TITAN PLATFORMSOffshore Wind

Power Systems of

Texas

The Future of Offshore Wind Energy is dependant on a good foundation

“The Titan 200 is Solid Footing to Build Upon”

Project references – UK Round 3

Design BasisProject specific references

A. Carbon Trust, “OWA Offshore Wind Farm Foundation, UK Round 3, Design Basis,

Version 1”, May 2009,

B. Summary of Metocean design conditions based on respective the Offshore

Technology Report 2001/010 model data and the DHI hindcast model data,

C. 2009-10-06 OWA Offshore Foundations: Revised design metocean conditions,

D. April 2009 – OWA Offshore WF Foundations UK Round 3 DRAFT Summary of loads,

E. E-mail 2009-10-28, PM “SV-data request”,

F. May 2009 – OWA Offshore wind Farm Foundations UK Round 3 Design Basis, rev1,

G. E-mail 2009-10-21 “OWA Offshore Foundations: Revised design basis”,

H. E-mail 2009-11-16 “Area 5. Tmo-Hs directional statistic1”,

I. E-mail 2009-11-05 “Titan relative to Keystone.”,

J. E-mail 2009-11-06 “Directional statistic Area 3 and 5.” ,

K. 2009-11-12 “OWA Offshore WF Foundations UK Round 3 Summary of loads”

Industry specific references/codes

AISC ASD-9th edition, “Manual of Steel Construction”

ASCE 7-05, “Loads on Buildings and Other Structures”

API RP-2A WSD, 2005, “Recommended Practice for

Planning, Designing and Constructing Offshore Structures-

Working Stress Design”

DNV RP-C203 – May 2000 – “Fatigue Design of Offshore

Steel Structures”

ISO 19901 for general requirements for the determination and

use of meteorological and oceanographic (metocean)

conditions for the design.

Structural Description

The layout of Titan 200 Mobile Self

Installing Platform consists of a Y

shape hull supported by three (3)

independent legs.

The foundation for the wind turbine

is at the center of the Y hull.

The overall dimensions of the unit

are to be determined by the

results of the analysis performed

using given Design Basis.

All primary hull and leg strength

materials used in the construction

Of Titan 200 Jack-up rigs are ABS

approved AISC rolled shapes

(ASTM 992) and plate (ASTM 572

Gr. 50). Material has minimum yield

strength of FY=50 ksi.

A-Mean Nominal Sea level O-Vessel Draft

B-Water depth on site P-Ctr Gravity

C-Leg/spud can penetration Q-MC Height

D-Air gap R-Wave Force (kips)

E-Hull Depth S-Ctr. Wind Reaction

F-Clearance Blade Tip T-Ctr. Wave Reaction

G-Hob Height from Deck U-Ballast Water (kips)

H-Top Tip Blade V-Overturning Moment

I-Wave Height (100 yr) W-Fixity Spud can

J-Current Force (kips) X-East Wind Force (kips)

K-Wind Force (kips)

L-Wt Turbine (kips) BLACK – Known Dim.

M- Ctr. to Ctr. Legs RED-Environm. Loads

N-Ctr. to Ctr. Twr. To leg GREEN-Induced Loads

BLUE-Calculated Values

Structural Description

LEG TO HULL CONNECTION CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

SPRING BEARING AT

LOWER GUIDE

RACK LOCKING

SYSTEM

ASSY WITH

RAISING JACKS

Structural description

The layout of Titan 200 Mobile Self

Installing Platform consists of a Y

shape hull supported by three (3)

independent legs.

The foundation for the wind turbine

is at the center of the Y hull.

DESIGN CASES

1

Baseline

2 3 4

Power (MW) 5.0 5.0 3.6 3.6

Depth (M) 45 35 45 35

Basic Design

Titan 200 Mobile Self Installing Platform, Area 5

Basic Structure Information for Each Case

Case Turbine Water Leg Hull Dimensions Material

Size Depth Dia Thick

Dist

to

Hull

Ctr Width Depth Yield

(MW) (m) (mm) (mm) (m) (mm) (mm) (MPa)

1 Base 5.0 45 3,660 28.7/38.1 36.58 7,600 8,230 420

2 5.0 35 3,810 28.7/38.1 36.58 7,600 8,230 420

3 3.6 45 3,660 28.7/38.1 36.58 6,700 7,300 420

4 3.6 35 3,350 28.7/38.1 36.58 6,400 6,850 350

Design Process

To meet the operational goals, design process is as

follows:

