TNSMP – Event information (location)

ISC and AFAD based information is used to compile the location of earthquakes.

Preference Order

Epicenter Coordinates Depth

1 ISC ISC2 AFAD AFAD3 ISK ISK4 ANSS ANSS5 USGS USGS6 SED HRV7 RCMT SED8 ESMD RCMT9 EMMA EMMA

TNSMP – Event information (magnitude and faulting mechanism)HRV, SED and RCMT are main sources to compile both Mw and fault solution information.

True plane of each double-couple solutions are determined with an expert.

Deleuis et al. (2002) study is used to define source parameters of Kocaeli (1999) main shock.

Preference Order Mw Fault solution

1 HRV HRV2 SED SED3 ANSS RCMT4 RCMT ESMD5 USGS USGS

6 ESMD Kiratzi and Louvari (2002)

7 EMMA Özalaybey et al. (2002)

8 CSEM Ergin et al. (2004)

9 ISK Bohnhoff et al. (2006)

TNSMP – Event information (style-of-faulting)

The style of faulting information is determined by

definitions of faulting style based on plunges of P-, T-, and B-axes by Frohlich and Apperson (1992)

definitions of faulting style by Boore et al. (1997), Campbell (1997), and Sadigh et al. (1997), where λ is the rake angle (in degrees) and δ is the dip angle (in degrees).

TNSMP – Station information

As of 2010,

standard penetration tests are applied to 153 sites

241 sites have shear-wave velocity profiles that are determined via MASW method.

TNSMP – Finite-fault distance information

Except for Kocaeli earthquake, the finite-fault distance metrics are computed from double couple solutions. True plane information is provided by an expert. The assumptions are given below:

• Nucleation point is assumed to be at the center of the fault.

• Fault dimensions are computed from equations proposed by Wells and Coppersmith (1994).

TNSMP – Record information

The non-standard errors are cleared by visual inspection of time series (Douglas, 2003a).

Band-pass filtering is applied to remove both low- and high-frequency noise in the Fourier acceleration spectrum (e.g., Boore and Akkar, 2003; Boore and Bommer, 2005; Akkar and Bommer, 2006).

RESORCE – Reference databases

Source TimespanInternet site for European strong-motion

data (ISESD; Ambraseys et al., 2004a) 1967-2003

Italian accelerometric archive (ITACA, Luzi et al., 2008) 1976-2004

Turkish national strong-motion project (TNSMP, Akkar et al., 2010) 1976-2007

The Swiss Seismological Service (ARKLINK, www.seismo.ethz.ch) 1994-2012

Hellenic Accelerogram Database (HEAD, http://www.itsak.gr/en/db/data;

Theodulidis et al., 2004)1973-1999

French Accelerometric Data (RAP; http://www-rap.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr) 1995-2007

Hierarchy applied

• ISESD and ESMD: major sources for pre-2004 events• Earthquake specific studies: used to update event information• Italian data: if exists in ISESD, update all the information

provided by ITACA• Turkish data: For pre-2004 events, update their waveforms but

keep the metadata information from ISESD. Include the post-2004 events in RESORCE.

• Other data: if they exist in ISESD, keep their event information as is unless new studies exist. If they do not exist (post-2004), include them in RESORCE. In any case, update station and site information, if new information exists

The above hierarchy is evolved during annual internal review meetings

Additional explanation for magnitude

When reported moment magnitude (Mw) is unavailable,• we searched seismological agencies (e.g. GCMT,

RCMT, SED, etc.)• we used local studies to obtain Mw from other

magnitude scales.– Turkish earthquakes: Akkar et al. (2010) conversion equations– Italian earthquakes: Castello et al. 2007) conversion equations– Greek earthquakes: Papazachos et al. (2009) conversion equations

Additional explanation for SoF

To provide uniform information on SoF, we used the Boore and Atkinson (2007) criteria (SoF based on plunge angle).

- Whenever plunge angle is not available, compute it using the strike, dip and rake angle information (Snoke’s program).

- If event has no plunge angle, use the existing information provided by the reference database

SoF P-axis Plunge T-axis Plunge

Normal P-pl>40 T-pl<40

Reverse P-pl<40 T-pl>40

Strike-slip P-pl<40 T-pl<40

SoF - Provided SoF - Used

NormalNormal-Oblique

Normal

ReverseReverse-Oblique

Reverse

Strike-slip Strike-slip

Oblique Oblique

Additional explanation for site classification

National databases are apriori for SM station information. This is followed by the regional (ESMD and ISESD) and global databases.

Shear-wave profiles and in-situ measurement info are collected from the reference databases. Measured VS30 is apriori for site classification. References from literature are also studied for site classification of some SM stations.

If shear-wave velocity profile does not reach to 30m, the last layer of the profile is extended to 30m for computing VS30.

o If the source of distances is ITACA and ISESD, they are taken as they are (unless recent specific studies exist)

o For events with known true fault planes:

• When specific studies exist, use the provided information• If only the true fault plane is known

• Nucleation point is assumed to be at the center• Ruptured fault dimensions are computed from Wells and

Coppersmith (1994). [Leonard (2010) also gives similar results]

o For events with with known double-couple fault plane solutions but unknown true fault plane:

• Use the assumptions in the previous slide and take the arithmetic average of the distances computed from the two planes (suggested – RESORCE provides the distances from both planes as well)

Distance Calculations

Strong-motion data processing of RESORCE is based on both pre- and post-processing schemes (Boore et al., 2012).

• Non-standard errors are removed by visual inspection of time series

• Band-pass acausal filtering is applied to remove low- and high-frequency noises

• Filter cut-offs are selected from a set of alternatives by inspecting the frequency and time-domain behavior of acceleration, velocity and displacement traces

Data Processing

Data Processing

Read uncorrected acceleration time series

Remove pre-event portion of digital records(So that tapering does not affect the data)

Remove mean from the data

Taper the beginning and end of data (Do not taper the beginning of S-wave triggered recordings)

Apply 4-pole acausal Butterworth filter in frequency domain after identifying low- and high-cut filter frequencies from FAS of mean removed data

Double integrate the filtered acceleration to obtain displacement

Fit a polynomial of order 6 to the displacement trace(With the coefficients for the zeroth and first order terms constrained to be 0.0)

Subtract the second derivative of polynomial from acceleration

Apply some zero pads to the end of record