The Young Republic: The Early Years

The Young Republic Test Date: ________________

The Early Nation Homework Directions: Answer the following questions using your book and brains.

1. How did the Judiciary Act of 1789 help the formation of the Judicial System?

2. Who was Alexander Hamilton and list 3 things he did during the formation of our nation?

3. What three people and positions made up the first cabinet?

4. How did Hamilton and Jefferson differ on their views of a National Bank?

5. Explain the Whiskey Rebellion and the issues it raised in the early Nation?

6. What was America’s reaction to the French Revolution?

7. Who was Thomas Pinckney and why was he important?

8. Explain the relationship between Native Americans and the white settlers?

9. What was George Washington’s last warning to the new nation?

10. What was the problem with the election of 1796 and how was it resolved?

11. Explain the XYZ Affair?

12. Explain the Virginia and Kentucky Resolves?

13. What is the idea of Nullification and how can it impact the country?

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Years in office

President Domestic Policies/Events Foreign Policies/Events Political Economic Social

George Washington Political Party:

Vice-President(s):

John Adams Political Party:

Vice-President(s):

Thomas Jefferson Political Party:

Vice-President(s):

James Madison Political Party:

Vice-President(s):

James Monroe Political Party:

Vice-President(s):

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The Early Nation – Vocab Name: _______________________________________________

Define each of the following words in regards to the early development of the nation:

1. George Washington –

2. John Adams –

3. Thomas Jefferson –

4. Judiciary Act of 1789 –

5. Hamilton’s financial plan –

6. Whiskey Rebellion –

7. Neutrality Act of 1793 –

8. Washington’s Farwell Address –

9. Alien and Sedition Acts –

10. Virginia and Kentucky Resolves –

11. XYZ Affair –

12. Election of 1800 –

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Name ___________________________________________ Period ____ Date ___________ Chapter 6, sections 4:

The War of 1812 Directions: Read about the war between Great Britain and the US, answer the questions.

1. Who was “Uncle Sam”?

2. What is a blockade?

3. What is impressment?

4. What is an embargo?

5. Who were the war hawks and what did they want?

6. Why did the war hawks object to the presence of Native Americans in the Indiana territory?

7. Who was William Henry Harrison?

8. Who was Tecumseh?

9. Why did Madison decide to declare war?

10. Look at the map on page 204. Why do you think there were battles on the Great Lakes?

11. Why do you think the British blockaded the coast from Boston to Georgia?

12. Who was Andrew Jackson? What did he do in the war?

13. What did the Treaty of Ghent do?

14. What were some of the issues which Britain and the US reached agreement after the Treaty of Ghent?

15. Look at the chart “Achievements of the United States, 1789 – 1812”. Which of these achievements involvedinteractions with foreign countries? Which of these involved domestic matters?

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Name _________________________________ Period ____ Date ___________

Chapter 7, section 1: Guided Reading

Regional Economies Create Differences

Directions: As you read about the different economic systems that developed in various sections of the nation, answer the following questions (start on page 212).

1. Who was Eli Whitney and why was he important?

2. What are interchangeable parts?

3. What was the Industrial Revolution?

4. What effects did the Embargo act of 1807 and the War of 1812 have on Americans involved in shippingand foreign trade?

5. Why did manufacturing develop in New England?

6. Look at the diagram of a cotton gin on page 216. Why was this new process more efficient thanremoving seeds by hand?

7. How did the cotton gin make life both easier and more difficult for workers?

8. Look at the chart on page 216. About how many African Americans and African-American slaves werein the United States in 1860?

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9. How do the number of free African Americans and the number of slaves compare from 1790 to 1860?

10. How were the agricultural systems of the North and South different?

11. Who was Henry Clay?

12. What was the intention of the American System?

13. What was the purpose of the tariff of 1816?

14. Look at the map on page 217. Judging from this map, were roads or canals a more powerful factor inunifying the United States in the first half of the 1800s?

15. Which region had the heaviest concentration of roads and canals?

16. What was the National Road?

17. What were some of the effects of building the Erie Canal?

18. Compare the economies and agricultural systems of the North and South in the early years of theIndustrial Revolution.

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Name: _______________________________ Marshall Supreme Court Decisions Directions: Complete the graphic organizer and the key idea using the pages indicated in your textbook.

