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The United Nations Development Fund for Women
1
A rights-based gender-responsive approach to
Women in the Indonesian Economy
UNIFEM Regional Programme on Engendering Economic Governance
Lembaga DemografiLembaga Penyelidikan Ekonomi dan
MasyarakatFakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia
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First Technical WorkshopA legal perspective on women in the economy
6-7th October 2003Hotel Aryaduta
Jakarta
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Keynote Addresses8:30 – 9:00
Dr Ernanti Wahyuni MSc, Sekretaris Menteri Negara Pemberdayan Perempuan
Dr Komara Djaja, Deputi I, Bidang Koordinasi Macro Ekonomi Keuangan dan Perbankan dan Restrukturisasi Perbankan
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Resource Team
UNIFEM Dr Lorraine Corner – UNIFEM
Lembaga Demografi Dr Sri Harijati Hatmadji – LD - FEUI Tara Bakti Soeprobo SE, MSc Ayke Soraya Kiting SE Ir Panpan A Fadjri MSi
Lembaga Penyelidikan Ekonomi dan Masyarakat Hera Susanti SE, MSc Siti Budhi Wardhani SE, MSc Andri Asmoro SE, MSc Erwin Mantiri, SE
Dian Kartika Sari, Project Facilitator, Koalisi Perempuan
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Who are we?
Project staff from LD, LPEM
Staff from the Sectors – as members of the Task Forces with expertise and experience on implementing regulations & procedures
Staff from Ministry of Women’s Empowerment responsible for gender mainstreaming
NGOs, Parliamentarians, members of civil society
UNIFEM
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Two key groups
Economic sectors Policies Implementation
“Women’s” sector Ministry for Women’s
Empowerment Women Leaders
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Two key groups
Government Economic sectors Ministry for Women’s
Empowerment
Civil society Women Leaders, NGOs,
Parliamentarians
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What are we doing? 1
Learning: active learning
Cooperating: working together
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What are we doing? 2.
Reviewing concept & role of gender
Understanding A gender perspective Women’s role in the economy A rights-based perspective Gender-responsive policy &
implementation
Planning a gender-responsive, rights-based analysis of laws, regulations and implementation relating to women in the economy
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We are challenging assumptions 1.
ALL women contribute to the economy
Gender important in policy development & implementation
All policies programme implementation should be gender-responsive
All government staff should be gender-aware Gender-sensitive behaviour Use a gender perspective in daily work
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We are challenging assumptions 2
A rights-based perspective is part of good governance & democracy
Human rights are important in policy development & implementation
A rights-based approach IS gender-responsive A gender-responsive approach IS rights-based
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What happens next?
Task Forces meet UKM dan Koperasi - LD Tenaga Kerja - LD Anggaran/Pajak – LPEM Industri dan Perdagangan - LPEM
Facilitated by Legal Facilitator Supported by Research Team Identify work programme Analyze regulations & procedures from
rights-based & gender-responsive perspective
Report drafted Workshop to review drafts
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Administrative MattersHera 9:15 – 9:20
Schedule
Meals
Breaks
Handouts
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1. Use meta cards
2. Write only KEY words
3. Use BLOCK letters
4. Write BIG letters
5. Facilitators tape on flip charts6. Facilitators -sort like with
like
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What do you hope to learn?
InstructionsAbout:1. Gender, women and the economy?
2. Gender, women & laws, implementation regulations, procedures, rules
3. Human rights, a rights-based approach, women’s rights, good governance?
Use THREE Meta Cards Write ONE idea per TOPIC Write only ONE idea per CARD Give cards to facilitators to post on flip chart
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What you want to know
Pertanyaan mengenai gender Perempuan yang berani Pemberdayaan perempuan Keterkaitan Ekonomi dengan gender Kesetaraan gender HAM: diskriminasi, hak di tempat
kerja, Keadilan Implementasi
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Instructions – NormsMeta cards
Part 1 Use THREE meta CARDS:
1. Participation: what will help you to contribute to this workshop?
2. Gender sensitivity - how can we all be gender sensitive during the workshop?
3. Efficiency – how can we all make the most effective use of these 2 days?
Write ONE idea per TOPIC Write only ONE idea per CARD Give cards to facilitators to post on flip chart
for gallery viewing during the break
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Synthesis &Norms suggested by
facilitators Everyone in the room is a resource for
learning Facilitators Co-facilitators Participants
When presenting, avoid repeating what has already been said
You can say: “We have nothing new to add” “All we wanted to say has been presented”
The only silly question is one not asked
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Gender-responsive implementation of policies &
programmes
A Paradigm ShiftLorraine 9:50 – 10:10
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What is a paradigm?