• Natural Frequency. The rig is arranged and sized to

meet goals of natural frequency, in particular avoidance

of the wind turbine 1P and 3P frequency bands

• Strength. The platform must meet the site maximum

environmental criteria (wind, wave, current) criteria

within tolerances for allowable stress and deflection

• Fatigue. Key connections must meet the fatigue life

goal of 25 years for the project wind and wave fatigue

load criteria

TITAN 200

Area 5 Analysis Data – Weights

WEIGHTS Ref 3.6MW-45m 3.6MW-35m 5.0MW-45m 5.0MW-35m Units

Hull D, ssht 807,00 761,00 923,00 869,00 MT

Legs D, ssht 847,00 664,00 875,00 875,00 MT

Total rig (less tower) Calc 1 654,00 1 425,00 1 799,00 1 744,00 MT

Tower 5, T8.1 190,00 190,00 300,00 300,00 MT

Nacelle and rotor 5, T8.1 220,00 220,00 410,00 410,00 MT

Total turbine Calc 410,00 410,00 710,00 710,00 MT

Grand total Calc 2 064,00 1 836,00 2509,00 2 454,00 MT

Natural frequency

Titan 200 Mobile Self Installing Platform, Area 5

Frequency band requirements

3.6 MW 5.0 MW

Rotor diameter m 107 126

Tip speed m/s 80 90

Rotor speed range (min/max) rpm 7.5 15.0 6.9 13.7

Rated speed rpm 13.0 12.0

1P rated speed Hz 0.22 0.20

3P rated speed Hz 0.65 0.60

3P min/max speed Hz 0.38 0.75 0.35 0.69

Allowed system frequency bandHz 0.27 0.31 0.25 0.29

Hz > 0.9 > 0.82

Prohibited 1P frequency band Hz 0.17 0.27 0.16 0.25

Prohibited 3P frequency band Hz 0.31 0.90 0.29 0.82

The Titan 200 Mobile Self

Installing Platform along

with the wind turbine and

tower is sized to meet the

natural frequency

requirements.

In particular the

fundamental sway (fore-aft

and transverse) and

torsional (about vertical

axis) modes are

considered.

The rig can be tuned by

adjustment of leg size and

spacing, i.e. center of leg to

center of tower. Spring

Bearing stiffness will also

be adjusted to complete

fine tuning. Fine tuning,

strength and fatigue

requirements will be met by

altering material thickness.

NATURAL FREQUENCY ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE

The global analysis model for the strength check is utilized to check natural frequencies. A

modal analysis is performed on the structure utilizing same geometry and mass. Since the

primary rig modes are sway (fore-aft and transverse) and torsion, lateral movement will

mobilize some water mass in and around the legs. These masses are included as “added

mass” in the analysis. The first several mode shapes and frequencies are calculated.

However the ones of interest are the first 3, surge, sway (both same frequency) and torsion.

Structural Integrity

The design basis consists of Client requirements for the site and OWPST usual

structural configurations for the turbine support system. Particulars required for this

feasibility study are extracted from the references and displayed in the following

presentation.

The objective is to show on bottom stability and structural strength in the extreme

environment. Other sections will address natural frequency and fatigue life.

A global analysis computer model is created to capture:

• Hull shape and basic main member sizes of the hull branches and legs,

• Transfer of load from top of leg to upper and lower hull plating,

• Tower members (OD and thickness) to capture weight and wind loading

on tower, turbine and nacelle and transfer them along with their overturning

moment to the hull,

• Water depth, air gap, leg penetration,

• Wind loading on tower,

• Wind on hull and legs calculated ,

• Wave and current loading on legs including marine growth,

The model is solved and reviewed for resulting

• Stress to insure reasonable members can meet the requirements

• Deflections

• Overturning stability

TITAN 200

Fatigue evaluation

A fatigue analysis to determine fatigue life at critical locations in

the rig are made on:

• Tower foundation (weld of foundation base plate to tubular

column supported by hull)

• Leg girth weld at point of max bending (at hull bottom plate)

The rig is analyzed based on loading provided in Ref. 7. The

directional probability was used to address loading at the various

angles of attack (i.e. 0 degree, 60 degree, etc).

