The Traditional ATM Terminal Customer Recognition System...
Transcript of The Traditional ATM Terminal Customer Recognition System...
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ISSN 2319-8885
Vol.03,Issue.50
December-2014,
Pages:10074-10081
Copyright @ 2014 IJSETR. All rights reserved.
The Traditional ATM Terminal Customer Recognition System Based
On Finger Print Recognition K.VEERA MOHAN
1, T.PUSHPA
2
1PG Scholar, Dept of Embedded Systems, Vignana Bharathi Institute of Technology, Ghatkesar, Hyderabad, TS, India,
E-mail: [email protected]. 2Assistant Professor, Dept of ECE, Vignana Bharathi Institute of Technology, Ghatkesar, Hyderabad, TS, India.
Abstract: To main aim of this project is, for solving the bugs of traditional ones, the author designs new ATM terminal
customer recognition systems. The chip of LPC2148 is used for the core of microprocessor in ARM7, furthermore, an improved
enhancement algorithm of fingerprint image increase the security that customer use the ATM machine. The purpose of this
project is to increase the security that customer use the ATM machine. Once user’s bank card is lost and the password is stolen,
the criminal will draw all cash in the shortest time, which will bring enormous financial losses to customer, so to rectify this
problem we are implementing this project. In the project a fingerprint recognition module is used which captures the fingerprint
image and converts into digital data. It is compared with fingerprint images stored in the database. When a match is found then
only any transaction can be done and thus ensures that only authorized person can only have access the atm card. The system
can accurately identify lively fingerprint and sends the illegal burglary information to the owner by the GSM network or to the
monitoring center of property management office. This project is built using LPC2148 microcontroller.
Keywords: ATM Terminal, ARM7, Fingerprint Recognition, Image Enhancement, Gabor Filtering.
I. INTRODUCTION
In this project an attempt has been made to develop the
ATM Terminal Design Based on Fingerprint Recognition
using the LPC2148 Microcontroller, Fingerprint module,
Smartcard module and GSM Network, Max232, Relay
Circuit. Now a day’s using the ATM (Automatic Teller
Machine) which provides customers with the convenient
banknote trading is very common. However, the financial
crime case rises repeatedly in recent years; a lot of criminals
tamper with the ATM terminal and steal user’s credit card
and password by illegal means. Once user’s bank card is lost
and the password is stolen, the criminal will draw all cash in
the shortest time, which will bring enormous financial
losses to customer. How to carry on the valid identity to the
customer becomes the focus in current financial circle.
Traditional ATM systems authenticate generally by using
the credit card and the password, the method has some
defects. Using credit card and password cannot verify the
client’s identity exactly. In recent years, the algorithm that
the fingerprint recognition continuously updated, which has
offered new verification means for us, the original password
authentication method combined with the biometric
identification technology verify the clients’ identity better
and achieve the purpose that use of ATM machines improve
the safety effectively.
The embedded ATM client authentication system is based
on fingerprint recognition which is designed after analyzed
existed ATM system. The arm chip is used as the core of
this embedded system which is associated with the
technologies of fingerprint recognition and current high
speed network communication. The purpose of this project
is to increase the security that customer use the ATM
machine. Once user’s bank card is lost and the password is
stolen, the criminal will draw all cash in the shortest time,
which will bring enormous financial losses to customer, so
to rectify this problem we are implementing this project.
As human fingerprints have been considered as a unique
signature certifying one's identity Fingerprint verification is
currently the most popular technique of biometric personal
identification. Fingerprint recognition or fingerprint
authentication refers to the automated method of verifying a
match between two human fingerprints. Fingerprints are one
of many forms of biometrics used to identify an individual
and verify their identity. In the project a fingerprint
recognition module is used which captures the fingerprint
image and converts into digital data. It is compared with
fingerprint images stored in the database. When a match is
found then only any transaction can be done and thus
ensures that only authorized person can only have access the
Atm card. The system can accurately identify lively
fingerprint and sends the illegal burglary information to the
owner by the GSM network or to the monitoring canter of
property management office. This project is built using
LPC2148 microcontroller.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
For the traditional ATM terminal customer recognition
systems only rely on bank cards, passwords, and such
K.VEERA MOHAN, T.PUSHPA
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.03, IssueNo.50, December-2014, Pages: 10074-10081
identity verification methods which measures are not perfect
and functions are too single. For solving the bugs of
traditional ones, the author designs new ATM terminal
customer recognition systems. The chip of LPC2148 is used
for the core of ARM7 microcontroller, furthermore
password and improved enhancement algorithm of
fingerprint image increase the security that customer use the
ATM machine with the development of computer network
technology and e-commerce, the self-service banking
system has got extensive popularization with the
characteristic offering high-quality 24 hours service for
customer as shown in Fig.1. Nowadays, using the ATM
(Automatic Teller Machine) which provides customers with
the convenient banknote trading is very common. However,
the financial crime case rises repeatedly in recent years; a
lot of criminals tamper with the ATM terminal and steal
user's credit card and password by illegal means. Once
user's bank card is lost and the password is stolen, the
criminal will draw all cash in the shortest time, which will
bring enormous financial losses to customer. How to carry
on the valid identity to the customer becomes the focus in
current financial circle.
