The West

The West

A._______________for Westward Migration

1. ___________ Factorsa. farmers, ex-slaves (______________), workers

looking for new start after Civil War

a. _______________/ethnic groups looking for new start

i. _________________(Joseph Smith)

The West

2. _______________ Factorsa. cheap _______________i. _______________ Land Grant

Act (1862) - fed. gov’t gave land to states

to sell to raise $ for agriculture colleges

b. _______________ Act (1862)i. cheap land in exchange for promise to farm it for _____ yrs.c. property rightsi. a big deal in the West

The Westd. _______________________ RR

(1869)i. __________ Pacific RR (going _________) connected w/ _____________ Pacific RR (going __________) at Promontory Point, ______ - finished w/ a _______________ii. immigrant workers: UP -

__________; CP – __________ iii. biggest factor in

development/_____________of the West

The West

C. New _______________1. going west for cheap

____________a. Midwest – Germansb. West Coast – Italians,

_____________ , Jewsc. West – Mexicans

The West

D. The __________________(Miss. River -> Rocky Mtns)

1. Plains ________________a. Sioux, Cheyenne, Navajo,

Apacheb. ______________ huntersi. ________________ – food,

shelter, clothing, tools, toys2. after Civil War, ___________ ready to push west for _______________________

The West

The West

3. US Indian __________a. sign ______________i. buy land; push tribes off land on to ____________________ii. US broke promisesiii. hunted buffalo almost

to _______________

The Westb. Indian ___________ (1865-1890)i. US gov’t – Native Americans ii. US Army spread thin - lots of ____________________ iii. Sand Creek Massacre (1864) - Cheyenne killed; sent to reservations iv. Battle of ____________________

(1876) (__________________ Last Stand) - gold found in Dakota Territory; sacred

land protected by treaty - Gen. Custer sent to round up ________ - Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse - Custer/US _______________ by

Sioux

The West

v. Battle of _______________________(1890)

- Ghost Dance Movement: rituals performed by Sioux on __________________

- ________ sent in to stop it - _______________ killed;

group rounded up and killed • _________ of the Indian Wars(Chief Joseph: “I will fight no

more forever”)

The Westc. _______________________i. policy designed to

“_______________” Native Americans; to become part of _____________ American culture (customs, dress, etc)

ii. _______________ Act (1887) - divide up reservation land into

_______________ - NA had little training, equipment _________________ w/farming - _____________ set up for children (Carlisle School – PA)

The West

4. Open Territory (1889)a.__________________ (Oklahoma today) was the last, best farmlanda. gov’t opened it up for

_______________ i. Boomers, ___________c. Native Americans officially ____________

The West

E. ___________ the West1. _____________a. gold, silver, oreb. Comstock Lode,

Denver – new ___________ overnight

The West2. __________________a. _________________ taught

Americans to raise cattlei. Americans copied dress,

equipmentb. big demand for _________i. after Civil War, lots of cattle roaming ___________c. started raising ___________

longhorn cattled. Invented __________________ rr cars to ship slaughtered cattle ___________

The Weste. Indian _____________ and destruction of __________________f. growth of _______________________i. along ____ lines to receive cattle coming from __________ ii. Abilene, KS; Dodge City, KS; Chicagog. ___________________– cattle drives by cowboys (white, NA, AA, Mexican)i. push cattle ___________ to cow towns for slaughterii. _____________________– from Texash. rise of ___________________ as big businessi. cattle ______________ – in Texasii. started to decline in 1880’siii. bad weather, falling prices for beef

The West3. ________________a. hard life for _____________________ in Plainsi. Shelter a priority – built ____________ii. ____________ crop prices, rising _____________ , little ___________, insectsb. new technologyi. ______________ farmingii. mechanical reaper (McCormick)iii. steel _______________ (Deere)iv. __________________________ (Glidden)c. _______________ farms – farming starts to become big businessi. Agribusiness – specialize in one crop; decline

of self-sufficient farmingii. mines start to close; ranching slows down

The WestF. Myth of the ________________1. The “____________________ ”a. Stories of no laws, no controlb. Actually calmed down pretty fast as populations grewa. myths created by _________, traveling ____________________2. Dime Novels (1870’s)a. stereotypical charactersb. Wild Bill Hickok, _________________3. Wild West ________________(1880’s)a. started by Bill Cody b. ______________, ________________=>created _________________image of the West, cowboys (whites), good guys v. bad guys

The West

4. End of the _____________ (1890)a. 1872 – first national ________ created by fed. gov’t to preserve _________ (Yellowstone)b. end of ____________ land, no more frontier

Populism

G. Populism1. Political movement to help ____________, westa. 1870’s-90’s – farmers hurt by falling ___________,

________i. _________ calling in loansii. tariffs helped/hurt - keep cheaper crops out;

farm equipment more expensive

Populism

2. _____________________________ Issuea. ___________ standard – money backed by

________ supply of fed. gov’tb. ___________ wanted ________ $ in

circulation (_____________ in money supply) => ______________

i. ____________ would be worth _______; prices would go ______

ii. ______ farmers – sell goods at ________ price

Populism

c. to ___________ money supply, need to back money w/____________ (more silver than gold)i. _____________ standard - money traded in for gold or silverii. “Free _____________” - to _____________ money supply

Populism

3. Farm ______________a. ______________ Movement (1866) – Oliver Kellyi. organize _____________ to discuss their issuesb. Farmers’ Alliance (1880s’)i. _____________________(“Raise _________ corn and _________ hell”)

Populism

c. __________________ Reactioni. Munn v. Illinois (1877) - _____________ could regulate ______________ trade,

including ___________ ratesii. Wabash v. Illinois (1886) - because rr lines cross

______________________(__________________ commerce), _______________can regulate (not states)iii. _____________________ Commerce Act (1887) - ____________ gov’t can regulate prices charged by rr for _________________ trade

Populism4. ______________ Party (1891)a. People’s Party – push for _____________, social changesi. _______ in the money supplyii. Unlimited coining of _________iii. _______________ income tax(make more, pay more)iv. Fed gov’t ownership of ______Þ What group would benefit most from these issues? _______v. ______________ work day=>To get support from which group?

__________

Populism

5. Election of _________a. McKinley (R), ____________(D,Populist)a. William Jennings Bryani. _____________________(“You shall not ____________ mankind upon a ________ of

gold”)=>Meaning what?

Populism

c. Bryan won in ________, South, NOT big _______d. ____________ Party COULD NOT: i. unite _________, rural votersii. slow down change from __________________ to_________ in the US

Populism

6. Effects of _______________ Movementa. Free ______________ issue ______________b. Other ________________ stayed alive:i. Picked up in early 1900’s by new group – _______________________

Populism

c. Populism and The Wizard of Ozi. book written in early 1900’s – meant to be an

allegory for Populist Movement