The Study Proposal

The Study Proposal

A. Preliminary Page

1. Cover or Title Page - consists of proposed study title, submission statement, degree statement, author’s or authors’ name(s), month and year of expected completion.

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VANCOMYCIN RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus AMONG MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY INTERNS AT A TERTIARY

HOSPITAL IN MANILA, PHILIPPINES]]

10 - 12 single spaces]]

Undergraduate ThesisSubmitted to the Faculty of the

Department of Medical TechnologyCollege of Nursing

Cavite State UniversityIndang, Cavite

]]

10 single spaces]]

In partial fulfillmentof the requirements for the degree

Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology]]

10 - 12 single spaces]]

MARY LYNETH C. APURAREY A. JAVIER JR.

PETER PAUL M. RAMOS1 single space only

April 2014

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Study Proposal Guide

arranged alphabetically

2. Approval sheet - contains the university logo with the letterhead, name of college, department, author’s or authors’ name(s), proposed study title, names of signatories and dates.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Republic of the Philippines

CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITYDon Severino de las Alas Campus

Indang, Cavite(046) 4150-013 loc 232

www.cvsu.edu.ph 12

COLLEGE OF NURSING12

Department of Medical Technology]

3 - 4 single spaces]

Authors: APURA, MARY LYNETH C.JAVIER JR., REY A. RAMOS, PETER PAUL M.

12

Title: VANCOMYCIN RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus AMONG MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY INTERNS AT A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN MANILA, PHILIPPINES

123

APPROVED:123

RONALYN S. SANCHEZ, RMT _____ ADELAIDA E. SANGALANG, PhD _____ Adviser Date Technical Critic Date

123

FLORDELIZA A. DE GUZMAN, RMT, MAT _____ NENITA B. PANALIGAN, RN, MAN _____Department Chairman Date College Research Coordinator Date

1234

LENILA A. DE VERA, RN, MPH, MAN _______ Dean Date

Note: Original copy to be filed in the University Library and one copy to be distributed to the following: Adviser, Technical Critic. University Research Center, College Research Coordinator, College Library and Thesis students.

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4 - 7 spaces below the proposed title

B. Body of the Proposal

1. Introduction - give an overview of the study and catch the attention of the reader- contains the study title, author’s or authors’name(s) and manuscript IDa. Background of the study or introductory paragraph

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ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTY OF Bauhinia monandra LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST SELECTED PATHOGENS

Junee Elleigh C. OwayYrhiz F. Oway

Lindsay Marie V. Reyes

A undergraduate thesis proposal submitted to the faculty of the Department of Medical Technology, College of Nursing, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology with Contribution No. ________________, Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Adelaida E. Sangalang.

INTRODUCTION

Plants were being used up in various studies to uncover any therapeutic property to fight

off diseases especially to eradicate the microorganisms which cause such diseases. These studies

were made on plants which are locally available. Bauhinia monandra is a native of south eastern

Asia and is widely planted in the Philippines as an ornamental flowering tree. It grows 3 to 15.2

m in height and 0.5 m in diameter. The leaves are deeply lobed and are shaped like butterfly

wings. The smooth gray bark of the tree becomes scaly and reddish brown as it grows older

(Connor, 2002).


Not much information is known about Bauhinia monandra but discovery of this plant’s

uses is still in progress. It is used traditionally as a treatment for diabetes in Brazil. This

hypoglycemic activity was evaluated in a study conducted by Alade et al. (2011).

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------b. Statement of the problem

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Statement of the Problem

This study determined the hypoglycemic effects of Angelica keiskei koidzumi (ashitaba)

and Annona squamosa Linn. (atis) on alloxan-induced diabetic male mice.

Specifically, it answered the following questions:

1. What are the blood glucose concentrations of the mice before and after weekly

administration of ashitaba tea and atis tea?

2. Is there a significant difference between the effects of ashitaba tea and

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c. Objectives of the study-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Objectives of the Study

Generally, this study aims to determine the antimicrobial property of Bauhinia monandra

against selected microorganisms.

Specifically, this study aims to:

1. determine the constituents of Bauhinia monandra through phytochemical analysis;

2. determine which plant extract will be more potent as an antimicrobial agent; and

3. determine which pathogen will be most susceptible to the plant extract.

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d. Significance of the study-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Significance of the Study

This study can be used to establish the antimicrobial property of Bauhinia monandra

against selected pathogens which will be utilized as the test subjects. This plant is a convenient

source of antimicrobial agent as it can be seen locally. It can also be used as a basis of new drugs

and in providing natural remedy to diseases caused by pathogens developing resistance to

multiple drugs.

People of the community will benefit from this study because it is just planted along the

highways as ornamental plant. If proven effective, they can continue using the leaves of this

plant as a treatment for certain

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e. Time and place of the study

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Time and Place of the Study

The leaves of Bauhinia monandra will be collected at Tagaytay City, Cavite beside

Tagaytay Sports Complex. Samples will be sent to University of the Philippines Los Baños

Botanical Herbarium for authentication in Los Baños, Laguna. Then, the samples will be

submitted to the Department of Science and Technology in Taguig, Metro Manila for

phytochemical analysis. Rotary evaporation method will be done at De La Salle University

Dasmariñas Interdisciplinary Science and Research Unit in Dasmariñas, Cavite to concentrate

the crude extract. The selected pathogens used in the study will be procured from the National

Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of the Philippines Los Baños. The

experimentation will be conducted at the laboratory of the Department of Medical Technology,

College of Nursing, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite from February to October 2015.