Traditional ATM systems authenticate generally by using
the credit card and the password, the method has some
defects. Using credit card and password cannot verify the
client's identity exactly. In recent years, the algorithm that
the fingerprint recognition continuously updated, which has
offered new verification means for us, the original password
authentication method combined with the biometric
identification technology verify the clients' identity better
and achieve the purpose that use of ATM machines improve
the safety effectively.
III. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF HARDWARE DESIGN
Fig.1. Block Diagram of ATM Terminal Design is Based
on Fingerprint Recognition.
A. Power Supply
Most of the digital logic circuits and processors work
only in low DC voltage, so power supply unit is required for
their accurate functioning. This supply unit of power
consists of transformer, rectifier, filter and a regulator. The
regulated power supply of about 230V is applied as input
which is step down to 12V by the transformer. Output of the
transformer is fed to bridge rectifier whose output would be
a pulsating dc voltage. The obtained dc voltage is then fed
to filter in order to remove all minimal ac components
present even after rectification. Filter output is given to
voltage regulator which results in pure constant dc voltage
that is required by the circuit as shown in Fig.2.
Fig.2. Power Supply.
B. ARM Processor
History: ARM (Acorn RISC machine) is a family of
instruction set architectures designed for computer
processors introduced by British company 'ARM Holdings'
in 1985. ARM was developed in 1980s by British company
Acorn computers which manufactured computers and was
used in personal computers. BBC Micro series of computers
were first to use ARM based coprocessor modules followed
by Acorn computers and later dominated by IBM PC.
In early days the available processors like Motorola 68000
and National semiconductor 32016 were unsuitable and
lacking. Then Acorn inspired by Berkeley RISC project,
decided to design a new architecture for its own processor.
Acorn RISC machine project started in October 1983 using
VLSI technology. First ARM silicon was produced on April
1985. The first ARM based computer 'Acorn Archimedes'
was released in 1987 and Acorn won "Queen's Award for
Technology" in 1992 for the ARM.
ARM Holdings develops architecture and Instruction set
for ARM based products. Companies like Apple,
Qualcomm, Nvidia, Samsung electronics and Texas
Instruments make chips that implement ARM architecture.
As of 2013, 10 billion ARM processors have been produced
and 50 billion in 2014 representing 95% of smart phones,
35% of Digital Televisions and Set Top Boxes, and 10% of
mobile computers. Based on architecture several cores have
been designed by ARM holdings, they are as follows in
Architecture - Core order. ARMv1- ARM1, ARMv2-
ARM2, ARM3, ARMv3- ARM6, ARM7, ARMv4- ARM8,
ARMv4T- ARM7TDMI, ARM9TDMI, ARMv5-ARM7EJ,
ARM9E, ARM10E, ARMv6- ARM11 and so on. Latest
architecture developed in 2011 was ARMv8-A with 64/32
bit width and ARM Cortex-A53, ARM Cortex A57 are the
cores designed by using this architecture. In our project we
use ARM7TDMI core which is 32-bit width.
The Traditional ATM Terminal Customer Recognition System Based On Finger Print Recognition
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.03, IssueNo.50, December-2014, Pages: 10074-10081
ARM7 Family: ARM7TDMI, ARM7TDMI-S, ARM720T,
and ARM7EJ-S processors come under ARM7 family. The
ARM7TDMI core is the most widely used 32-bit embedded
RISC microprocessor. Optimized cost and power of
ARM7TDMI makes most of the applications reliable and
effective with low power consumption, small size, and high
performance. The ARM7EJ-S processor is a synthesizable
core that provides all the features of the ARM7TDMI –
small size, optimized power and the thumb instruction set
including latest DSP extensions of ARM and enables
acceleration of java-based applications. Strong-Arm®
architecture software written for the ARM7TDMI processor
core is 100% binary-compatible with all members of the
ARM7 family. ARM7EJ-S is Forward-compatible with the
ARM9, ARM9E and ARM10 families along with products
of Intel’s Strong ARM and x scale architectures. Thus
designers can choose any of the available software-
compatible processors as per the requirement of the
application accounting price-performance. ARM
architecture is supported by the following:
Windows CE, Linux, palm OS and SYMBIAN OS
and other operating systems.
