Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of...
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![Page 1: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Topographic MapsReading Contour Maps
![Page 2: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Topographic maps show the shape of the landBy the shape of the contour lines on the map
![Page 6: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
How do you read this map?
![Page 7: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Rules for Reading a Topo Map:circles=hills or mountains
close lines=steep slope (cliff=escarpment)
far apart lines=flat or gentle slope
stream flow=contour lines bend upstream (rule of v’s)
The higher the elevation, the smaller the circle in a series of closed contour lines
Lets practice reading one…
![Page 8: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The highest and lowest point
The highest point or elevation on a contour map is equal to the highest possible elevation -1 (without going to the next contour line)
The lowest point or maximum depth is found in a depression. This is indicated by hachured contour lines. This is equal to the depth of the depression -1. The minimum depth will always be the value of the depression -1.
![Page 9: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Profiles and gradient
A profile is a cross sectional view of the land or a side view. We can easily create a profile.
The gradient of the land refers to the steepness of the land. The formula is on page 1 of the ESRT.
![Page 10: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Other important features:• Magnetic Declination: is given at the
bottom of the map usually.
• Magnetic declination, sometimes called magnetic variation, is the angle between magnetic north and true north.
• Magnetic declination changes over time and with location.
• http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/geomag-web/#declination
![Page 11: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Magnetic Declination
![Page 12: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Map Scale
1 inch=2,000ft
![Page 13: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Finding Gradient
• Use formula: Gradient = change in Field Value/Distance
• Unit: for exampe… field value unit/meter or field value/mile
• Lets try a problem
![Page 14: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Topographic Maps Reading Contour Maps. Topographic maps show the shape of the land By the shape of the contour lines on the map.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081504/56649f4a5503460f94c6c6f2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Creating a Profile
• Sum Up
• 1. Mark Contour Lines
• 2. Line up Paper and Mark contours lines, label with elevation
• 3. Line up scrap paper with grid. Move paper up and down to plot points.
• 4. Connect points with a smooth line/curve as directed