Thermo-ceramics.Thermo-ceramics. Refractory Material – able to withstand great Refractory Material – able to withstand great tempratures >1100tempratures >1100ooCC

have a structure which gives them great hardness have a structure which gives them great hardness and stability at very high temperaturesand stability at very high temperatures

Silicon nitride - little brittle - turbine bladesSilicon nitride - little brittle - turbine blades

High end skateboard bearings High end skateboard bearings

Corrosion resistance bearingsCorrosion resistance bearings

Metal Cutting and automotive partsMetal Cutting and automotive parts

CermetsCermets

Thermo-ceramics and cermets are made by sintering Thermo-ceramics and cermets are made by sintering finely powdered oxides.finely powdered oxides.

Tipping cutting equipment Tipping cutting equipment

Piezo-electric actuatorsPiezo-electric actuators

Piezo-electric crystals - actuators delivering high Piezo-electric crystals - actuators delivering high voltage spark as used in gas oven and BBQ lightersvoltage spark as used in gas oven and BBQ lighters

Piezo-electric Piezo-electric crystalscrystals act as transducers by applying act as transducers by applying a voltage across the crystal.a voltage across the crystal.

The crystal will change shape enough to drive small The crystal will change shape enough to drive small speakers, eg speakers, eg musicalmusical

greetingsgreetings cardcard, beeper in a digital watch., beeper in a digital watch.

New materials as used in the computer and New materials as used in the computer and electronics industry.electronics industry.

Development of silicon as a semi-conductor used Development of silicon as a semi-conductor used in Integrated Circuits in Integrated Circuits

silicon chip and miniaturisationsilicon chip and miniaturisation

Optical fibres are used to transfer vast amounts of Optical fibres are used to transfer vast amounts of data efficiently by encoding and decoding light data efficiently by encoding and decoding light signalssignals

LCD displays have led to slimmer and smaller LCD displays have led to slimmer and smaller laptop and palmtop computers.laptop and palmtop computers.

Smart composites.Smart composites.

Piezo ElectricsShape Memory Alloys

Electrorheological - magnetorheological

Optical Fibres