The VikingsThe Vikings

800 – 1000 CE

The Vikings in BritainThe Vikings in Britain

The Viking InvasionThe Viking Invasion

• The Vikings invaded Europe and Britain between 800-1000 CE

• They were warriors and expert sailors from Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Due to overpopulation and poor lands, the Vikings violently attacked areas along the coasts.

The Canadian ConnectionThe Canadian Connection

• Around 1000, Leif Ericson led a group of Vikings to Newfoundland.

• In 911, the Vikings forced the Franks to surrender a part of northern France, which became known as Normandy.

The Vikings in BritainThe Vikings in Britain

• England was controlled for 3 centuries by the Jutes, Angles and Saxons who fought amongst themselves.

• Various groups struggled for power and the Danish king, Canute, eventually became king of England in 1016.

The Norman Conquest (1066)The Norman Conquest (1066)

• William the Conqueror (duke of Normandy) conquered England in the Battle of Hastings when the Saxon king, Harold, was killed.

• William became the first Norman king of England.

• Since 1066, the authority of all British monarchs can be trace back to him.

Medieval Europe: FranceMedieval Europe: France

• The western part of the Frankish empire, ruled by one of Charlemagne’s grandsons, became France.

• It did not have a strong ruler until Hugh Capet was elected king.

• His descendents would bring France under their control over the next the three centuries.

• The Capetian kings also made the crown a hereditary title to ward off any rivals.

Medieval Europe: Holy Roman EmpireMedieval Europe: Holy Roman Empire

• In the eastern part of the old Frankish empire, Charlemagne’s heirs lost their power to the local dukes.

• They made Otto their king. He allied himself with the Church. He sent troops to defend Rome at the request of the pope.

• The pope named him “Holy Roman Emperor” in 962 in gratitude

Medieval Europe: Holy Roman EmpireMedieval Europe: Holy Roman Empire

• Germany and most of Italy, now controlled by Otto, became known as the Holy Roman Empire.

• Few other Holy Roman Emperors could actually maintain control of both areas.

• The Holy Roman Empire was eventually split into hundreds of smaller states.

Texbook Questions on Texbook Questions on Saladin and RichardSaladin and Richard

• Get a textbook and in groups of 2 do the following questions:– Read pages 274-276– Answer question 1-4 on page 276