Marbury v. Madison Page 199, 206-207

McCulloch v. Maryland p. 220

Gibbons v. Ogden p. 219-220

When did it take place?

Who was involved in the case?

The state of Maryland and the Bank of the United States

What was the issue(s) being decided?

What was the Supreme Court’s decision in this case?

What effect did this case have on the power of the national government?

How did Marshall impact the role of the Judicial Branch on the Early Republic with these Court Cases?

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The American Revolution & the War of 1812

American Revolution The War of 1812

Causes of the War

Long-Term Causes Spark

Long-Term Causes Spark

Strategy

British American

British American

Advantages/ Disadvantages

British American

British American

Turning Point Battles & Their

Impact

Treaty & the Terms of the

Treaty

Impact/Effects of the War

Essential Question: To what degree was the War of 1812 a “second American Revolution”?

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Foundatons of American Foreign Policy Directions- Write the letter of the foreign policy on the line by the item with the best description of that policy. Next, place the list of events in chronological order at the bottom of the page. _____1. Spain guaranteed American farmers the use of the Mississippi River and the right of deposit in New

Orleans in an attempt to prevent Anglo-American reproachment. _____2. Restored the status-quo ante-bellum when a lengthy war and protracted negotiations failed to produce a

victory for either side. _____3. United States stopped all foreign trade in an effort to pressure Britain and France into respecting our

rights as a neutral nation. _____4. United States would refrain from intervention in European affairs but would regard as an “unfriendly

act” any attempt at further colonization in the Western Hemisphere. _____5. Britain agreed to evacuate forts in the Northwest but made no concessions on impressment or

violations of our rights as a neutral nation. _____6. United States rejected French demands for an apology, a loan, and a bribe as a condition of negotiation.

_____7. United States declared war against Britain in an effort to gain Canada, an end to Indian troubles on the frontier, and respect for our rights as a neutral nation.

_____8. Spain ceded Florida to the United States and renounced any claim to Oregon in return for a United States renunciation of any tenuous claims we might have to Texas and $5 million in claims of Americans against the Spanish government in Florida.

_____9. Britain and the United States agreed to mutual disarmament of the Great Lakes. _____10. United States would remain friendly and impartial toward both Britain and France rather than become

embroiled in the French Revolution in the critical first years of the Republic. _____11. United States purchased a huge amount of land in order to guarantee Americans permanent use of the

Mississippi River. _____12. Americans might sign commercial treaties with foreign nations but should steer clear of permanent

alliances that might entangle this country in European conflicts.

Foreign Policies: Chronological Order of Events:

a. Adams-Onis Treaty 1. b. Proclamation of Neutrality 2.

c. Monroe Doctrine 3. d. Rush-Bagot Treaty 4.

e. Pinckney’s Treaty 5. f. XYZ Affair 6.

g. Washington’s Farewell Address 7. h. Louisiana Purchase 8.

i. Treaty of Ghent 9. j. Jay’s Treaty 10.

k. Embargo Act of 1807 11. l. War of 1812 12.

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America: 1800 to 1824 American Territorial Expansion- Label and color each of the following: a. Original 13 States, b. Northwest Territories, c. Louisiana Purchase, d. the 8 states added to the Union from 1792 to 1819, and e. the 2 states added to the Union due to the Missouri Compromise and draw in the 36’30 line.

American Foreign Policy- Label the regions impacted by the a. Rush-Bagot Treaty of 1817, b. Convention of 1818, and c. Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819.

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The Early Nation George Washington’s Presidency (1789-1797)

Events at Home (Domestic Affairs) Creation of Three executive departments:

• State: • Treasury: • War:

Judiciary Act of 1789 created _____________________ & other Federal Courts Alexander Hamilton’s Financial Plan

• created _____________________________ to promote industry • established __________________ to provide the nation with stable currency • created an excise tax on __________ to raise revenue

Whiskey Rebellion (1794) Farmers in western Pennsylvania refused to pay the federal excise tax on whiskey and attacked tax collectors.

Washington made 15,000 militia men into federal troops and put down the rebellion. As a result, the Federal government showed its new power.

