Tools of data collection
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[email protected] 1 Tools of Data Collection By, S.G.Isave, Assistant Professor, Tilak College of Education, Pune - India
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Transcript of Tools of data collection
Tools of Data CollectionBy,S.G.Isave,Assistant Professor,Tilak College of Education,Pune - India
Meaning of Interview schedule
• One to one direct communication between researcher and subject for collection of data.
• Series of a questions to be asked in an interview is called interview schedule.
Types of Interview schedule
• Structured (for research)• Semi-structured ( flexible but
structured)• Non-directive ( free talk on
issues)• Focused ( in depth talk on an
issue ) (Media)
How to conduct an Interview
• Interview schedule should as per objectives.
• Planning of time, duration, place, mode of recording.
• Follow Formalities.• Respect not to answer right of subject.• Use of appropriate Language.• Positive body language.• Directing the interview. • Questioning – proper stress and tone,
use of sub questions if required.
Limitations • Hesitation to express• Vague• Time restrictions• Less time for thinking• Subjective • Researcher’s influence• Consciousness • Manipulated/polished/sophisticated/
socially accepted responses may be preferred.
Meaning • Series of questions in written
form.• Indirect interview• Widely used tool
When to use• Objective tool• Factual data required• Large sample• Minimum cost & time• Crossing Geographical
limitations
Development of Questionnaire
• Objectives• Content analysis• Combination of Types of
questions.• Sequence of questions.• Statistical techniques.• Questions- clear, correct, to the
point, appropriate nos.,
Administration of Questionnaire
• Appointment• Take in to confidence• Instructions and expectation• Tackling queries• Postage• Formalities
Advantages of Questionnaire
• Objectivity • Freedom to think• Flexibility of time• Free to answer.
Limitations of Questionnaire
• Difficult to analyze.• Environmental effects.• Collection is a challenge• Ambiguous
Qualities of Good Questionnaire• EXTERNAL -• Instructions• Primary Information• Font style and Type• Grammar• Quality, colour and
size of Paper.• Proper space for
response. • Postage
• INTERNAL -• Clarity and
simplicity of questions
• Validity and reliability
• As per age of subjects.
• Divisions as per Objectives.
• Pilot study
Interview schedule vs questionnaire
• Live / Real time• Direct questionnaire• More subjective.• Useful for experts, Illiterate people, parents etc.• To know views.• More time per subject.• Variety of data from a
person.• Informal way.• Not easy to analyze
• Flexible • One to one interaction• Researcher note responses.
• Own time of subject.• Indirect interview.• More objectives.• Useful for subjects, teacher,
students etc.• To collect factual data• Min time more info.• Specific data from more
subjects.• Formal way.• Comparatively easier to
analyze.• Rigid • One to many reaction.• Subject notes responses.
Types of Observation• Overt – subject
are aware• Covert -
unaware
• Participant• Non-participant
Precautions in Observation
• Appropriate tools• Field notes• Informal approach• Building rapport• What to observe• Use of audio visual devices
Advantages • Natural response• Real collection of a data• All round data• Self experience• Understanding the subject.• Useful for sociological research.• Useful for linear research.
Limitations • Subjectivity• Temporary form of data is acquired.• Difficult to analyze the data.• Time consumable.• Practical difficulties.
If I do this• Believe yourself.• Understand the nature of the exam.• Collect all the units of syllabus.• Don’t be scared of passing
percentage of the exam.
If I do this..• Prepare seriously.• Don’t just try for experience.• Prepare your own notes.• Practice to write answers.• Avoid Grammatical mistakes.
If I do this• Solve old question paper with time
management and get it checked from an expert.
• Construct diagrams.• Update your knowledge with books,
periodicals, internet etc.• Discuss with peer, teachers,
successful candidates.
• Be confident.• Be healthy, because learning is also
physical activity.• Be careful about filling application
form, attaching documents, admit cart,
All the Best
• If you try hard in proper direction, “You all will qualify in coming SET exam. in first attempt.”
