INTRODUCTION

Every human being has the right of decent life, but today there are elements

in on environment that tend to militate against the attainment and enjoyment

of such a life the exacerbation of the pollution of environment can cause

untold misery, unhappiness and suffering to human beings crop up, simply

because of out lack of concern for the common good and the absence of

sense of reasonability and ethics for sustaining a balance eco-system. If we

are to aspire to a better quality of life one which will ensure freedom form

want, from disease itself then when must all joint hands to stem the

increasing codification of this earth) Minda, C.S. 1990).

Most current environment problem are essentially a result of people’s

activities and their attitude towards the environment. Now environment

education is the only effective short and long term instrument to bring about

only desired changes or modification of attitude and behavior of individuals

towards environment environmental education is a learning process that

increases students’ knowledge, awareness about the environment &

associated challenges, develops the necessary skills, foster attitude,

commitment to take decision and responsible actions so, environment

education must be integrated into the whole system of formal education at

various levels of school curriculum.

ENVIRONMENT

Environment means the surroundings, land water, air, plants, animals, solid

wastes and other things that are surrounding us constitute our environment.

Man and environment are closely intertwined with each other, to maintain a

balance or equilibrium in nature. Different groups of people working in

different areas express it in various ways. When physical scientists talk

about environment they generally refer to the physical environment that

comprises the three inter locking systems the atmosphere, the Hydrosphere

and the Lithosphere.

Biologists often refer to biological environment consisting of all living

organisms of the Biosphere Similarly social scientists refer to the social,

cultural, economic and organizational environment. Hence environment may

be defined as “the sum of all social, cultural, economical, biological,

physical and chemical factors surrounding the ‘man’ to given necessary

protection to him.”

Two types of environment we may come across. One is the natural

environment of the air, water, solid wastes, noise, radiation, soil, timber,

wildlife and living space etc. The second one is the man-made environment

that deals with work environment, housing, technology, aesthetics,

transportation, utilities, settlement, urbanization and so on.

These environmental components are considered as the resources and are

mostly exploited and utilized by the mean to fulfill their basic physical needs

they can be considered as the fellow members of the global econ-system

with which mean establish emotional, intellectual, or physical relationship

and these provide the basis for a sense of purpose of life to them.

Thus, man is firmly placed as an important part of the global ecosystem,

which depends on him much as her depends on it. Hence, there is a close

relationship between man and environment.

Environment Education

Environmental education (EE) refers to organized efforts to teach about how

natural environment function and particularly, how human being can

manage their behavior and ecosystem in order to live sustainably. The term

is often used to imply education within the school system, from primary to

post secondary. However, it is sometimes used more broadly to include all

efforts to educate the public and other audiences, including print materials,

websites, media campaigns, etc. related disciplines include outdoor

education and experiential education.

Environmental education is a learning process that increases people’s

knowledge and awareness about the environment and associated challenges,

develops the necessary skills and expert is to address the challenges, and

fosters, attitudes motivation, and commitments to make informed decision

and take responsible action (UNESCO, Thilisi Declaration, 1978)

Centre for environment education was established in August 1984 as a

centre of excellence supported by the ministry of environment and forests,

Government of India, CEF, a national institution with us headquarter in

Ahmedabad has a mandate to promote environmental awareness nationwide.

OBJECTIVE OF ENVIRONMENT EDUCATION

Development of educational teaching materials and aids in the formal

education sector.

To encourage non-government organizations, mass media and other

concerned organization for promotion awareness among the people at

all levels.

To promote environment education through existing

educational/scientific/research institutions.

To ensure training and manpower development in environment

education and to mobilize people awareness for the preservation and

conservation of environment.