Above 40 RTOS, including Wind River’s vxworks,
qnx and mentor graphics’ vrtx etc.
Eda vendors which provide co-simulation tools.
Different kinds of software development tools.
ARM7TDMI:
Fig.3. ARM7TDMI Core Diagram.
Fig.3 shows the ARM7TDMI Core Diagram. It is based
on the Von- Neumann architecture with both instructions
and data carried by Data bus. Data from memory is accessed
by Load, store, and swap instructions. 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-
bit data is carried.
C. LPC2148 Microcontroller
LPC2148 microcontroller board is based on a 16-bit/32-
bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real-time emulation and
embedded trace support, that combine microcontrollers with
embedded high-speed flash memory ranging from 32 KB to
512 KB. A 128-bit wide memory interface and unique
accelerator architecture enable 32-bit code execution at the
maximum clock rate. For critical code size applications, the
alternative 16-bit Thumb mode reduces code by more than
30% with minimal performance penalty. The meaning of
LPC is Low Power Low Cost microcontroller as shown in
Fig.4. This is 32 bit microcontroller manufactured by
Philips semiconductors (NXP). Due to their tiny size and
low power consumption, LPC2148 is ideal for applications
where miniaturization is a key requirement, such as access
control and point-of-sale.
Features of LPC2148 Microcontroller:
16-bit/32-bit ARM7TDMI-S microcontroller in a tiny
LQFP64 package.
8 KB to 40 KB of on-chip static RAM and 32 KB to
512 KB of on-chip flash memory; 128-bit wide
interface/accelerator enables high-speed 60 MHz
operation.
USB 2.0 Full-speed compliant device controller with 2
KB of endpoint RAM. In addition, the LPC2148
provides 8 KB of on-chip RAM accessible to USB by
DMA.
One or two (LPC2141/42 Vs, LPC2144/46/48) 10-bit
ADCs provide a total of 6/14 analog inputs, with
conversion times as low as 2.44 ms per channel.
Single 10-bit DAC provides variable analog output
(LPC2148 only).
Two 32-bit timers/external event counters (with four
capture and four compare channels each), PWM unit
(six outputs) and watchdog.
Low power Real-Time Clock (RTC) with independent
power and 32 kHz clock input.
D. RS 232 (Serial Port)
RS-232(Recommended Standard-232) is a telecommuni-
cations standard for binary serial communications between
devices. It supplies the roadmap for the way devices speak
to each other using serial ports. The devices are commonly
referred to as a DTE (data terminal equipment and) DCE
(data communications equipment); for example, a computer
and modem, respectively. In telecommunications, RS-232 is
a standard for serial communication transmission of data. It
formally defines the signals connecting between a DTE
(data terminal equipment) such as a computer terminal, and
a (data circuit-terminating equipment, originally defined as
data communication equipment), such as a modem. TheRS-
232 standard is commonly used in computer serial ports
.The standard defines the electrical characteristics and
timing of signals, the meaning of signals, and the physical
size and pin out of connectors. The current version of the
standard is TLA-232-F Interface between Data Terminal
K.VEERA MOHAN, T.PUSHPA
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.03, IssueNo.50, December-2014, Pages: 10074-10081
Equipment and Data circuit-Terminating Equipment
Employing Serial Binary Data interchange, issued in 1997.
Fig.4. Block Diagram.
An RS-232 serial port was once a standard feature of a
personal computer, used for connections to modems,
printers, mice, data storage, uninterruptible power supplies,
and other peripheral devices as shown in Fig.5. However,
RS-232 is hampered by low transmission speed, and large
voltage swing, and large standard connectors, In modem
personal computers, USB has displaced RS-232 from most
of its peripheral interface roles, Many computers do not
come equipped with RS-232 ports and must use either an
external USB-to-RS-232 converter. RS-232 devices are
widely used, especially in industrial machines, networking
equipment and scientific instruments.
RS 232 Pin Diagram:
Fig.5. RS-232 pin diagram.
E. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have materials, which
combine the properties of both liquids and crystals. Rather
than having a melting point, they have a temperature range
within which the molecules are almost as mobile as they
would be in a liquid, but are grouped together in an ordered
form similar to a crystal. An LCD consists of two glass
panels, with the liquid crystal material sand witched in
between them. The inner surface of the glass plates are
coated with transparent electrodes which define the
character, symbols or patterns to be displayed polymeric
layers are present in between the electrodes and the liquid
crystal, which makes the liquid crystal molecules to
maintain a defined orientation angle. One each polarizes are
pasted outside the two glass panels. This polarizer would
rotate the light rays passing through them to a definite angle,
in a particular direction. When the LCD is in the off state,
light rays are rotated by the two polarizes and the liquid
crystal, such that the light rays come out of the LCD without
any orientation, and hence the LCD appears transparent.
When sufficient voltage is applied to the electrodes, the
liquid crystal molecules would be aligned in a specific
direction. The light rays passing through the LCD would be
rotated by the polarizer, which would result in activating/
highlighting the desired characters. The LCD’s are
lightweight with only a few mille meters thickness. Since
the LCD’s consume less power, they are compatible with
low power electronic circuits, and can be powered for long
durations.
Fig.6. Interfacing of LCD to a microcontroller.
The LCD doesn’t generate light and so light is needed to
read the display. By using backlighting, reading is possible
in the dark. The LCD’s have long life and a wide operating
temperature range. Changing the display size or the layout
size is relatively simple which makes the LCD’s more
customers friendly. The LCDs used exclusively in watches,
calculators and measuring instruments are the simple seven-
segment displays, having a limited amount of numeric data
as shown in Fig.6. The recent advances in technology have
resulted in better legibility, more information displaying
capability and a wider temperature range. These have
resulted in the LCDs being extensively used in
telecommunications and entertainment electronics. The
The Traditional ATM Terminal Customer Recognition System Based On Finger Print Recognition
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.03, IssueNo.50, December-2014, Pages: 10074-10081
LCDs have even started replacing the cathode ray tubes
(CRTs) used for the display of text and graphics, and also in
small TV applications. To send any command from table 2
to the LCD, make pin RS=0.for data, make RS=1.Then send
a high to low pulse to the E pin to enable the internal latch
of the LCD.
F. GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication)
GSM, which stands for Global System for Mobile
communications, reigns (important) as the world’s most
widely used cell phone technology. Cell phones use a cell
phone service carrier’s GSM network by searching for cell
phone towers in the nearby area. Global system for mobile
communication (GSM) is a globally accepted standard for
digital cellular communication. GSM is the name of a
standardization group established in 1982 to create a
common European mobile telephone standard that would
formulate specifications for a pan-European mobile cellular
radio system operating at 900 MHz it is estimated that many
countries outside of Europe will join the GSM partnership
as shown in Fig.7.
Fig.7. GSM Module.
G. Fingerprint Module
Fig.8. Fingerprint module image.
Operation Principle: Fingerprint processing includes two
parts: fingerprint enrolment and fingerprint matching (the
matching can be 1:1 or 1: N).When enrolling, user needs to
enter the finger two times as shown in Fig.8. The system
will process the two time finger images, generate a template
of the finger based on processing results and store the
template. When matching, user enters the finger through
optical sensor and system will generate a template of the
finger and compare it with templates of the finger library.
For 1:1 matching, system will compare the live finger with
specific template designated in the Module; for 1: N
matching, or searching, system will search the whole finger
library for the matching finger. In both circumstances,
system will return the matching result, success or failure.
H. Smartcard Module
Fig.9.Memory overview of smartcard module.
Additionally to the above functions the SLE 4442
provides a security code logic which controls the write/erase
access to the memory as shown in Fig.9. For this purpose
the SLE 4442 contains a 4-byte security memory with an
Error Counter EC (bit 0 to bit 2) and 3 bytes reference data.
These 3 bytes as a whole are called Programmable Security
Code (PSC). After power on the whole memory, except for
the reference data, can only be read. Only after a successful
comparison of verification data with the internal reference
data the memory has the identical access functionality of the
SLE 4432 until the power is switched off. After three
successive unsuccessful comparisons the Error Counter
blocks any subsequent attempt, and hence any possibility to
write and erase.
IV. RESULTS
Fig.10.Overview of Project.
K.VEERA MOHAN, T.PUSHPA
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.03, IssueNo.50, December-2014, Pages: 10074-10081
First step of processing of transaction to insert card
Fig.11.
After Insert the Card Reading Card data
Fig.12.
After Reading the Card It will Display Card-2
Fig.13.
Then After Enter Password
Fig.14.
Entering Our Password
Fig.15.
Our Password is Correct Then Go for Next Step Please
Place Your Finger.
