THINNING OF OZONE LAYER-FINAL

8/7/2019 THINNING OF OZONE LAYER-FINAL

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THINNING OF OZONE LAYERENVIRONMENT

MANAGEMENTPresented By:

Prerana Yadav

Rohan Mahabal

Vishal Oza

Prasad Shenai

Prajakta Toke

Guided By:

Prof. Brijesh Sharma


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1. Environment & Ozone Layer.2. Benefits Of Ozone Layer.

3. Reasons for depletion of Ozone Layer.

4. Harmful effects of Ozone Layer Depletion.

5. Preventive Measures, Current scenario & conclusion.


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Our Environment is our surrounding. This includes living

and non-living things around us. The non-living

components of environment are land, water and air.

The living components are germs, plants, animals and

people.

All plants and animals adjust to the environment in which

they are born and live. A charge in any component of

the environment ma cause discomfort and affect

Environment


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Ozone and Its Origin

Ozone , or Trioxygen (IUPAC name), is a triatomic molecule, consisting of three oxygen

atoms.

Ozone in the Earth's stratosphere is created by ultraviolet light striking oxygen molecules

containing two oxygen atoms (O2), splitting them into individual oxygen atoms (atomic

oxygen); the atomic oxygen then combines with unbroken O2 to create ozone, O3.

Ozone in the lower atmosphere is an air pollutant with harmful effects on the respiratorysystems of animals and will burn sensitive plants; however, the ozone layer in the upper

atmosphere is beneficial, preventing potentially damaging electromagnetic radiation from

reaching the Earth's surface.


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Atmosphere


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Ozone Layer The ozone layer was discove

red in 1913 by the French physicists Charles Fabry and Henri

Buisson.

The ozone layer sits in the stratosphere approximately 25km above the Earth.

It is made up of ozone gases that act like a blanket to stop too much UV radiation from the

sun entering the atmosphere.

This layer absorbs 9799% of the Suns high frequency ultraviolet light, which is damaging

to life on Earth.

As UV radiation hits the Ozone layer the ozone gas absorbs the radiation and turns it into

oxygen.

The Ozone layer prevents the harmful UV radiation entering the Earth, which is vital because

too much of these UV rays can cause cancer, cataracts and DNA damage.

Small amounts of ozone are constantly being made by the action of sunlight on oxygen. At

the same time, ozone is being broken down by natural and unnatural processes that lead

to ozone depletion. If this process is greater than the production of ozone then the ozone

layer becomes thinner and less effective.


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Benefits of Ozone Layer


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Umbrella of life

Protect us from Ultra Violet Rays of sun


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Powerful sterilizing agents in the world.

Ozone is five times more potent than molecular

Chlorine in destroying germs, bacteria, andviruses.

Doesnt have a strong, over powering odour .

Over 90% of all diseases, including the commoncold and the flu, are caused by water or airbornebacteria and viruses. Like chlorine, ozone killsmicroorganisms.


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The Native Americans, preferred fishing after astorm, a practice which still takes place today.

The explanation for this natural phenomenon isthat after an electric storm the upper layer ofwater in lakes and rivers is enriched with

diluted oxygen and therefore naturallyOzonated.

Once this layer of water is Ozonated, harmful

viruses responsible for many diseases in fishculture are destroyed, allowing for the healthierfish to be found in this upper layer of

healthier ozone-rich water.


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A good way to get oxygen into the body isthrough water.

Past tests have shown that consuming

oxygenated water increased the level of theoxygen in the blood.

When the blood supply has more oxygen

diseases have trouble growing.

Deoxygenated

Blood

OxygenatedBlood


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CAUSES OF OZONE DEPLETION

The cause of ozone depletion is due to the release of chemicals which contain chlorine andbromine such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere by human activity.

The most important compound, which accounts for almost 80% of the total depletion ofozone in the stratosphere are chlorofluorocarbons (CFC).

These compounds are very stable in the lower atmosphere of the Earth, but in thestratosphere, they break down to release a free chlorine atom due to ultraviolet radiation.

A free chlorine atom reacts with an ozone molecule (O3) and forms chlorine monoxide (ClO)and a molecule of oxygen.

Now chlorine monoxide reacts with an ozone molecule to form a chlorine atom and twomolecules of oxygen.

The free chlorine molecule again reacts with ozone to form chlorine monoxide.

The process continues and the result is the reduction or depletion of ozone in the stratosphere.


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HARMFUL EFFECTS OF

THINNING OF OZONE LAYER

ULTRAVIOLET RAYS


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SKIN CANCER

SUNBURNS

PREMATURE AGING


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CATARACTS OF EYES

Cataracts are when the lens of the eye becomescloudy.

20 million cases worldwide.

Account for half of blindness in the world.


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SUPPRESSION OF HUMAN

IMMUNE SYSTEM BY UVRADIATION

Increased incidence of infection.

Promotion of cancer growth.


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REDUCTION IN

PHYTOPLANKTON Phytoplankton obtain energy through the

process of photosynthesis and musttherefore live in the well-lit surface layer ofan ocean, sea, lake, or other body of water.Phytoplankton account for half of allphotosynthetic activity on Earth. Thusphytoplankton are responsible for much ofthe oxygen present in the Earth's atmosphere half of the total amount produced by allplant life.


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SKIN CANCER EPIDEMIC Skin Cancer is most commonly found in USA.

1 in 5 Americans will become afflicted.

New cases of Cancer coming up every year.

1 in 5 Americans will become afflicted.

Basal cell carcinoma most common, least aggressive, locally

destructive.

Squamous cell carcinoma

more aggressive, can metastasize.

Melanoma

most aggressive, ~75% of all skin cancer deaths.


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OTHER EFFECTS

Melting of Ice Bergs resulting in increase in oceanlevels.

Reduction total area of Land surface resulting inthreats to human beings and other plant andanimal species.

Damage to the DNA in various life-forms.

P ti f


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Preventive measure of ozonedepletion

Promotion of eco friendly nature.Use of infrared lasers.

Dumping of ethane or propane in to Antarctic

stratosphere.Montreal protocol treaty

Significant new alternative policy

programme(SNAP).EPAS( environmental performance assessment

system) partnership programme.


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Developing countries scenario

Overuse of ozone depleting substances bydeveloped countries.

Increasing pressure on developing countries..

Lack of technology and money.

Need of additional finance.

Interference of US in developing countries.


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THINNING OF OZONE LAYER-FINAL

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