Environmental policies and declaration

Public education and knowledge about the environment are the key factors

in any attempt to maintain a proper balance and ensure substable

development Recognizing the potential of Environment Education as an

effective instrument in preventing environmental crises and as an essential

elements of sustainable development, India Environmental Society has been

engaged in spearheading Environmental knowledge and Awareness from the

very beginning. IES has

Undertaken a few new projects on Environmental Educational and is also

continuing with some of the ongoing programmers.

a) Supreme Court on 22.11.1991 directed the state and other authorities

to create environmental awareness among the students through the

medium of education and ordered it to be strictly implemented under

the supervision of the state authorities. NCERT was directed to

prepare a model syllabus to be taught at different grades providing for

environmental awareness. The objective of the environmental

education is to enlighten the public, particularly students about the

importance of protection and conservation of our environment and the

need to restrain human acitivities which lead to indiscriminate release

of pollutant into the environment. The Supreme Court judgment in the

M.C. Mehta Vs Union of India case requires that the Govenmnet of

India and all the State Governments. Should include Environmental

Education in the curriculum of school and college. The ruling comes

into effect from 2004 and all educational institutions are required to

introduce environmental studies. Accoridng to Belgrade Charter

(1975) the aim of environmental education is “to develop an citizenry

which is aware of and concerned about the total environment and its

associated problems and that has the knowledge attitudes, motivation

commitment and the skills to work individually and collectively

towards solutions of current problem and prevention of the new ones.”

b) The National Policy on Education (1986) stated that protection of the

environment is a value, which must from an integral part of

curriculum at all stages of education, according to Louis Vernal – The

Ministry of Environment and Forest has formulated the policy to

create awareness among all section of society through national

environment awareness campaigns, setting up of paryavaran Vahinsis,

eco-clubs, production of audiovisual and print materials, exhibitions

etc many Non-Government Organizations, educational organizations

and social organizations are actively involved in this programmee

through padayatras, rallies, public mettings, exhibitions, flok dances,

street plays, seminar and competitions etc.

c) CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL

ISSUES

Within five years of the Stockholm Conference, India amended its

consititutional as a constitutional obligation, Article 48A lays down.

“The state shall endeyor to protect and improve the environment and

to safeguard the forest and wildlife of the country.”

“It shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the

natural environment including forests, lakes, river and wildlife and to have

compassion for living creatures.”

Soon after the Stockholm conference, India setup a National Committee on

Environment Planning and Coordination (NCEPC). This committee was

concerned with issues relating to appraisal of development projects, human

settlements planning. Survey of eco-system, like wetland and spread of

environment education. In 1980, Government of India appointed Tiwari

Committee to make recommendation on environmental issues. The

committee recommended the following:

1. Comphensive reviews and reformation of some Central and State Acts

(such as the Insecticides Act, 1968), the Water (Prevention and

Control of Pollution) Act, 1974; and the forest Act, (1927).

2. New Legislation for Areas of action not covered by the present laws

(such as those concerning toxic substances.

3. The introduction of “Environment Protection” in the Concurrent List

of the Seventh Schedule.

The committee inter alia recommended for the establishment of

separate Departemnt of Environment. Accepting the

recommendations, Department of Environment was set up on

November 1, 1980 by the government, assigning it the following

functions:

1. To act as nodal agency for environmental protection and eco-

development in the country.

2. To carry out environmental appraisal of development project through

other ministries/agencies as well as directly.

3. To have administrative responsibility for:

A. Pollution monitoring and regulation.

B. Conservation of critical eco-system designated as Biosphere

Reserves.

C. Conservation of marine eco-system.

The NCEPC was replaced by a National Committee on Environment

Planning with the following functions:

a) Preparation of an annual “State of Environment Report” for the

country.

b) Establishing an Environmental Information and Communication

System to propagate environmental awareness through and

Communication system to propagate environmental awareness

through the mass media.

c) To sponsor environmental research.

Arranging public hearings or conferences on issues of environmental

concerns.

Environmental protection Enactments and Environment Protection Act,

1986; At the Stockholm Conferences, the then Prime Minister, Mrs. Indira

Gandhi said “….extreme from in which questions of population or

environmental pollution are posed, obscure the total view of political,

economics and social situations….. it is said that in country after country,

progress should become synonymous with an assault on nature…… Among

the rest of making, we in India – inspire of Ashoka have been guilty of

wanton disregard for the courses of our sustenance.”