Foreign Affairs Neutrality Act of 1793 said that the United States Washington’s Farewell Address (1797)

George Washington’s final advice to the United States was that the US should (a) (b) (c) (d)

But there were already two political parties: Federalists and Democratic Republicans

First Political Parties Federalists Democratic-Republicans Leaders

View of National Government

View of the Economy

Supporters Bankers and business interests in the North. Farmers, artisans, frontier settlers in the South

Election of 1796, John Adams defeated Thomas Jefferson for the presidency, and Jefferson became the vice-pres.

John Adams’s Presidency (1797 --1801)

Domestic Affairs Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)

The President could imprison or deport aliens (citizens of other countries). People who wrote anything of “a scandalous and malicious nature” against the government could be imprisoned.

Used to silence -

The Virginia and Kentucky Resolves Virginia and Kentucky declare the Alien and Sedition Acts “null” because they violated the Bill of Rights

Election of 1800 Adams & the Federalists against Jefferson & the Democratic-Republicans — __________________ won

The election of 1800, won by ____________________, was the first American presidential election in which power was peacefully transferred from one party to another. **

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THE GROWTH OF A YOUNG NATION AMERICA EXPANDS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY

THE ELECTION OF 1800

_______________________ (Democratic-Republican) vs. ______________________________ (Federalist)

While Jefferson defeated Adams by 8 electoral votes, he tied his running mate, ____________________________

Vote went to House of Reps– With help from ______________________________, Jefferson prevailed (Led to 12th Amendment)

MARBURY v. MADISON

John Adams, attempts to “pack” the _______________________ with ___________________________ Jefferson argued this was unconstitutional Supreme Court Chief Justice ________________________________ rules in Marbury v. Madison (1803) that part of the Judicial Act was unconstitutional Established principle of _____________________________ – the ability of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional

THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE - By 1803, French leader Napoleon had abandoned his dreams of an American Empire - He needed money to fight European wars, so he accepted Jefferson’s offered of $15,000,000 - -

LEWIS AND CLARK EXPEDITION

________________________________ were commissioned by Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Purchase and look for a water route to the Pacific

____________________________, an American Indian woman, served as a guide and translator

EMBARGO ACT OF 1807 - Britain and France were impressing soldiers - Jefferson passed the Embargo Act which _________________________________________________ - New England threatened to succeed from the US. Put sailors out work and hurt US economy. - Failed because Britain and France found other sources

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The War Of 1812 -- The Second War for American Independence Causes of the War - Both France and Britain “impressed” American sailors - Impressment - _______________________________________________ - “War Hawks” pressured US Congress - Westerners __________________________________________________ Jefferson’s Response Embargo Act of 1807 – __________________________________________

New Englanders hated Jefferson (“Mad Tom”) Madison’s Response James Madison elected in 1808 Realized that Embargo Act hurt US much more than France or Britain Passed the “__________________________” -- Re-opened trade with all nations except France and Britain

Would trade with France and Britain if they would respect US neutral rights The “War Hawks” Call for War ________________-- New, young Republicans came to Congress from “frontier” states War was the only way to-- _______________________, gain Canada, and destroy Native American Resistance Problems With Native Americans Settlers pushing the Indians further west, creating more conflicts thought British were supplying arms Shawnee decided to fight back

Leaders: ________________________ -- attempted to unite all tribes east of the Mississippi 1811 -- Battle of Tippecanoe: __________________________________________________________ War Is Declared June 18, 1812 -- Madison ______________________________________ War was declared, before Britain’s offer to stop was received Critics referred to “_________________________” Major Events of 1812-1813 1812 -- ___________________ in three places but failed to take over -- Burned the City of York (Toronto) 1813 -- British Fleet destroyed on __________________________ Major Events of 1814 Chesapeake Campaign

1814 -- ______________________________ -- Dolly Madison rescued valuables from the White House Battle of Fort McHenry -- British bombard Baltimore, MD

_____________________ -- wrote _______________________ after the Battle of Fort McHenry More Events of 1814-1815 Hartford Convention -- _________________________________________________________, but war ended before the convention. ____________________ signed -- December 24, 1814 1815 -- _______________________________

Jackson and the Americans defeated the British, Jackson became a hero Militarily insignificant because the war is already over

Results of the War Britain and US call it a draw -- no one wins December 1814 -- _________________________ is signed