Fig.16.
The Traditional ATM Terminal Customer Recognition System Based On Finger Print Recognition
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.03, IssueNo.50, December-2014, Pages: 10074-10081
Finger Un-success Try Again.
Fig.17.
After entering 3times Wrong Pin/Fingerprint, it will
shows FINGER UNSUCESS SENDING MESSAGE.
Fig.18.
It Will Display MESSAGE SEND SUCESS to Our Mobile.
Fig.19.
Finally It Will Display UNAUTHORIZED PERSON
TRYING TO ACCESS YOUR ACCOUNT.
Fig.20.
V. CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE
A. Conclusion
Hence Designed the Atm Terminal Design Based on
Fingerprint Recognition and tested successfully. This
project allows the users to enter into the system when the
match between the stored and captured fingerprint (live
scan) occurs. Otherwise it does not allow the user to enter
into the system and sends the error reporting message i.e.,
alert message to the owner of the system.
B. Future Scope
This project can be extended by this way we can improve
the later stages high security for personal mobile phones,
home applications, automobiles and so on. This can be
extended with automated algorithms for fingerprint
recognition has long been a problem studied in computer
science. Since every person has a unique set of fingerprints,
this method has become common for personal identification.
Databases consisting of millions of fingerprints are stored
on file for this purpose. It is our hope to be able to provide
significant speed improvements in the fingerprint matching
phase. The International Fingerprint Research Group
(IFRG) which meets biennially consists of members of the
leading fingerprint research groups from Europe, the US,
Canada, Australia and Israel and leads the way in the
development, assessment and implementation of new
techniques for operational fingerprint detection. A technique
has been developed that enables fingerprints to be visualized
on metallic and electrically conductive surfaces without the
need to develop the prints first This technique involves the
use of an instrument called a scanning Kelvin probe (SKP),
which measures the voltage, or electrical potential, at pre-set
intervals over the surface of an object on which a fingerprint
may have been deposited.
K.VEERA MOHAN, T.PUSHPA
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research
Volume.03, IssueNo.50, December-2014, Pages: 10074-10081
VI. REFERENCES
[1] http://www.arm.com/.
[2] www.keil.com/microvision.
[3] NXP’S LPC2148 user manual http://www.nxp.com/
documents/user_manual/UM10139.pdf.
[4] OP-69Fingerprint Integrated Module User’s Manual
[5] http://www.wikipedia.org/.
[6] Fingerprint image enhancement: algorithm and
performance evaluation [j]. IEEE transactions on pattern
analysis and machine intelligence.
[7] Esaatci, v tavsanogh. Fingerprint image enhancement
using Conn gabor-cpe filter[c]. Proceedings of the 7th IEEE
international workshop on cellular neural networks and their
applications 2002:
[8] gu j, Zhou j, zhang d.a combination model for
orientation field of fingerprints. Pattern recognition, 2004,
37: 543-553.
[9] Chen h, tian j. a fingerprint matching algorithm with
registration pattern inspection journal of software, 2005,
16(6): 1046-105.
[10] Jun Zhou, guangda sua, Chun hinging. A face and
fingerprint identity authentication system based on multi-
route detection. Neurons computing 70 (2007)922-931.
[11] Yelling he, jie titans, xiping luo, tongue zhang. Image
enhancement and minutiae matching in fingerprint
verification. Pattern recognition letters 24 (2003)1349-1360.
[12] Wei wang, jianwei li, feifei huang, hailiang feng.
Design and implementation of log-Gabor filter in fingerprint
image enhancement. Pattern recognition letters 29
(2008)301-308.
Author’s Profile:
K Veera Mohan, Pursuing his MTech in
Embedded systems from Vignana
Bharathi Institute of Technology,
Aushapur, Ghatkesar, Hyderabad,
Telangana 501301 and received his
B.Tech degree in Electronics And
Communication Engineering from
Sphoorthy Engineering college, ,Nadargul Village, Near
Vanasthalipuram, Sagar Road, Saroornagar Mandal,
Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Email:[email protected]
Ms .T.Pushpa, Received his B.TECH
Degree in Electronics and Communica-
tion Engineering from Srinivasa
Engineering College Nizamabad,
Telangana and received his M.tech in
VLSI Design from Vathsalya
engineering college, anantharam,
bhuvanagiri,- Nalagonda Telangana. And working as a
Assistant professor for Dept of Electronics And
Communication Engineering in Vignana Bharathi Institute
of Technology, Aushapur, Ghatkesar,Hyderabad, Telangana
501301.