Fatigue Analysis, Loads and Results

Titan 200 Mobile Self Installing Platform, Area 5

Fatigue Case Results – Summary

C ase 1, B aseline 2 3 4

Turbine, M W 5.0 5.0 3.6 3.6

W ater depth, M 45.0 35.0 45.0 35.0

M ateria l yie ld (reference), M pa 420.0 420.0 420.0 350.0

M ateria l th ickness

Tower foundation, m m 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0

Leg local re inforcem ent. m m 125.0 70.0 100.0 100.0

C um ulative D am age

Tower to hull, % 93.7 92.5 97.6 97.6

C ritica l leg g irth weld, % 96.5 96.1 98.4 94.2

Stability Analysis

Basic stability calculations have been performed for each

platform configuration according to classical Principles of Naval

Architecture. The object is to determine elevation of the platform

center of gravity (CG) and the metacentric height (MC) to insure

the MC is higher than CG, a stable configuration.

Stability Analysis

TITAN concept vs economics

The TITAN concept surpasses the

goal and accommodates 5 Mw as

well as 3,6 Mw turbines with

advantages at all levels in depths

of 15 to 50 meters.

•Construction Costs

•Deployment Costs

•Mass production – lower costs

•Storm resistance

•Maintenance costs

•Insurance savings

•Decommissioning costs

Carbon Trust - Offshore foundations

The goal described is to develop novel forms of wind turbine foundation with potential for lower

capital and installation costs than designs currently in use, including consideration of deep water

sites.

•Cheaper to build in bulk

•Cheaper to transport

•Cheaper to install

•Cheaper to maintain

•Cheaper to decommsion

Experienced Engineers

Designed and analyzed by professionals Experience

The Titan 200 provides the international offshore wind

industry with proven versatile tool for the development

and production of power in most world regions

economically.

The TITAN 200 is according to classification by the

American Bureau of Shipping and built in accordance with

the latest MODU Code established by the

IMO Resolution A.649(16).

When required by the customer, the unit can be

manufactured to meet the requirements of the United States

Coast guard, The Netherlands Department of Mines or other

regulatory bodies.

We have been providing this same service to our clients

for over 30 years on a World Wide bases meeting the most

stringent design requirements, we design, certify,

manufacture and service

Why Chose the TITAN

Issue Titan 200 Highlights

Installation

cost

The Titan 200 is self installing. It requires only a tug to bring to location

and a workboat to bring installation aids (jacks, etc.) back to shore base.

Fully assembled unit with tower and turbine towed to site

No derrick barge or other offshore construction equipment

No dredge or other site preparation rigs

No special purpose vessel or equipment to deliver to location

No pile driving or suction piles

True 2-day installation without construction spread

Construction

cost

Mass production of hulls and legs in a low cost location in far

east. This activity takes place year-round.

Transport to TAG yard near installation site, 25 platforms at a

time (3 shipments per season = 75 platforms).

Structural unit cost (price/weight) is approx 25% of UK prices.

Tower installation and final assembly at UK yard near

installation site

Installed price goal per megawatt is comfortably achieved.

Site

irregularities

Not a factor for installation:

Sand waves

Subsoil boulders or other obstructions (if more than 20 m below

mudline)

Scour

Verticality Platform is continuously adjustable at time of installation to

insure verticality of tower. Level seafloor not required.

In event of long term loss of verticality, platform can be easily

leveled by temporarily re-installing installation jacks.

No need to un-install tower to adjust

No serious construction project to adjust

Personnel

access

Fully IMO approved boat landings and ladders (retractable)

Optional helideck

Optional stairs

Optional man-loaded crane

Maintenance

access

Davit at each leg for cargo and jack handling

Optional crane of any size (nominal 40-50 tonne suggested)

A-frame davit for installation/removal/change-out of

containerized control room, power and other deck equipment

Range of

locations,

common

design

Robust family of designs for various water depths and

environments

Standard designs for 3.6 MW and 5.0 MW turbines in 35 to 45

M water depth

Natural frequency can be fine-tuned for the site by adjusting leg

reaction pads rather than by total redesign

All platforms in a field will have same design, easily adjustable

for variations in water depth.

Economy of scale is assured.

Performance

and life

Design by collaboration of US and European engineers and

scientists with 100’s of years combined experienced in the hull

form and European offshore wind market

State of the art design taking advantage of all aspects of

dynamic design including adjustable mass, spring rates and

damping to assure optimized design meeting the site

requirements.

Thorough fatigue analysis and design details for the life of the

facility.

Regulatory Standard design to ABS requirements.

Optional submittals and approvals by other agencies such as

DNV or Lloyds

Safety systems to IMO and other requirements

Note: Platform is unmanned except for occasional maintenance

procedures.

TITAN PLATFORMSOffshore Wind

Power Systems of

Texas

The Future of Offshore Wind Energy is dependant on a good foundation

“The Titan 200 is Solid Footing to Build Upon”