Hostilities cease, all borders go back to pre-war status, all land returned to original owners US Independence is won for good

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The Era of Good Feelings The Presidency of James Monroe

Era of Good Feelings- Elected in 1816, effectively unopposed His term in office marks the beginning of the “_______________________” Nationalism (_________________________) was sweeping the nation

American System- _______________________ -- Theory of Economic Growth North – South –

Necessary Measure for the American System to work Protective Tariffs, Improved transportation, National Banking System Protective Tariffs Protective Tariff: _____________________________________; designed to make imports more expensive than

domestic goods ____________________________: Congress adopted a mild protective tariff; Tariff is strengthened in 1828 Improved transportation ________________________________ (today it is I-40) Construction of canals begins ________________________________ Second Bank of the U.S. The charter of the First Bank of the US expired in 1811 and was not renewed State banks took over the business of banking and printing money which makes trade difficult 1816: Congress chartered the Second Bank of the US with 25 branches

Foreign Affairs Relations with Britain ____________________________ (1817)

Britain/Canada and US agree to disarm the Great Lakes ____________________________

(1) joint occupation of the Oregon Territory for 10 years; (2) north Boundary of Louisiana Purchase is 49th Parallel Foreign Relations Relations with Spain (1817-______________________________)

United States sent _______________________ and a army down to the Georgia-Florida border to stop the raids - ________________________________________; So, he invaded Florida

______________________________ (1819) -- Spain gave up Florida and Spanish claims to the Oregon Territory;

US took $5 million in Spanish debt and agreed to stay out of Texas Missouri Compromise-1820 Missouri territory is divided in half

North of the 36’30’ latitude _________________ (except Missouri) and south of the line ________________________ Establishes a precedent that lasts until the Civil War: states would enter into the Union in pairs-one slave and one free Monroe Doctrine-1823 Monroe warns all European powers ____________________________________________________________________

They are not to attempt to colonize or overthrow any newly formed nation

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The First Five Presidents 1789 — 1825 Review Sheet Adams-Onis Treaty - _______________________________________________________________________

Alien and Sedition Acts - ____________________________________________________________________

American System - _________________________________________________________________________

Bank of the US - __________________________________________________________________________

Battle of New Orleans - _____________________________________________________________________

Battle of Tippecanoe - _______________________________________________________________________

Burning of Washington - _____________________________________________________________________

“Era of Good Feelings” - ___________________________________________________________________

Election of 1800 - _______________________________________________________________________

Embargo Act of 1807 - _______________________________________________________________________

Eli Whitney - _______________________________________________________________________

First Cabinet - _______________________________________________________________________

George Washington - _______________________________________________________________________

George Washington’s Horse - _________________________________________________________________

Hartford Convention - _______________________________________________________________________

Henry Clay - _______________________________________________________________________

Impressment - _______________________________________________________________________

James Madison - _______________________________________________________________________

James Monroe - _______________________________________________________________________

John Adams - _______________________________________________________________________

Judicial review - _______________________________________________________________________

Judiciary Act of 1789 - _______________________________________________________________________

Kentucky and Virginia Resolves - ______________________________________________________________

Lewis & Clark - _______________________________________________________________________

Louisiana Purchase - _______________________________________________________________________

Marbury v. Madison - _______________________________________________________________________

Missouri Compromise - ______________________________________________________________________

Monroe Doctrine - _______________________________________________________________________

Nationalism - _______________________________________________________________________

Neutrality Act of 1793 - _____________________________________________________________________

Non-Intercourse Act - _______________________________________________________________________

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Nullification Crisis - _______________________________________________________________________

Sacagawea - _______________________________________________________________________

Tariff of 1816 - _______________________________________________________________________

Tecumseh - _______________________________________________________________________

Thomas Jefferson - _______________________________________________________________________

Treaty of Ghent - _______________________________________________________________________

War hawks - _______________________________________________________________________

War of 1812 - _______________________________________________________________________

Washington’s Farwell Address - _______________________________________________________________

Whiskey Rebellion - _______________________________________________________________________

XYZ Affair - _______________________________________________________________________

Three achievements for each of the first five presidents: Washington – 1. 2. 3. Adams – 1. 2. 3. Jefferson – 1. 2. 3. Madison – 1. 2. 3. Monroe – 1. 2. 3.

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