India also embarked on several legisintive measures for the protection of

environment and for minting ecological balance, These were. The water Air

(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. These enactinents were

amended from time to time to make them more effective.

Another significant step was setting up of independent Ministry of

Environment and Forest at the Central Government Level in 1985. Till

1980’s emphasis seems to have been chiefly to prevent and control

pollution. In 1986 the Government of India passed a comprehensive

Environment Protection , Act. 1986 as an after math of Bhopal tragedy of

1984 to cover many aspect other than prevention and control of pollution

given below. The Environment Protection Act. (1986) was passed for the

protection of substances, speedy response in the event of accidents

threatening environment and deferent punishment to those who endanger

human environment, safety and health.

The seventh Plan lay down well defined strategy for environment protection.

This strategy is the result of realization that environment and natural

resources represent the most fundamental building block for natural

development and social well being. The main components in this regard to

environment protection are:

a) Pollution monitoring and control

b) Environmental impact assessment

c) Resource Conservation

d) Eco-development

e) Environmental Research promotion.

f) Environmental education, training and awareness.

g) Environmental information

h) Co-ordianation and liaison with State government/Union Territories

i) Environment policy and law.

j) International co-operation.

k) Strengthening of the organization structure.

Eighth year Plan further strengthened the Environmental policies. In the

Eight Plan allocation of funds for the protection of environment were

increased and a state wise allocation was formulated.

The Government of India set up a cell to ensure effective implementation of

anti-pollution measures and measures for protection of environment. India

embarked in a big way inh the direction of protection of environment in

launching new programmes. Noteworthy are the project for cleaning of

Ganga and Yamuna India has embarked on the project of forestation. India

became signatory to Earth Summit 1992.

World environment day

World Environment Day (WED) is celebrated every year on 5th June to raise

global awareness of the need to take positive environment action. It is run by

the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). It was the day that

united Nations Conference on the Human Environment began. The united

Nations Conference on the Human Environment was for 5-16 June 1972. It

was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972. The first

World Environment Day was in 1973. World Environment day is hosted

every year by a different city with a different theme and is commemorated

with an international exposition in the week of 5 June. World Environment

day is in spring in the Northern Homisphere and fall in the southern

Hemisphere.

“Stockholm was with a doubt the land mark event in the growth of

International environmentalism.” Writes John McCormick in the book

Reclaiming ?Paradise. “It was the first occasion on which the political social

and economic problems of the global environment were discussed at an

intergovernmental forum with a view to actually taking corrective action.”

Theme 2012

Green Economy: Brazil Named Global Host of World Environment Day

2012 Nairobi (Kenya), 22 Februrary 2012. The UNEP today announced that

Brazil, with one of the fastest growitn economies in the world, will host

World environment Day 2012 (WED) on 5 June. This year’s theme ‘Green

Economy; invites everyone to both assess where the Green Economy fits in

their daily lives and evaluate whether development through these pathways

towards a Green Economy can deliver the kinds of social economic and

environmental outcomes need in a world of seven billion people, climbing to

over nine billion in 2050. Brazil had previously hosted WEB in 1992, on the

eve of the first Earth Summit, when world leaders, government officials and

international organizations met to refocus, recalibrate and deliver a route

map towards sustainable development.

“In celebrating Web in Brazil in 2012, we are returning to the roots of

contemporary sustainable development in order to forge a nw path that

reflects the reliaties but also the oppo9rtunities of a new centure,” said

Achim steiner, Un Under-Secretary General and UNEP Exectuve Director.

“Three weeks after web, Brazil will hot Rio-20 where world leaders and

nationsl will gather in order to design a future that takes sustainable

development from theory and pathchy success to the locomotive of

transformational change a pathway that can grow economics and generate

decent jobs without pushing the globe past planetary boundaries,” he added.

