THEA Skill #4THEA Skill #4THEA Skill #4THEA Skill #4

Idea RelationshipsIdea Relationships

oror

Author’s Writing Author’s Writing PatternsPatterns

Writing patterns

the manner in which the author organizes his or her

information.

6 types of questions • Sequence Pattern• List pattern• Compare-Contrast Pattern• Cause – Effect Pattern• Definition / example pattern• Drawing Conclusions

• Sequence Pattern- The ideas presented by the author must be in order. (time)

• List Pattern -In this pattern, the author organizes his/her information by making a list.

This list need not be in any order. (addition)

• Definition Pattern -In this pattern, the author defines a particular term, idea, or concept. (illustration )

• Cause – Effect Pattern -The author explains the reason why something happened or the results of something. (the cause happens first!)

• Compare-Contrast Pattern -This pattern shows how two things are alike (compare) and how they are different (contrast), or both.

»70 (pg. 300)»80 (pg. 252)»90 (pg 258)

Key Words that help

List Pattern• Often the author writes about characteristics, elements, features, types, and ways ; the author may also use letters (a, b, c) or bullets to list information

Cause EffectWhy? resultsReason consequencesExplanation affects

Cause/Effect Pattern

Compare-Contrast Pattern

• Comparison: how 2 things are alike• Contrast: how they are different

Many students find it difficult to make the transition from high school to college. In high school, teachers often treat students like children. For instance, teachers may require homework to be done in a certain color ink, or they may call parents when children misbehave. On the other hand, college teachers treat students as adults. No one other than the students themselves is expected to take responsibility for learning. Also, adjusting to greater independence can be a challenge for many college freshmen. Students in high school usually live at home. In college, however, many students live on their own and have no one to answer to or depend on but themselves.

Neckties and collars cause vision problems. This is the conclusion of several researchers who conducted a university study. They suspected that tight ties and collars could harm sight by cutting down the blood supply to the retina. So they gave eye tests to men wearing both loose and tight ties and collars. The test showed that their suspicions were correct- men could see better with loose ties.

Events leading to alcohol abuse in the United States took place in the 18th century. At that time, developments in agriculture had caused a surplus of grain. Farmers in the Midwest wanted to sell their surplus grain on the East Coast, which was more heavily populated. The cheapest way to do this was to transport the grain in the form of whiskey. As a result, whiskey production rose. And the increase in whiskey led to an increase in its use. Before long, alcohol consumption in the country rose to alarming proportions.

About 5% of all babies born alive, or 175,000 babies per year, have a significant defect. Such birth defects account for about 15% of deaths among newborns. Recall from the genetics chapters that birth defects may be caused by genetic as well a environmental factors, or by a combination of the two.

According to the selection, which of the following is a result of birth defects?

a. Fifteen percent of newborns die

b. Five percent of babies born alive have significant birth defects

c. Poor social development results.

Assignment• 90 (pg 261-264)• 80 (pg 255-258)• 70 (290,303-304

Yes, with notes

Skill #4, continuedSkill #4, continuedSkill #4, continuedSkill #4, continued

Drawing ConclusionsDrawing Conclusions

Making InferencesMaking Inferences

Making inferences or Drawing Conclusions

• Means discovering ideas in writing that are not stated directly.

• Use hints and clues from the passage to “read between the lines”

Always make sure to underline the hint or clue that gave you your answer.

If you have nothing to underline, your

answer is wrong!All answers must be based on what

was in the passage!!

Based on what you read, what do you know is true?

Around 1770, William Addis was put in jail for causing a riot. While in prison, he at first brushed his teeth as everyone else did then- he rubbed them with a rag. Addis decided, however, that the method could be improved. So he proceeded to make tiny holes in a small bone he had saved from a meal. Then he got some stiff bristles from a guard. He cut the bristles, tied them in tufts, glued them at one end, and then squeezed the tufts into the holes on the bone.

What did Addis invent?

Among the heroes of history are animals. One was a canary named Bibs. Bibs was the pet of an elderly woman, Tess, who lived alone. Tess’s niece lived nearby. One day the niece heard a tapping at her window and discovered Bibs. The niece quickly went to her aunt’s house and found Tess had struck her head on something and fallen over. Bibs died after alerting the niece.

What do you know is true?A. Bibs knew where the niece lived.B. Bibs was always kept in a cage.C. Bibs was never caged.

Assignment• 70 (Review Tests 2 and 3) pages 322-

325• 80 (Mastery Tests 1 and 2) pgs 327-330• 90 (Mastery Tests 1 and 2) pgs 331-334