Three Dimensional dasddddddddddddedia

8/13/2019 Three Dimensional dasddddddddddddedia

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THREE DIMENSION L

MEDI


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Objectives:

Analyze the characteristics of 3Dinstructional materials

Create 3D instructional materialsDemonstrate proper use of 3D

instructional materials


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THREE-DIMENSIONAL MEDIA

Display an additional quality thatappeals to the sense of touch that is, a tactual quality.Gives a richer understanding of

real things.


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MATERIALS

Are very useful in the event that real-lifematerials are impossible to be brought in theclassroom to provide students with certainamount of direct, purposeful, rich andmeaningful learning experience.

Are usually constructed to allow handling by the

students, except those which are too large, toocostly, to rare, or too fragile.


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uEducation Theory

1. Jean Piaget Use the methods of instruction through the

individualized programs, exploration andexperimentation with concrete materials thathelps the child to learn more about hisenvironment.

With the use of real things, a child is able tocompare or contrast things and makeperception about his environment.


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2. Maria Montessori using real things help promote motor and

sensory skills.

3. Jerome Brunner Proposes that instruction should proceed

from direct experiences (real things) toiconic representation (pictures) to symbolicrepresentation (words) for achievingmastery of task.


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1.Objects and Specimens

2.Models and Mock-ups3.Diorama

4.Puppets5. Resource Person


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Objects Are concretematerials such asplants, animals,tools and artifactsused in providingdirect experience.

1. Objects and Specimens


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Specimens

Is a part or aspect of someitem that is a typical sample ofthe character of others in itssame class or group.In biology , a specimen is anindividual animal , part of ananimal, plant , part of a plant,or microorganism used as arepresentative to study theproperties of the wholepopulation of that species orsubspecies .

Invertebrate
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_specimenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subspecieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subspecieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_specimenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology


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Points to consider in teaching:

Develop a purpose for using them.Provide opportunities to learners to work with orto manipulate the specimens so that they can

consider concepts, process and principles bythemselves.

Present just enough specimens or objects at a

time so as not to overwhelm the learners.Present the materials in a dramatic way so as toarouse and sustain the interest of the learners.


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ADVANTAGES: LIMITATIONS:

These are lessabstract andmore concrete.It attractslearners attention.

Learners become

Needs a biggerstorage.Prone to possibledamage.Some objectshave limitation in

availability and


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MODELS

o are scaled replicas of

real objects.o Show the totality of a

thing or a process.Examples:

model carsairplaneshouse

solar system

2. Models and Mock-ups


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Are special types ofmodels which arefocused on aspecific part of awhole object andare workable.It is intended toshow the essentialparts which are

made detachable.


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1. Solid Models are mainly used forrecognizing external features as in the case ofglobes and puppets.

2. Cross-section Model/Cut-away Models show the internal structures.


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3. Con st ru ct ion Mo del which can be assembled anddisassembled to show relationship ofparts to whole.

4. Working Mod els - indicates how the things beingrepresented operate.


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o Allows learner to examine modelor mock-ups which may not be

easy in the real object.o Functional model/mock-ups

allows learners to handle andoperate.

o After presentation, model can be

left on display for a period of


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o Can provide learningexperiences that realobjects cannot provide.

o Working models canillustrate basic operationsof a real device and

provide important details


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o When reality is too small.o When reality is inaccessible

(past and futuristic events); andwhen distance is impossible to

bridge.o When reality is too dangerous

(like viewing an erupting


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o When reality is unreliable(weather and other climaticconditions).

o When reality is too abstract(space relationship,mathematics)


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o It may be more expensive thatextra care is needed.

o Some models which are too bigmay be difficult to handle for theactual lecture.

o If model are built to scale, it couldbe time consuming.

o It might distort some real objects.


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3. DIORAMA

The term diorama is of Greek origin which meansto see through.

Diorama is a three-dimensional representation ofevents, ideas or concepts against a scenicbackground.


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It is also known as ameaningful exhibit in

boxes or cases, whichare portable. It is aminiature scene inthree-dimensionaltreatment that ismeant to replicatereality and causestudents to thinkcreatively andaesthetically.


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A three dimensional

representation of events,ideas or concepts against a

scenic background. Are portable meaningful

exhibit in boxes or cases. A miniature scene in 3D

treatment that is meant to


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The case or stage.The painted background.The three-dimensional middleand foreground.

The figures, constructions, andmodeled objects that are placedin the case.


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Have intrinsicvalues.

Allows us tocompare pastand presentconditions.Help us make

connections to

Developsstudents

creativityCan beviewed,handled andexamined by

students.