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f. Scope and limitation of the study-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study will only use hexane and ethanol leaf extracts of Bauhinia monandra against

selected pathogens to serve as test subjects which includes Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis,

Candida tropicalis and Fusarium oxysporum. This will be conducted in view of obtaining

pertinent information on the antimicrobial property of Bauhinia monandra leaf extracts.

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g. Definition of Terms-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Definition of Terms

To explain the following terms simply, the following are defined:

Hypoglycemic effect refers to the components present in the plant or drug that can lower

blood sugar levels.

Angelica keiskei koidzumi or simply ashitaba is a herbal plant native in the island of

Hachijo in Japan. Its yellow sap contains chalcones (4-hydroxyderricin and xanthoangelol) with

hypoglycemic effects.

Annona squamosa Linn. or simply atis is a tree native to the West Indies and South

America. Its leaves have quercetin-3-O-glucoside that possesses hypoglycemic property.

FDA ICR (Food and Drug Administration Institute of Cancer Research) strain Mus

musculus is a ten to twelve week old albino mice purchased at the Food and Drugs

Administration in Alabang, Metro Manila.

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h. Theoretical and/or conceptual framework of the study


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2. Review of Related Literature

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Bauhinia species

As cited by Sousa Menezes et al. (2007), Bauhinia species encompass 300 plants cultivated

worldwide in tropical areas. In Brazil and in other countries, aqueous extracts of leaves, stems,

and roots of Bauhinia species specifically B. cheilantha, B. rufescens, B. ungulata, B. forficata,

B. splendens, and B. glabra are widely used for the treatment of several diseases including

infections, pain processes and diabetes. In Africa, Asia, South America and Central America,

several Bauhinia species are utilized as folk medicines. A wide range of compounds have been


isolated and identified, mainly lactones, flavonoids, terpenoids, glicolipids, glucosyl steroids,

steroids, tannins and quinines.

Studies on the Other Species of the Genus Bauhinia

In the study conducted by Sardessai et al. (2013), the n-hexane extract of the stem bark of

Bauhinia purpurea was screened for phytochemical and antimicrobial property. The presence of

fatty acids, triterpenoids, steroids, alkaloids and phytol esters was revealed in the preliminary

phytochemical studies. They used Well Diffusion and Tube Dilution Method in carrying out the

antimicrobial screening of n-hexane extract with 6 bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis,

Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium,

Klebsiella species) and 2 fungal strains (Aspergillus niger and Claviceps purpurea) as test

subjects. The study found the n-hexane extract to be significantly effective towards bacterial as

well as fungal strains. They attributed the antimicrobial activity of the plant to its bioactive

constituents.

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3. Methodology Experimental research

a. Materialsb. Methods

i. Experimental unitsii. Experimental design

iii. Treatmentsiv. Lay-out of the experimentv. Data to be gathered

vi. Statistical treatment of data

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Please check the different style of presenting the methodology that will fit in your study.

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Social researchb. Research designc. Hypothesisd. Sources of datae. Participants of the studyf. Sampling techniqueg. Data to be gatheredh. Statistical treatment of data

4. References - Use APA 6th edition or Zotero app in citing your references.- All references should be arranged alphabetically.

C. Appendices

1. Research instruments2. Data sheets3. Letter requests4. Memorandum of agreement5. Timetable of activities6. Budgetary requirements of the study

OTHER CONCERNS

1. All research paper should be computerized and printed in a letter size white bond paper.2. The font style should be Times New Roman, size 12. Font size less than 12 can be used in tables

with numerous entries.3. The left margin of each page should be 1.5 in, while the top, bottom and right should be 1 inch

each.4. Each paragraph should be indented 5 single spaces (or one tab) from the left margin.5. Three single spaces should be used between the chapter headings and the text that follows. The

rest should be double space.6. Each subtopic title should be written 2 single spaces below the last part of the preceding topic.7. The references should be written in hanging indent format, single-spaced and flushed to the left

margin.8. The page numbers should be places at the top right of the page. The first page of every chapter

should have imaginary page numbers,9. For tables, follow the format seen below. Use 1 point line for all horizontal lines and maintain

1.5 spaces between entries. In case that the tables are split in separate pages, the next half should be titles “Table #. Continued.”.

10. For the figures, follow the format seen below. In case that the figure is too large, it can be reduced.

11. All non-English terms and scientific names should be italicized.12. SI units should be used. If the units are not preceded by Arabic numbers, it should be spelled

out.13. Always spell out numbers 1 to 9, while 10 and above should be written in Arabic numerals.

Cardinals are also spelled out.


14. If the sentence begins with a figure, it should be spelled out.15. Fractions should be spelled out except when preceded by a whole number.16. All acronyms and abbreviated terms in parentheses should occur only after their first reference

in the text.17. All proper nouns are capitalized.18. Use present tense for presenting theories, philosophies, generalizations and conclusions. Use

past tense in discussing the results of the study. Use future tense when writing your outline for proposal defense.


The Study Proposal

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