According to UNEP’s Towards a Green Economy: Pathway to Sustainable

Development and Poverty Eradication, the Country is also at the forefront of

building an economy that includes recycling and renewable energy and the

generation of green jobs. Brazil’s recycling industry generates returns of

US$2 billion a year while cutting greenhouse gas emission by 10 million

tones. Recyling in all its forms arelady employs 12 million people in three

countries alon; Brazil, China and the United States.

Theme 2011

Forests- Nature At your Services-cover one third of the earth’s land mass

performing vital function and services around the world which make our

planet alive with possibilities. In fact, 1.6 billion people depend on forests

for their livelihoods. They play a key role in our battle against climate

change, releasing oxyen into the atmosphere while storing carbon dioxide.

Thousand of activities were organized worldwide, with beach clean-ups,

concerts exhibits, film festivals community events and much more. This

year’s global host, India, is a country of wide biodiversity.

Theme 2010

‘Many Species. One Planet One Future, was the theme of 2010. It celebrated

the diversity of life on Earth as part of the 2010 International year of

biodiversity. This year’s global host, Rawanda- a country of exceptional

biodiversity that has made huge strides on environmental protection lead the

celebrations with three days huge strides on environmental protection lead

the celebrations with three days of keynote events. Thousand of activites

were organized worldwide, with beach clean-ups, concerts, exhibits, film

festivals, community event and much more.

Theme 2009

The theme for Web 2009 was Your Planet Needs You Unite to combat

Climate change. It reflected the urgency for nations to agree on a new deal

at the crucial climate conventions meeting in Copenhagen some 180 days

later in the year and the links with overcoming poverty and improved

management of forests WEB 2009’s host was Mexico which reflected the

growing role of the Latin American country in the fight against climate

change including its growing participation in the carbon markets. Mexico is,

also a leading partner in UNEP’s Billion Tree Campaign. The Country with

the support of its President and people has spearheaded the pledging and

planting of some 25 percent of the trees under the complain. Accounting for

around 1.5 per cent of global greenhouse gas emission, the country is

demonstrating its commitment to climate change on several fronts. Mexican

President Felipe Calderon stated that the WEB celebration will “further

underline Mexico’s determination to manage natural resources and deal with

the most demanding challenge of the 21st Century climate change.”

Pittsburg, was selected as the North American host city by the Unep to join

world environment Day-2010. The theme of this year was “Many species.

One Planet, One Future.” Highlighting theme “Biodiversity-Ecosystem

Management and the Green Economy.”

Theme 2008

The host for world Environment Day 2008 was New Zealand, with the main

international celebrations sechdule for Wellington. The slogan for 2008 was

“Co2, Kick the Habit ! Towards a low Carbon Economy.” New Zealand was

one of the first countries to pledge to achieve carbon neutrality, and will also

focus on forest management as a tool for reducing greenhouse gases.

Activities based around the event have been planned in the wellington region

between 28 day and 13 June. Volunteers appeared around the Auckland

region between 28 day and 13 June. Volunteers appeared around the

Auckland region in New Zealand on Wrold Environment Day 2008. These

volunteers were locted primarily at Major transport hubs (such as train

stations) and advertised world Environment Day, as well as handing out eco-

friendly products such as eco-friendly light bulbs and eco friendly shopping

bags. Volunteers at public transport hubs also handed out stickers with the

slogan I’m reducing my carbon footprint ! World Environment Day,

Thurday 5 June 2008 as well as providing free entertainment as an act of

gratitude to public transport users. A website has been setup by the ministry

of education to support in-school initiatives. In encourages school pupils to

make short term and longer term pledges to minimize emissions. The list of

pledges can be found on a typical school profile’s page. The Chicago

Botanic Garden served as the North American host for world Environment

Day on 5 June 2008. The daylong celebration featured netivities for

everyone in the family along with presentation by local and national

organizations in the nears of food shelter energy, education, transportation,

and public awareness.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

In 1987, the United Nations released the Brundeland report, which included

what is now one of the most widely recognized definations “Sustainable

development is development that meets the need of the present without

compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”

