Today will cover… –SPONCH –Carbohydrates –Proteins –Lipids (Fats) –Nucleic Acids...

• Today will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Nucleic Acids– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins

• and…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Nucleic Acids– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins

– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins

“Eat me only in

moderation.”

– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– Eating Healthy– Health Topics – Nucleic Acids– What is Life?– Needs of Life.– Origins of Life– Human Origins

• We will also cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)

• and…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)

• This unit will cover…– SPONCH – Carbohydrates– Proteins– Lipids (Fats)– What is Life?– Needs of Life– Origins of Life– Human Origins

• What did you eat for breakfast today?

• By the end of the of this unit you should be able to describe, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids.

• By the end of the of this unit you should be able to describe, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids. – This unit will help you understand the make-up

of complex molecules.

• By the end of the of this unit you should be able to describe, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids. – This unit will help you understand the make-up

of complex molecules.

Area of Focus: SPONCHArea of Focus: SPONCH

25 of the 92 naturally occurring 25 of the 92 naturally occurring elements are essential for life. elements are essential for life. SPONCH elements are the most SPONCH elements are the most

biologically important.biologically important.

25 of the 92 naturally occurring 25 of the 92 naturally occurring elements are essential for life. elements are essential for life. SPONCH elements are the most SPONCH elements are the most

biologically important.biologically important.

• Organic Chemistry: The chemistry of carbon compounds.

• Organic Chemistry: The chemistry of carbon compounds.– Carbon is the duct tape of life. It holds

everything together.

Percentage of SPONCH elements in living Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. things.

S.S. Sulfur Sulfur Trace Trace P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus 1.0% 1.0% O.O. Oxygen Oxygen 65.0% 65.0% N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen 3.3% 3.3% C.C. Carbon Carbon 18.5% 18.5% H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen 9.56% 9.56%

Other (Trace)Other (Trace) 3.0% 3.0%

Sulfur, Sodium, Magnesium, Copper, Zinc, Selenium, Molybdenum, Sulfur, Sodium, Magnesium, Copper, Zinc, Selenium, Molybdenum, Fluorine, Chlorine, Iodine, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron Lithium, Fluorine, Chlorine, Iodine, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron Lithium, Strontium, Aluminum, Silicon, Lead, Vanadium, Arsenic, Bromine Strontium, Aluminum, Silicon, Lead, Vanadium, Arsenic, Bromine

S.S. Sulfur Sulfur Trace Trace P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus 1.0% 1.0% O.O. Oxygen Oxygen 65.0% 65.0% N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen 3.3% 3.3% C.C. Carbon Carbon 18.5% 18.5% H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen 9.56% 9.56% Other (Trace)Other (Trace) 3.0% 3.0%

Sulfur, Sodium, Magnesium, Copper, Zinc, Selenium, Molybdenum, Sulfur, Sodium, Magnesium, Copper, Zinc, Selenium, Molybdenum, Fluorine, Chlorine, Iodine, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron Lithium, Strontium, Fluorine, Chlorine, Iodine, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron Lithium, Strontium, Aluminum, Silicon, Lead, Vanadium, Arsenic, Bromine Aluminum, Silicon, Lead, Vanadium, Arsenic, Bromine

• Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things. Percentage of SPONCH elements in living things.

• S.S. Sulfur Sulfur Trace Trace• P.P. Phosphorus Phosphorus 1.0% 1.0%• O.O. Oxygen Oxygen 65.0% 65.0%• N.N. Nitrogen Nitrogen 3.3% 3.3%• C.C. Carbon Carbon 18.5% 18.5%• H.H. Hydrogen Hydrogen 9.56% 9.56%• Other (Trace)Other (Trace) 3.0% 3.0%

• Sulfur, Sodium, Magnesium, Copper, Zinc, Selenium, Molybdenum, Fluorine, Sulfur, Sodium, Magnesium, Copper, Zinc, Selenium, Molybdenum, Fluorine, Chlorine, Iodine, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron Lithium, Strontium, Aluminum, Chlorine, Iodine, Manganese, Cobalt, Iron Lithium, Strontium, Aluminum, Silicon, Lead, Vanadium, Arsenic, Bromine Silicon, Lead, Vanadium, Arsenic, Bromine

• Activity! Please complete an animal graph of the data you have just gathered.

