Timor-Leste Experience on ODA & Aid Effectiveness 9-12 October 2007 The Central Asia, Southeast Asia...
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![Page 1: Timor-Leste Experience on ODA & Aid Effectiveness 9-12 October 2007 The Central Asia, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Regional Workshop on Aid Effectiveness.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062315/56649e2c5503460f94b1b40e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Timor-Leste Experience on ODA & Aid Effectiveness
9-12 October 2007
The Central Asia, Southeast Asia and the Pacific Regional Workshop on Aid
EffectivenessHanoi, Vietnam
Presentation by:Palmira Pires
DirectorETDA, Timor-Leste
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Overview• Timor-Leste: “Timor of the rising sun”
• Situated: Eastern part of Timor Island
500 km across the Timor Sea is Australia
• It also includes the enclave of Oecussi (located in West Timor)
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Facts and Figure• Population: 1,084,971 (Estimated)
• Rural population: 90%
• Language Literacy:
Tetun: 82%Portuguese: 5%Indonesian: 43%English: 2%
Gender: 49% Male, 51% Female
Youth (Age below 33): 51%
Land Area: 15,007 sq km
Source: The World Factbook – Timor-Leste
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Language & Administrative division
• 12 main ethnic groups, each with its own language ie:
Tetun, Mambae, Tokodede, Kemak, Galolen,Idate, Waimu’a, Naueti, Laka’ale, Bunak, Makasae and fataluku, Makalero, Baikeno
• Timor-Leste comprises of 13 districts, 67 sub-districts (postos), 442 villages (sucos) and 2,336 sub-villages (aldeias)
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History
• 450 years under Portuguese colony
• 3.5 years under Japanese invasion (World War II)
• 24 years under Indonesia (Order Baru)
• 2 years under UN Transitional Administration (UNAMET/UNTAET/UNMISET)
• Restoration of Independence, 20 May 2002
• Currently led by the 4th Constitutional Government
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Non- State Actors
• Religious organizations
• Mass organizations
• Cultural and traditional associations
• Community and sports organizations
• Development organizations and self-help groups referred as NGOs
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Indonesian period
- Indigenous political associations survived underground or were incorporated into Indonesian organizations
- Clandestine organizations operated under CNRT (National Council of the Timorese Resistance)
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Catholic Church
• 98% population is Catholic
• Constitution praises merits of the Church in its Preamble but does not favour any religion
• Church has communication and social service network
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Civil Society
There is a total of 467 local and international organizations in Timor-Leste in which 83% are local organizations. Most of the organizations are based in Dili.
• 369 Local NGOs
• 18 National NGOS
• 80 International NGOS
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Role of Civil Society
• Monitoring
• Advocacy
• Education
• Agriculture
• Advisory services on human rights, justice and peace, gender awareness, environment and emergency assistance
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Timor-Leste ODA Experience
In 2004
• GDP is USD 366
• Unemployment 55% nationwide, 20% capital Dili
• >10,000 young people join the labour market every year
• Inflation fell 1.8% in 2004 and is expected to remain at round 2.4%
• Growth in GDP is low at 1.8%
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Timor-Leste ODA Experience (cont…) Government records reveal that
Timor-Leste received a total of
USD 2,314,495,641 from 1999 to 2007
This figure represents both the security (military), emergency and development assistance to the country
• Source :figures gather from the Registry of External Assistance of the Government of Timor-Leste as of 28th September 2007
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Timor-Leste ODA Experience (cont…)
Funding breakdown:
Total Funding (US$)
Country (28) 1,949,663,249
Institutions (26) 364,832,391
Total 2,314,495,640
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East Timor Development Agency (ETDA)
• Established in 2000
• Non-governmental organization
• Led by Timorese
• Development of human resources through training, employment and business centres
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ETDA experience with Aid Assistance
Since its establishment, ETDA received funding
Funding approved (US$)
Country (4) 969,112
Institutions (3) 179,671
Total 1 148 783
(To date ETDA has received only 64% of the total approved funding)
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ETDA experience with Aid Assistance (cont..)
ETDA received 0.000496% of total Aid Assistance in Timor-Leste
0
500000000
1000000000
1500000000
2000000000
2500000000
Aid ETDA
28 countries
26 Institutions
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ETDA experience with Aid Assistance (cont..)
ETDA allocated Aid Assistance to:
• Institution building
• Capacity building
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ETDA experience with Aid Assistance (cont..)
Aid Assistance from donors based in the country
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ETDA experience with Aid Assistance (cont..)
Aid Assistance from donors outside the country
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ETDA experience with Aid Assistance (cont..)Results
• Ownership (organization is run and led by Timorese)
• Equal partnership (act as adviser to international organizations on local issues)
• Sustainability
• Sharing resources (support other non-government organizations including government in sharing resources)
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Results
• International organization facilitated Timorese technical assistance from abroad
• Timorese technical assistance from abroad acted as bridge between donor community and local Timorese
• Ownership of the project
• Transference of skills
• Long term commitment
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Challenges
• Lack of accountability of international partners’ organizations
• Lack of communication
• Inequality in sharing information
• Competition between international organizations in bidding for projects
• Difficulties in creating new programs
• Difficulty in starting on equal ground with international organizations in implementing NEW projects
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Recommendations
• Donors to provide an endowment fund to local organizations
• Beneficiaries of the project to evaluate the project
• Create a transparency mechanism where the international institutions must be accountable to present the results of the project to the beneficiaries, not just to donors
• Be able to access information of projects implemented in the country on an annual basis
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Recommendations (cont..)
• Support local media to monitor aid projects
• Create a mechanism for the return of professional technical assistance to their developing countries
And most importantly
• Aid assistance should not be tied with political decisions of the country
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Obrigadu Barak!
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Thank You