“The united Nations 2005 world Summit outcome Documents refers to the

interdependent and mutually reinforcing pillars” of sustainable development

as economic development, social development, and environmental

protection,Based on the triple bottom line, numerous sustainability standars

and certification system have been established in recent year, in particular in

the foods industry. Well known stardards include organic, Rainforest

alliance fair trade, UTZ certified, Bird friendly and The Common Code for

the Coffee Community. Indigenous people have argued, through various

international forums such as the United Nations Permanet forum on

Indigenous issues and the Convention on Bilogical Diversity, that there are

four pillars of sustainable development, the foruth being cultural. The

Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity (Unesco, 2001) further

elaborates the concept by stating that “….Cultural diversity is as necessary

for humankind as biodiversity is for nature”, It becomes “one of the roots of

development understood not simply in terms of economic growth but also as

a means to achieve a more satisfactory intellectual emotional moral and

spiritual existence” In this vision, cultural diversity is the fourth policy area

of sustainable development.

Some Meaures taken by India Government to Check Environmental

Pollution

1. Environment Courts: Special Courts are being set up to ensure

speedy justice of the poor against factories that pollute the

Environment.

2. Environment Friendly Product: The government is setting stringent

standards for all products in the market. Those, which meet these

standards of production and performance will be given the label of

excellence like ISI mark.

3. Unleading of Petrol: Refineries are being persuaded to make their

petrol load free. India Petrol has the highest lead content, which

creates major pollution through automobiles.

4. Ban on Harmful Pesticides: Eight Chemical pesticides, of which

DDT, BHC Aldrinand Marathion are the main culprits have been

isolated. These are now plans to replace with safe bio-pesticides.

5. National Waste Management Council: The main task is to convert

40 million tones of fly-ash, that lie as a mountain near thermal power

plants into bricks, city garbage into energy and sewage into fertilizer.

6. Public Liability Insurance: This makes it mandatory for all

companies to take out a public liability insurance to be paid in 48

hours.

7. Pollution by Motor Vehicles: Anti-pollution measures against motor

vehicles are being strictly enforced. Vehicles not adhering to the

standards prescribed are fined heavily and may even be asked to be

off the road.

8. Hotel Near Sea Shore: Action has been taken against a large number

of hotels which encroach beaches in fragrant violation of laws.

9. National River Action Plan: The proposal is to set up a National

river authority which will plan policy for water use and waste

management at the national level.

10. Solar Energy Commission: Since the energy sector is the major

polluter, the idea is to create decentralized energy at the village level,

instead of multiplying the mainstream producer.

11. No Smoking in Public Places. The Delhi government has taken has a

lead in this direction.

ENVIRONMENTAL KNOWLEDGE AND ETHICS

Knowledge is a precondition for environmental awareness to ignite in

individuals. It is the students’ ability to understand and evaluate the impact

of a society on the ecosystem. Rational actions toward the environment are

the translation of knowledge that individuals have. High level of knowledge

on the environment will create positive attitude towards the environment

belief and fellings that individual have for the environment. Knowledge

increase awareness which combination would motivate environmentally

responsible actions. Environmental knowledge is not a series of separate

issues but rather than that an area of knowledge. A holistic approach will

offer a better understanding of environmental knowledge. A holistic

approach views the relations between different part as a pattern, knowledge

is a key concept in this research. It is important from an educational

perspective to understand the formation of knowledge in students. It is

important to ascertain how student think about the environment and how

they develop environmental knowledge.

Environmental knowledge involves learning about the natural systems that

sustain life and how those systems are affected by human activity.

Environmental knowledge raises public awareness of the environmental

consequences of our actions. During the last decades the trend for

environmental protection has expanded in various areas. Including the realm

of education. The underlying assumptions of this inclusion are:-

a) If people are aware of the need for and the ways of protecting the

environment they will act to preserve it.

b) Snoors sound assume responsibility for educating about

environmental protection.

c) Environmental education (EE) can be effective as a part of a school

curriculum.

