• Title = Revolution Recipe–What is Revolution?

Define it–What is the recipe

for a Revolution?–How can

revolutions end?

• Analyze the political and religious causes of the English Civil War

• Analyze the mistakes of Charles I that spark the war

• Identify the enemies in the English Civil War

• Analyze the political and religious effects of the end of the Civil War

• Political Disputes• Religious Disputes

• James & Parliament (nobles) argue over power – James dissolves

Parliament many times• James and Puritans

argue over Anglican Church…– James ignores Puritans

• 22 Years…no major mistakes

• Less ethical than his father

• “Tyrant”

• Charles I creates trouble…– Writes “Divine

Right of Kings” where he defends what?

– Imprisons opponents w/o trial…breaks Magna Carta

– Spends lots of $$$

• Forces Charles to sign…–Promise not to levy

taxes without Parliament’s consent

–Can’t imprison without just cause (Writ of Habeas Corpus)

• Dissolves Parliament–No Parliament for

11 years (1629-1640)

• Charles gets taxes on his own (wisely?)–The table is his

• Charles and ABofC William Laud do what? (2)

• Who is angered in 1640?– What can they do?

• Problem for Charles with this rebellion?– Who does he call for

help?

• 1640-1643• Get to work!!

– Removed Laud from office– Repealed tax levies– Abolish Court of Star Chamber

• But what does Parliament really want?!?!?!– Don’t want to be dissolved for long periods (like

11 years)• Offer Charles I the Triennial Act

– Parliament meets at least every 3 years

• Radicals in Parliament WANT MORE!!– Want to make Puritan Reforms to the Anglican

Church– Radical Groups in Parliament then kill Charles I’s

chief ministers (including William Laud)• How will Charles take this?

• Sends army into Parliament to arrest radical politicians

• Politicians escape out the back door

• This act by the King/Parliament starts the Civil War

• 1642-1649• Cavaliers

vs Roundheads

• How does it end?

• Loyal to…• Where

from?• Class?• Religiously?

• Upper Middle Class

• Parliamentary forces

• 2 Puritan groups

• Led by • His army is

called?– New Model

Army

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Oliver_Cromwell_by_Robert_Walker.jpg

King Charles I captured

1. Parliament is split in two…– Presbyterians (hierarchy)

vs Independents (none)…• Who has power where?

2. Anglican Church…how should it look?– Presbyterian or

Congregationalist?3. Charles I ESCAPES!!!

– Cromwell has to fight Charles I again and capture him again• Recaptured in 1648

• Many reasons…• New religions

threatening social order and harmony…(who + how?)– Baptists…– Quakers…– Diggers– Seekers– Ranters

• Who wins the argument?– Independents (led

by Oliver Cromwell) kick out the Presbyterians and form the Rump Parliament

–Charles I put on trial• What charge?

The FinalDilemma

• Parliament (the people?) would no longer tolerate…

• The English people declare that a King’s power comes from…

• England wanted to try a government ruled by the people…hmmm

• Monarchy???? ↓

• House of Lords? ↑• Cromwell (CinC) and

Rump Parliament run country– AKA…………..

• Irish – Catholic

uprising• Levellers

– Who were they?

– What did they want?

• Anglicans and Catholics

• What was Cromwell turning into?

• Cromwell & Rump Parliament don’t work well together

• What will Cromwell do?

• Cromwell = Lord Protector

• 1655-1658 = Martial Law exists

• Taxes raised• Sound good?

• Cromwell dies in 1658– Son takes over but has

no power• Anglican Parliament

returns and votes for Stuarts to return in 1660

• Someone has to pay the price for killing the King!!– More on that next