TODAYS TOPICS National Parks of India
Transcript of TODAYS TOPICS National Parks of India
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National Parks of India
Rules [Allen’s, Gloger’s, Jordan’s & Bergman’s]
Bacterial Diseases
National Parks of India
Rules [Allen’s, Gloger’s, Jordan’s & Bergman’s]
Bacterial Diseases
Morphology in Flowering Plants
Questions of Morphology in Flowering Plants
Menti Quiz (Morphology in Flowering Plants)
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TODAYS TOPICS
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Dr. Hariom GangwarM.B.B.S (KGMU)
8+ Yrs Teaching Experience
1,00,000 Student Mentored
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Dr. Hariom GangwarM.B.B.S (KGMU)
8+ Yrs Teaching Experience
1,00,000 Student Mentored
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Dr. Hariom GangwarM.B.B.S (KGMU)
8+ Yrs Teaching Experience
1,00,000 Student Mentored
![Page 5: TODAYS TOPICS National Parks of India](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012412/616c6175b9a7fe129243daa3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Dr. Hariom GangwarM.B.B.S (KGMU)
8+ Yrs Teaching Experience
1,00,000 Student Mentored
![Page 6: TODAYS TOPICS National Parks of India](https://reader031.fdocuments.in/reader031/viewer/2022012412/616c6175b9a7fe129243daa3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Dr. Hariom GangwarM.B.B.S (KGMU)
8+ Yrs Teaching Experience
1,00,000 Student Mentored
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Dr. Hariom GangwarM.B.B.S (KGMU)
8+ Yrs Teaching Experience
1,00,000 Student Mentored
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Largest size angiospermic
plant - Ficus bengalensis
(Banyan tree)
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Ficus bengalensis is the
National Tree of India.
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The primary roots and its
branches constitute the tap root
system, as seen in the mustard
plant. is called
'Oncology'/Carcinology.
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Monocotyledonous plants
- Fibrous root system
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In some plants, like grass, Monsteraand the banyan tree, roots arise
from parts of the plant other than
the radicle (like plumule) and are
called adventitious roots.
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Arrangement of root zones starting
from root tip :
Root cap – Meristematic zone –
Cell enlargement zone –
Cell maturation zone.
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Most plant have single root
cap but Pandanus
(screwpine) has multiple
root cap.
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In hydrophytes root cap is absent.
In hydrophytes (like Pistia, Lemna
and Eichhornia) root pocket is
present instead of root cap.
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Region of maturation :
From this region some of the epidermal
cells form very fine and delicate,
thread-like structures called root hairs.
These root hairs absorb water and
minerals from the soil.
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Roots or Pillar roots -
Banyan tree
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Maize, sugarcane and
Pandanus - Stilt roots
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Rhizophora and Sonneratia -
pneumatophores or breathing
roots or respiratory roots
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Epiphytic or hygroscopic or clinging roots or aerial roots
or hanging roots : These roots occurs in epiphytes (space
parasites).
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Largest bud is that of
Cabbage (Patta Gobhi).
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Clove (laung : Syzygiumaromaticum) is dried
unopened flower buds, used
as spice.
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Underground stems of potato,
ginger, turmeric, zaminkand,
Colocasia are modified to
store food in them.
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Potato - tuber
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Ginger, turmeric,
Gloriosa, and lotus -
rhizome
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Colocasia –
Gladiolus & Amorphophallus
(Zaminkand)
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Stem tendrils - gourds
(cucumber, pumpkins,
watermelon), grapevines (Vitis)and Passiflora (passion flower).
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Thorns –
Citrus and Bougainvillea
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Opuntia and Euphorbia -
phylloclades
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Cladode :
Ruscus and Asparagus
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Runner :
grass (doob), Oxalis and
strawberry.
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Stolon :
Mint and jasmine.
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Offset :
Pistia and Eichhornia.
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Sucker :
Banana, pineapple and
Chrysanthemum.
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Most reduced stem is
called bulb which is found
in onion and garlic.
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A stem with distinct solid
nodes and hollow
internodes is called culm.
e.g., Bamboo (Bumbusa).
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Leaves originate from
shoot apical meristems
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Smallest leaf is found
in Wolffia.
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Largest floating leaves
are found in
Victoria.
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Rose, groundnut
and Lupin –
Adnate stipules
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Acacia, Mimosa and
Euphorbia stipules are
modified into spines.
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Leguminous plants -
Pulvinus
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Phyllode - Australian
acacia and Parkinsonia
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Leaves of dicotyledonous plants (like
mango) generally possess reticulate
venation, while parallel venation is the
characteristic of most monocotyledons
(like wheat, rice and Canna).