It is becoming evident to all agents involved in EE that the significance of

the old idea of building upon the prior knowledge and experience of each

student acquires new meaning in the contexst of EE (Paraskevopoulos et.,

1998).

Scientitis like Rachol Carson and the environmentalists who led

philosophers to consider the philosophical aspect of environmental

problems, as a branch of environmental philosophy. Environmental ethics

refers to the responsibility to understand the environmental consequences of

our consumption and need to recognize our individual and social

responsibility to conserve natural resources & protect the earth for future

generations. Environmental ethics is a branch of environemtal philosophy

that studies and ethical relationship between human beings and the

environment. Environmental ethics believe in the ethical relationship

between human beings & the natural environment. It is concerned with the

dos and don’t of the human being to the environment. It deals with

ecological right of all creatures present today as well as those that will

follow on the earth. Environmental ethics has given a new dimension to the

conversation of natural resources.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS

An Environmental problems arises whenever there is a change in the quality

or quantify of any environmental factor which directly or indirectly affects

the health and well being of man in an adverse manner. Environmental

problem can be studied from two different viewpoints. One is simply to look

for adverse effect with regard to their origin in order to detect rends that call

for further investigation the other is to try to understand the cause and effect

relationship. Which make better prediction and proper management possible.

Both natural and man-made lakes have suffered from cutrophication. In

lakes receiving nitrogen and phosphorus compounds and other agricultural

fertilizers, unprecedented blooms of alage have occurred. The alge

themsevel can spoil water quality and recreational conditions. When they

dies and decay, the oxygen demand may exceed the supply with resultant

fish kills. The average oxygen content of some fresh water bodies has

decreased very markedly in historic time. The effects of added nutrients on

marine life are not well known but there may be particularly important

synergistic effects, for example, if the oxidation of oil in the sea is

biologically controlled. Fertilization of the seas may enhance the production

of directly economically valuable species. Because eutrophication is

primarily a local problem, it has not been included in the global environment

monitoring system.

The availability to man of freshwater of high quality is becoming an acute

problem is many countries. Water requirements countinue to increases with

the growth of populations and living standards and the expansion of

agriculture and industry. Water is needed for power generation irrigation,

navigation and community water supply. Often it is drawn from international

rivers or lakes and in many instances international co-oepation is neede in

the allocation of water and technical aspects of water resource development

projects. The availability of ground water is most often a local problem but it

has international implications in relation to the general effect which a

depletion of ground water may have within a larger region.

Although natural disasters constitute a very important environmental

problem. It is not pertinent to include a programme directly related to natural

disaster monitoring or warming within the global environmental monitoring

system. It is appropriate however, that the system should provide assistance

in reporting phenomena that relate to natural disasters.

Most current environment are essentiality a result of people’s activities and

their attitude towards the environment. Now environment education is the

only effective short and long term instrument to bring about only desired

changes or modification of attitude and behavior of individuals toward

environment. Environmental education is a learning process that increases

students knowledge awareness about the environment & associated

challenges, develops the necessary skills, forster attude commitment to take

decisions and responsible actions, So environmental education must be

integrated into the whole system of formal education at various levels of

school curriculum. A central feature of many program is finding solutions to

environmental problems, because these problems typically affect a number

of parties, there are often conflicting demands for solutions.

Adjusting the relationship between humans and nature is one of the most

fundamental issue we face and must deal with today. With the increasing

deterioration of ecological system on which human being rely and the

aggravation of the environmental crisis, human beings have realized that we

cannot relay on economic and judicial method alone to solve the problems of

environmental pollution and ecological imbalances, we must also appeal to

human being limitless internal ethical resources. Only after we have adopted

an appropriate attitude towards nature and have established a new ethical

relationship between human beings and nature will we be able to love and

respect nature automatically as well as conscientiously and only with the

guidance of such love as respect can we successfully deal with the issues of

environmental pollution and ecological imbalances.