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Demands a bigger

space in theclassroom in terms of

use and storage.Is generally

ex ensive


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4. PUPPETSPuppets are artificial figures whosemovements are controlled by a person.They are inanimate objects that aremanipulated so as to appear to be moving.The person who operates them is called apuppeteer .

Puppets are moved by hand or by strings,wires, or rods. Puppet figures are made torepresent a person, animal, plant, or an

object.


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A puppet can become the medium throughwhich the children express themselves,often in role-playing fashion. Puppets canassist the child in assuming the role of thecharacter that he is portraying.


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Types of Puppets 1. Shadow puppets

They are two-dimensional in nature, normallycontrolled by rods that are much thinner thanthe typical ones that are used to support therod puppet. This type of puppet makes use ofa translucent screen (rear-view screen) and alight source for its effective use.

2. Rod puppets

They are flat cut out figures tacked to a stick,with one or more movable parts, and operatedfrom below the stage level by wire rods orslender sticks.


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3. Hand puppets This type of puppet is made to slip overthe hand like a glove. The puppets headis operated by the forefinger of thepuppeteer, the little finger and thumb

being used to animate the puppet hands.

4. Glove-and-finger puppets

They make use of old gloves to whichsmall costumed figure are attached.


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5. Marionettes These puppets are suspended and

controlled by a number of strings, plussometimes a central rod attached to a controlbar held from above by the puppeteer. Thecontrol bar can be either a horizontal or vertical

one. Basic strings for operation are usuallyattached to the head, back, hands (to controlthe arms) and just above the knee (to controlthe legs). These are generally constructed ofwood with articulating joints that replicatethose of human beings.


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Advantages:

They boost active participation amongstudents.Stirring and attention gettingFascination of the inanimate objectsEnjoyable and spontaneous learningexperiencesStudents become more creative.


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Limitations:

It is time-consuming.

It is expensive.It demands extra effort.It can compete with the teacher.


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Principles in Choosing a PuppetPlay for Teaching

Do not use puppets for plays that can be done just as well or better by another dramatic means.Puppets play must be based on action ratherthan words.Keep the plays short to ensure success.Do not omit the possibilities of music anddancing as part of the puppet show.

Adapt the puppet show in all respects to youraudience.Do not hesitate to adapt the puppet play.


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5. RESOURCE PERSON

A resource person is someone invited totalk about something. He/she isexperienced or knowledgeable with and iscapable of sharing what he/she knows.. In the classroom, there are instanceswhen a teacher realizes that certain topicsare better taught when they are discussedwith the help of an expert


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When inviting and using a resourcespeaker, the following should be

considered:Engage the expert.Clarify the purposes of the visit.The subject is of educational relevance and value to thestudents in that class.The speaker (s) will not tend to disrupt the educationalprogram.The information to be discussed is appropriate to the ageand maturity of the students.Prepare the class.The teacher is to remain in the classroom throughout thepresentation in order to ensure appropriate follow-up.


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The following should be remembered inintroducing speakers:

1. Thoroughly prepare what you are going to say2. Follow the TIS formula:

T stands for topic or the exact title of the speakerstalk

stands for importance of the topic S stands for the speaker. It includes the speakers

outstanding qualifications, particularly those that relate tothe topic.

3. Announce the speakers name distinctly and clearly. 4. Be enthusiastic about the speaker.


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Things to remember when invitedas a Resource Speaker:

Restrict your subject to fit the time at your disposal. Arrange your ideas in sequence.Enumerate your points as you make them.

Compare the strange with the familiar.Turn in a fact into picture.

Avoid technical terms.Use the appropriate media.

Speak with contagious enthusiasm.Show respect and affection for your audience.Begin in a friendly way.


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When delivering the talk:

Crash thoroughly your shell of self-consciousness.Dont try to imitate others be yourself.Converse with your audience.Put your heart into your speaking.

Practice making your voice strong andflexible.


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Advantages:

Less preparation on the part of the teacher

Thorough discussion of the topicIt might add enthusiasm to the audience ifthe speaker is good.


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Limitations:

Hassle in searching for the suitablespeaker.It might confuse the audience if thespeaker is not good enough.Less enthusiasm from the audience if thespeaker is boring.


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References Bollough, Robert V. (1978). Creating Instructional Materials

2nd Edition. Charles E. Merrill Publishing Company, A Bell and Howell Company, Columbus, Ohio 43216.

Brown, James W.et.al. (1977). AV Instruction: Technology,Media, and Methods. McGraw-Hill, Inc.

Corpuz, Brenda et. al (2008). Educational Technology 1.Lorimar Publishing, Inc. 776 Aurora Blvd., cor.Boston Street, Cubao, Quezon City, Metro Manila.

Dale, Edgar (1954). Audio-Visual Methods in Teaching(revised). The Dryden Press, Inc., New York.

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