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Smilax and Dioscorea are monocot
plants having reticulate venation
while Calophyllum and Eryngium are
dicot plants having parallel venation.
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Pinnately compound leaf -
Neem
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Palmately compound
leaves - silk cotton
(Bombax : Multifoliate)
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Paripinnate –
Tamarind or Imli.
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Imparipinnate –
Neem and Rose.
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Bipinnate compound leaf -
Mimosa pudica and
Acacia.
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Tripinnate compound leaf
: Moringa and Oroxylon.
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Decompound leaf : Carrot
& Coriander.
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Alternate - China rose,
mustard and sun flower
plants.
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Opposite - Calotropis and
guava.
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Whorled - Alstonia and
Nerium.
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Monotropa and Neottia -
Saprophytic angiosperms.
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Leaf tendril climbers :
The whole leaf is modified
in tendril.
e.g., Lathyrus aphaca.
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Leaflet tendril climbers :
Upper leaflets are modified
into tendril. e.g., Pisum sativum (garden pea).
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Leafapex tendril climber :
Leaf apex is modified into
tendril. e.g., Gloriosa.
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Stipule tendril climber
(tendrillar stipule) : Stipule
is modified into tendril.
e.g., Smilax.
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Petiole tendril climbers :
Petiole is modified into
tendril. e.g., Clematis.
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The arrangement of flowers
on the floral axis is termed
as inflorescence.
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Floral axis (inflorescence
axis) on which flowers are
attached is called
peduncle.
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In racemose type of
inflorescences the main axis
continues to grow, the flowers are
borne laterally in an acropetal
succession.
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Monocotyledons -
Sheathing leaf base
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Artabotrys is a hook
climber in which hooks are
the modification of
inflorescence axis.
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Verticillaster : Family
labiatae or laminaceae-
Ocimum (sacred basil =
Tulsi), Salvia.
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Hypanthodium : Genus Ficus of
family moraceae, e.g.,
Peepal (Ficus religiosa),Banyan (Ficus bengalensis) and
Fig (Ficus carica).
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Cyathium –
Euphorbia pulcherrima
62
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Study of flower is called
‘Anthology’.
63
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Opening of floral bud is
called anthesis.
64
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National flower of India
is Lotus (Nelumbo
nucifera).
65
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Smallest flower is found
in Wolffia.
66
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Largest flower is found in
Rafflesia.
67
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Stalk of flower is called
pedicel.
68
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Flower having all four floral
whorls is called complete
flower.
e.g., Fabaceae family.
69
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Bougainvellea - petaloid
bracts.
70
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Actinomorphic - mustard,
Datura and chilli.
71
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Zygomorphic - pea,
gulmohur, bean, Cassia &
Candytuft.
72
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Asymmetric - Canna
73
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Dicotyledons -
tetramerous or
pentamerous flowers.
74
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Trimerous condition -
Monocots and Liliaceae.
75
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Hypogynous flower -
ovary superior - mustard,
china rose and brinjal
76
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Perigynous - ovary half
inferior - plum, rose,
peach
77
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Epigynous - ovary inferior -
guava, cucumber, and the
ray florets of sunflower.
78
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Gamosepalous (sepals
united)
79
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Polysepalous (sepals free)
presistent calyx is found
in family solanaceae (Brinjal,
tomato) in which sepals
attached to the fruit.
80
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Gamopetalous (petals
united)
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Polypetalous (petals
free).
82
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Cruciform corolla is found in
Cruciferae (mustard and radish).
It has four petals arranged
crosswise & each petal is clawed.
83
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Calotropis - valvate.
84
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China rose, lady’s finger
and cotton - twisted.
85
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Cassia & gulmohur -
imbricate.
86
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Pea, bean and Crotolariaflowers - Vexillary or
papilionaceous (or
descending imbricate).
87
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Epipetalous - brinjal
88
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Epiphyllous –
flowers of lily
89
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Monoadelphous -
China rose (Hibiscus)
90
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Diadelphous - pea
91
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Polyadelphous - citrus.
92
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Syngenesious condition -
Compositae or
Asteraceae (sunflower).
93
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Synandrous condition -
Cucurbitaceae (Gourds,
Cucumber).
94
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Didynamous condition -
Labiate family
(Ocimum).
95
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Tetradynamous condition
: Cruciferae (Mustard /
Brassica campestris).
96
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Lotus, rose and
Michelia - Apocarpous.
97
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Syncarpous - mustard,
tomato and Papaver.
98
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Marginal placentation -
Pea.
99
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Axile- china rose, tomato
and lemon.
100
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Parietal placentation -
mustard and Argemone.
101
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Dianthus and Primrose -
free central.
102
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Basal placentation -
sunflower, marigold.
103
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Antigonon is floral bud
tendril.
104
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