Justification of t study

Over recent decades, global problems relating to degradation of natural

resource and pollution have increase dreamily. Natural resources are

depleted of river areas, soil depletion and loss of biodiversity, are some of

the problem that have become a major concern. Air and water pollution have

reached such levels that have already resulted in serious health problems, as

well as negative impact on the environment, and inevitably invludicing

prospects for long term economic growth. Awareness is essential to solve

these problems. On the other hand, without a positive attitude towards

environmental education as subject, our Secondary school will not be able to

motivate our future generation to take environment related problems as

challenge. That’s why the present venture had been made in this direction to

study the environmental awareness and attitude of Secondary School

Students towards Environmental Issues.

STATEMENT OF THE TOPIC

A study of Attitude of Secondary School Students Towards Environmental

Issues.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF THE TERM USED

Attitude:-

1. “Attitude denotes the sum total of man’s inclination and feels,

prejudice biosphere conceived, notion, ideas, fears threat about any

specific topic.”

2. An Attitude can be defined as a enduring organization of motivational

emotional, perceptual and cognitive process with respect to some

aspect to the individuals world”

Secondary School Students:-

1. A Secondary School is a school which provides Secondary Education,

between the ages of 11 and 16 or 11 and 18 after primary school and before

higher education.

2. In India high school is a grade of education from Standards is IX to X

standards IN and X are also called Secondary school usually students from

ages 14 to 17 study in this section

Environmental Issues:

1. Environmental Issues are harmful effects of human activity on the

biophysical environment. Environmentalism is a social and environmental

movement addressed Environmental Issues through advocacy education and

activism.

2. Environmental Issues are defined as problems with the planet's system

(air, water, soil etc.), that have developed as a result of human interference

or mistreatment of

Objectives of the Study

1. To study the attitude of Secondary School Students towards

Environmental Issues.

2. To study the Attitude of Rural & Urban Secondary Schools students

towards Environmental Issue.

3. To study the Attitude of male & female: secondary school students

towards

DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

1. The study will be delimited to the only one district of Haryana named

Yamunanagar.

2. A Sample of 100 students will be taken for the present study.

3. Study is delimited to the Secondary School Students.

The survey of related literature plays a vital role in the field of research. It is

like light house in the sea, which guides the path of the sailing ships.

Without reviewing the related literature, it is very difficult to select a

problem. It is critical aspect in the planning of a new study. Reviewing the

related literature is a time consuming, process but is very essential. It is

always helpful for an investigator to study the literature to the problem,

which he/she is going to study. The study of the related literature gives

certain guidance regarding what are the sources of illumination for an

investigator in avoiding duplication of work, but it also provides the

knowledge regarding the research method, techniques, devices used for data

collection and drawing conclusion. It helps to understand how data should

he analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively and how generalization should

be given.

Best, J.M. (2005) writes that a familiarity with area helps the students to

discover what is already known and problem remain to be solved. So, in the

way whole study of doing research becomes clear through related literature.

2.1 IMPORTANCE OF LITERATURE REVIEW

The literature in any field forms the foundation upon which all future wort:

will suit (Walter, R. Bory).

The literature review performs a number of important functions:

It demonstrates to a Ph.D. committee that the student has read a large

amount of statistical literature to prove that the student is aware of the

wide range Of research In theory and methodology related to the

proposed research topic.

It provides proof to a Ph.D. committee that the student has an deep

undeistandiny (tithe published statistical research related to the topic

of the dissertation.

The survey of related literature plays a vital role in the field of research. It is

like lighthouse in the sea, which guides the path of the sailing ships. Without

reviewing the related literature, it is very difficult to select a problem. It is

critical aspect in the planning of a new study. Reviewing the related

literature is a time consuming process but is very essential. It is always

helpful for an investigator to study the literature to the problem, which

he/she is going to study. The study of the related literature gives certain

guidance regarding what are the sources of illumination for investigator in

avoiding duplication of work, but it also provides the knowledge regarding

the research method, techniques, devices used for data collection and

drawing conclusion. It helps hi understand how data should analyzed

qualitatively and qualitatively and how generalization should be given.

Bes, J.M. (2005)