“ “Hey Mr. Hey Mr. Bhatti, Bhatti, what’s an what’s an animal animal graph?”graph?”

“ “I don’t I don’t know?”know?”

““This teacher This teacher is crazy.”is crazy.”

• Draw a detailed animal of your choice.– About a ½ page in your journal.

• Then color fill with a crayon or colored pencil to approximate % of SPONCH elements.

CarbohydratesCarbohydrates (sugars) SP (sugars) SPOONNCHCH

1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.oxygen.

• 1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.1:2:1 ratio for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen.

• 1:2:1 ratio for 1:2:1 ratio for carboncarbon, hydrogen, oxygen., hydrogen, oxygen.

• 1:2:1 ratio for 1:2:1 ratio for carboncarbon, , hydrogenhydrogen, oxygen., oxygen.

• 1:2:1 ratio for 1:2:1 ratio for carboncarbon, , hydrogenhydrogen, , oxygen.oxygen.

• 11::22::11 ratio for ratio for carboncarbon, , hydrogenhydrogen, , oxygen.oxygen.

Proportion: The relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity.

Ratio: A general term; it is obtained by dividing one number by another.

Proportion: The relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity.

Ratio: A general term; it is obtained by dividing one number by another.

Common sugars tend to end in “ose” Ex Common sugars tend to end in “ose” Ex –glucose.–glucose.

• Can you find the sugar below?

• Answer: Fructose

There are two types of sugarsThere are two types of sugars -- --

Simple Sugars: Broken down quickly.

Complex Sugars: Starch / Fiber / Glycogen / Cellulose / Chitin.

• Video! (Optional) The Glucose Song.

– What are some the functions of sugar to the human body described in the song / video?

– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJvAL-iiLnQ

• Cellulose: The Cell Walls in plants.Cellulose: The Cell Walls in plants.– Strong sugar woven sugar that allows plants to be very Strong sugar woven sugar that allows plants to be very

tall.tall.

• Starch is a complex sugar Starch is a complex sugar – (longer lasting energy)(longer lasting energy)

• Activity! Making Saltine Man / Women.– Add drops of diluted iodine in water onto the Saltine

to make a face.

• Activity! Making Saltine Man / Women.– Add drops of diluted iodine (Antiseptic) in water onto

the Saltine to make a face.

• Activity! Testing for the presence of starch.– Iodine (Use diluted antiseptic) turns black when

in the presence of starch.– Draw a picture of each test tube and make a

prediction as to which one contains starch.– Test the samples on your tray with one drop of

Iodine. Which have starch and which do not?

• Starch is a major component of bread.

• Starch is a major component of bread. – We can find starch in breads and pasta,

vegetables, and tubers like potatoes and yams.

• Candy bars have lots of simple sugars such as glucose and fructose.

• Which picture represents simple sugars?

• What types of food should you eat before an athletic event?– The night before vs. game time.– Should you eat the same things, different, talk it

over and explain.

• Answer: Simple sugars such as a candy bar or sugar drink will give you quick short burst of energy, while complex sugars such as starch are longer lasting energy but require more time to break down.

• Answer: Simple sugars such as a candy bar or sugar drink will give you quick short burst of energy, while complex sugars such as starch are longer lasting energy and require more time to break down.

• Simple sugars can be broken down quickly for short energy, Complex sugars have more energy, but it takes longer to break them down.

• Eat Complex the night before, more simple during the event.– A spaghetti dinner during halftime won’t help you.– A candy bar the night before won’t help you.

Today will cover… –SPONCH –Carbohydrates –Proteins –Lipids (Fats) –Nucleic Acids...

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