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Thermodynamics: Lecture 1
Sai Jagan Mohan, Department of Mechanical Engineering
13th January, 2015
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Thermodynamics
Introduce public education with
moderation, avoiding bloodshed if
possible- Saltykov-Shchedrin
What do we want to do? Ans:Understand the properties of materials
Attempt via a Microscopic picture
We need to keep track of an enormous number ofmolecules (∼Avagadro’s number)
The situation gets quite complicated :( :(: for mostproblems of importance.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Thermodynamics
Introduce public education with
moderation, avoiding bloodshed if
possible- Saltykov-Shchedrin
What do we want to do? Ans:Understand the properties of materials
Attempt via a Microscopic picture
We need to keep track of an enormous number ofmolecules (∼Avagadro’s number)
The situation gets quite complicated :( :(: for mostproblems of importance.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Thermodynamics
Introduce public education with
moderation, avoiding bloodshed if
possible- Saltykov-Shchedrin
What do we want to do? Ans:Understand the properties of materials
Attempt via a Microscopic picture
We need to keep track of an enormous number ofmolecules (∼Avagadro’s number)
The situation gets quite complicated :( :(: for mostproblems of importance.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Thermodynamics
Introduce public education with
moderation, avoiding bloodshed if
possible- Saltykov-Shchedrin
What do we want to do? Ans:Understand the properties of materials
Attempt via a Microscopic picture
We need to keep track of an enormous number ofmolecules (∼Avagadro’s number)
The situation gets quite complicated :( :(: for mostproblems of importance.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Thermodynamics
Introduce public education with
moderation, avoiding bloodshed if
possible- Saltykov-Shchedrin
What do we want to do? Ans:Understand the properties of materials
Attempt via a Microscopic picture
We need to keep track of an enormous number ofmolecules (∼Avagadro’s number)
The situation gets quite complicated :( :(: for mostproblems of importance.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Thermodynamics
Introduce public education with
moderation, avoiding bloodshed if
possible- Saltykov-Shchedrin
What do we want to do? Ans:Understand the properties of materials
Attempt via a Microscopic picture
We need to keep track of an enormous number ofmolecules (∼Avagadro’s number)
The situation gets quite complicated :( :(: for mostproblems of importance.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Thermodynamics
Introduce public education with
moderation, avoiding bloodshed if
possible- Saltykov-Shchedrin
What do we want to do? Ans:Understand the properties of materials
Attempt via a Microscopic picture
We need to keep track of an enormous number ofmolecules (∼Avagadro’s number)
The situation gets quite complicated :( :(: for mostproblems of importance.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Thermodynamics
Introduce public education with
moderation, avoiding bloodshed if
possible- Saltykov-Shchedrin
What do we want to do? Ans:Understand the properties of materials
Attempt via a Microscopic picture
We need to keep track of an enormous number ofmolecules (∼Avagadro’s number)
The situation gets quite complicated :( :(: for mostproblems of importance.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Thermodynamics
Grand Question: What do I do now? Do
I have options?
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Thermodynamics
Grand Question: What do I do now? Do
I have options?
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
Simulation of a Complicated Situation
Please tell me your strategy, that will
help your friend gain some precious time.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
Simulation of a Complicated Situation
Please tell me your strategy, that will
help your friend gain some precious time.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
Summary of Strategy
Venture boldly with an intelligent guess.
Discover laws.
Laws can never be proved to be right,
they can only be proved to be wrong.
This bold leap combined with clever
reasoning can spring a few pleasant
surprises.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
Summary of Strategy
Venture boldly with an intelligent guess.
Discover laws.
Laws can never be proved to be right,
they can only be proved to be wrong.
This bold leap combined with clever
reasoning can spring a few pleasant
surprises.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
Summary of Strategy
Venture boldly with an intelligent guess.
Discover laws.
Laws can never be proved to be right,
they can only be proved to be wrong.
This bold leap combined with clever
reasoning can spring a few pleasant
surprises.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
Summary of Strategy
Venture boldly with an intelligent guess.
Discover laws.
Laws can never be proved to be right,
they can only be proved to be wrong.
This bold leap combined with clever
reasoning can spring a few pleasant
surprises.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
Example: Dimensional Analysis
Law: The formulae of physics are
independent of dimension.
Clever reasoning is required to realize
the restriction imposed by this Law of
Physics. This (restriction) is often useful
in a complex situation.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
Example: Dimensional Analysis
Law: The formulae of physics are
independent of dimension.
Clever reasoning is required to realize
the restriction imposed by this Law of
Physics. This (restriction) is often useful
in a complex situation.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
Example: Dimensional Analysis
Law: The formulae of physics are
independent of dimension.
Clever reasoning is required to realize
the restriction imposed by this Law of
Physics. This (restriction) is often useful
in a complex situation.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
Guess + Reasoning=?
Thermodynamics: The remarkableguesses of Mr Sadi Carnot and his finereasoning.
The restrictions posed by the two laws ofthermodynamics leads to astonishing relations betweenthe properties of matter.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
Guess + Reasoning=?
Thermodynamics: The remarkableguesses of Mr Sadi Carnot and his finereasoning.
The restrictions posed by the two laws ofthermodynamics leads to astonishing relations betweenthe properties of matter.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Macroscopic Thermodynamics
The determination of the relationships
among the various properties of materials
without knowing their internal structure
is the subject of Thermodynamics
- Prof R P Feynman.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Macroscopic Thermodynamics
The determination of the relationships
among the various properties of materials
without knowing their internal structure
is the subject of Thermodynamics
- Prof R P Feynman.
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Macroscopic Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is the study of the
restrictions on the possible properties of
matter that follow from the symmetry
properties of the fundamental laws of
Physics
Herbert Callen
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Macroscopic Thermodynamics
Thermodynamics is the study of the
restrictions on the possible properties of
matter that follow from the symmetry
properties of the fundamental laws of
Physics
Herbert Callen
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Macroscopic Thermodynamics:
Examples
For ideal gases Cp(T ) − Cv(T ) = R .
U(T ) for an ideal gas.
During Phase transformations (Clausius
Clapeyron equation)
L
T (VG − VL)=
(∂Pvap
∂T
)
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Macroscopic Thermodynamics:
Examples
For ideal gases Cp(T ) − Cv(T ) = R .
U(T ) for an ideal gas.
During Phase transformations (Clausius
Clapeyron equation)
L
T (VG − VL)=
(∂Pvap
∂T
)
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Macroscopic Thermodynamics:
Examples
Relation for Joule Thompson Expansion
µ =
(∂T
∂P
)h
=1
cp
[T
(∂v
∂T
)P
− v
]
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science
The Role of Macroscopic Thermodynamics:
Examples
Relation for Joule Thompson Expansion
µ =
(∂T
∂P
)h
=1
cp
[T
(∂v
∂T
)P
− v
]
BITSx F111: Thermodynamics Birla Institute of Technology & Science