoken Exams: 2 independent exams; candidate
can sit each at a different level• Assessment: done in London; maximum objectivity; results in 4-6
weeks• Interlocutors: 1 candidate 1 interlocutor only; relaxed and friendly
atmosphere• Flexible Study Materials: a variety of course books or materials
can be used• Exams test “only” the level: drilling exam tasks not necessary;
focus is on language skills rather than strategy/logic
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Continued Integration
More integrated resources are on the way…• a teacher’s Guide that serves as a bridge between the
face2face series and the City & Guilds IESOL exams• Currently, the Guide linking face2face Intermediate and
Achiever B1 level is in progress, which Guides for higher levels to follow
• organized according to the 4 skills• you will receive the Guide by email and it will be
available online at www.cityandguilds.cz website
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In Conclusion
• a working competency of all 4 skills is necessary for successful functional operation in English
• the skills are best taught through an integrated approach, always bearing in mind how they can support each to maximize the benefits for students
• skills can effectively be tackled as a paired ‘receptive-productive; input-output’ type package
• CUP’s face2face and English Unlimited series’ offer materials that promote competency in all 4 skills, often in an integrated way
• the 4 skills can be tested and assessed via the City & Guilds exam suite, which allows you to gauge the extent to which a student has achieved ‘total ability’
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Do You Have Any Questions?
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Thank You For Your Time!
www.cambridge.org www.cityandguilds.cz/sk
www.cityandguildsenglish.com