Your assumptions
The way you see the world
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Paradigm shift
AA ChangeChange to a more complete & useful way of seeing the way of seeing the
worldworld
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A new way of seeing
Accompanied by changes inchanges in:
AttitudeAttitude
BehaviourBehaviour
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EFFORT & ATTITUDE
are ineffective if
PARADIGMS are WRONG
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Break10:10 – 10:40
Tea / Coffee
Informal introductions
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Structured Learning Exercise
Lorraine / Hera – 10:40 – 11:00
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Structured Learning Exercise
Everyone stand in the middle of the room
Observe the activity presented Would you associate the activity
with a person who is male or female?
If it is associated with a male, move left If it is associated with a female, move
right ?
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Sex and Gender: What is the difference?
LectureLorraine 11:00 – 11:10
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Concept of sex
Female/male
Biological
Fixed at birth - does not change
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Concept of gender
Feminine/Masculine
Social and cultural
Not fixed - changes over time
Varies between societies
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Group work – Gender Equality in Indonesia 11:10 – 11:40
Lorraine / Hera
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Opinion Survey on Women in IndonesiaSurvey Form
Fill out the Opinion Survey
Do women and men EQUALLY enjoy the rights listed?
ExampleExample:
1. To education (duration & quality)
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What is the situation of women & gender
equality in Indonesia?
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Small Group Discussion – 15 minutes
Flip chart - Opinion Survey
Count the scores > < = for your group Give facilitators group scores on each
question
Based on group answers, discuss gender equality in Indonesia [15 minutes]
Write 4 main bullet points from your group discussion on Meta cards
Post Meta cards on group flip chart for gallery viewing
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Gender RolesSmall Group Discussion – 12:00 – 12:30
1. How are women’s lives different from men’s lives?
Write 4 main bullet points from your group discussion on Meta cards.
2. How might these differences affect policy & programme implementation?
Write 4 main bullet points from your group discussion on Meta cards.
Post Meta cards on group flip chart for gallery viewing & plenary review
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Gallery Viewing/Synthesis12:30 – 13: 00Gender Roles - Key
Points
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Gender concepts
Sex - gender
How is gender expressed?
Types of gender roles?
Why does it matter?
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Gender
Roles - what women and men do
Stereotypes - what is expected of women and men
Norms - a “good/real” ,man/ woman is . . .
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Feminine gender stereotypes
Appearance? – pretty, small
Behaviour? – soft, kind, passive
Roles? - what jobs, activities are women expected to do? – housework, teaching, nursing
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Masculine gender stereotypes
Appearance? – strong, handsome
Behaviour? – decisive, active
Roles? - what are men expected to do? – physical labour, engineer, leader
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Men’s gender roles
Primary role - breadwinner
Multiple - husband, father, community service
Sequential - one role at a time
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Women’s gender roles
Primary role - mother/housewife
Multiple - wife/companion, worker, community service
Simultaneous - more than one role at a time
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Lunch Break
13:00 – 14:00
Question?
If that is what gender is:
is policy implementation in your sector gender-responsive?
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Structured Learning Exercise
Hera/Lorraine 14:00 – 14:30
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Group work – Gender Responsive Policy implementation
14:30 – 15:00
Lorraine / Team
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Gender-Responsive Implementation
Instructions
1. In what ways is policy implementation NOT gender-responsive?
Write examples from your group discussion on Meta cards.
2. How can we make it gender-responsive?
Write examples from your group discussion on Meta cards.
Post Meta cards on group flip chart for gallery viewing & plenary review
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Some questions to consider
TIME? When? What else are beneficiaries doing?
Access? Physical – ability to access – distance,
transport? Cultural – is it acceptable?
Resources? Financial - money Human capital – education, skills, assets
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Group work – A rights-based approach to development
15:50 – 16:20
Lorraine / Team
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Human Rights & DevelopmentBrainstorming
1. What is your reaction to the term “human rights”?
Write on TWO Meta Cards One positive personal reaction One negative personal reaction
2. In your groups, discuss: positive and negative reactions. What do you understand by “human
rights”? Are human rights linked to democracy? Are human rights related to good
governance?
Choose someone to report THREE key points to the plenary