State of the art in Firefighting

on Oil Terminals

Carsten Zilmer Holbæk, Terminal Manager

Inter Terminals SGOT Aps

Mobile: +45 24 66 34 84

Carsten.Holbaek@interterminals.com

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The Beginning! 50 Years with Oil in Stigsnaes

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Evolution

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State of the art in Firefighting

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Upgrade of old firefighting equipment

1. The project

1. All Tanks to be covered: 20.000 K€

2. Only 11 Tanks to be covered 7.000 K€

2. Building the Foam system

3. Testing the system

• Rim-seal fire: Fully Automated

� Start fire fighting by PC

• Tankfarm fire: Semi Automated

� Start fire fighting

• Set up Foam guns manually 2 trailers with 4 guns and 2 km

hose each

• Start the pumps by PC.

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The project

• The Danish authorities increased in January 2010 the requirements for fire protection of

Terminals witch are storing flammable liquids, see BEK28 on technical regulations for

flammable liquids.

• According to the technical regulations tanks with capacity greater than 10,000 storage units

for liquids of Class I and II and tank farms should be fitted with foam system.

• Furthermore, tanks that store Class III liquids, and which is less than 50 meters from Class I or

II tanks should be fitted with irrigation.

• In the spring of 2010 the English company Resource Protection International ( RPI) made a

fire protection study for SGOT, and as a result of high costs to meet future requirements for

fire safety in all tanks, a restriction of freedom was decided to retain liquids Class II and III.

Inter Terminals - liquids Class II :

JET FUEL flash point > 38 ° C

Cutter Light cycle oil with a flash point > 51 º C

Inter Terminals - liquids Class III :

GAS OIL flash point > 55 ° C

Biodiesel (max. 30%) with a flash point < 100 ° C.

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• Tanks with a total volume of approx. 409,000 m³, was equipped with permanently installed foam system for any storage of Class II and III liquids.

• Tanks for storage of Class III liquids closer than 50 meters from the tanks with storage of Class II liquids was provided with irrigation systems .

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Risk Assessment

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Application and Approval

• The Application was sent to the authorities on 10 November 2010.

• DEMA (Danish Emergency Management Agency) permission was granted on 22 December

2011 on the basis of the Agency's terms for authorization of 12 December 2011.

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Approval and terms

• Most significant terms:

� The authorities approved the use of mobile plant or mobile equipment for foam

extinguishing of tank farm fires.

� Foam extinguishing system response for tank farm fires, should have a capacity of

approx. 92 m³ foam concentrate liquid and approx. 14,500 liters/Minute

� Develop a risk assessment and contingency planning for foam preparedness for tank

farm fires, which has to be approved by Emergency Management and other authorities.

� Foam plants for extinguishing the RIM seal and full-surface fires will be established in

accordance with the requirements of TFBV and NFPA 11

� Foam facilities for foam cover at tank farms to be established based on the requirements

of TFBV and NFPA 11 with a foam concentrate needs 91 m³.

� Irrigation networks for cooling the tanks are carried out according to the requirements in

TFBV and IP 19.

� Fire water system is performed with a "reserve" of 4,500 liters. minute for fire and

rescue services at the request of DEMA

� ABA systems and CCTV systems will be established in agreement with DEMA.

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The Building process

• Foam system:

• To meet the requirements for capabilities of foam systems and hydrants used 2 pcs existing

diesel fire pumps each with the following data:

• Q flow 1000 m3/h (16,667 liters / min)

• H lifting height 102 meters head.

• Fire water will be seawater intake through 2 pcs. DN 600 intake pipes fitted with filters at

inlet.

• Existing underground steel pipes for pumps will, where necessary, be replaced with plastic

pipes in material PE in dimension DN 400 (ø400 x 23.7 mm) to meet the requirement of a

sufficient min. pressure of 40 meters head at the tanks foam generators and irrigation

nozzles.

• Operator must under current regulations provide that the diesel tank is filled up by alarm and

when the tank is full alarm will be disabled. The minimum tank capacity of 2500 l meaning

that one fire pump can be kept in continuous operation for approx. 30 hours before the tank

is empty.

• There wil be installed 2 pcs. 100% foam pumps which are driven by water turbine with a

partial flow from the diesel fire pumps each with a capacity of

� Q 30 m3/hour flow (500 l / min)

� H lifting height 110 meters head.

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Layout-plan

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Layout-plan

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• Tank Coverage

• All tanks with fixed roofs, which is scheduled Cl. II and Cl. III products is designed for full

surface coverage with a specific foam capacity of 4.1 l/min/m2.

Foam coverage made with permanently installed equipment.

• All valves for water and foam to foam systems and valves for irrigation is remote controlled

with electric drive. The valves are normally closed and can only be activated for testing and

active fire fighting.

• Upon activation of the fire switch or alarm fire detection system will diesel pumps

automatically start up at a lower speed of approx. 700 rpm as soon as possible to get the

pipes filled with water. Bleeding the piping is done using mechanical ventilation valves or

valves with electric drive.

• When a fire is detected, a start signal for the tank for active fire fighting and will automatically

place the following:

• Foam system water valve opens automatically using its electric drive

• The pipe system to the current tank is vented and fire pumps operate automatically to the

normal discharge pressure of approx. 9.5 bar. This procedure will prevent damage of piping

systems as a result of uncontrolled water hammer

• While the pumps running up to normal speed will foam valve automatically open using

electric drive and the active fire fighting is in operation and can be started.

• After the fire fighting or testing both water and foam pipe will be drained.

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Layout-plan

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Layout-plan

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• The system does not consists of fixed foam cover equipment of tanks farms, but with mobile/portable

devices.

• It will be possible to have both fire pumps and two foam plants in operation simultaneously with

consequent increased foam cover. The enhanced foam cover will depend on the equipment and the

distance from the pump construction as a result of the pressure drop in the equipment and piping.

• Foam extinguishing installations equipped with standard approved foam generators for equal distribution

of foam on the tanks.

• Floating roof tanks, the foam generators being situated higher than the tanks shroud edge whereby it is

physically not possible to products that can penetrate into the foam pipe and generators.

• At fixed roof tanks will be established a lyre ranked higher than the tanks shell edge thus physically not

possible that there may penetrate products upstream of foam pipe.

• Above ground piping will be made of hot galvanized steel for fire protection. Under-ground pipelines and

pipelines in the pump housing to be built in plastic in quality PE.

• The type of foam to be 3% AFFF-LF Low Freeze Class B for hydrocarbon fuels.

Accredited to EN 1568 Part 3 (3%)

• The total design fire quantity of water is 1000 m3/hr (16,667 liters / min.).

• Foam Liquid will be stored in a storage tank of stainless steel or fiberglass insulated and the trace and

placed under an overhang.

• Foam Pump and valve placed frost-free in the same room as fire pumps.

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P&I Plans

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CE-Certificate

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Layout-plan

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Components

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Fire Detection system

• Fire Detection system:

• Fire detection system performed by DBI Guideline 232 "Automatic fire alarm systems",

including testing and component standards in DS/EN54 "Fire detection and fire alarm

systems.”

• Fire detection is carried out by means of heat-sensitive cables. For floating roof tanks

mounted cables on the floating roof foam barrier and for tanks with fixed roof mounted

cables at all vents.

• From the stand placed a fire-safe two-wire cable to the top of the tank where it is connected

to the heat sensitive cable. As the heat sensitive cable is proposed a digital two-wire type,

which at the exceeding of a predetermined temperature (at least 79 ° C / max. Of 95 ° C) of> 5

sec. establish a short circuit in the cable and thereby gives an alarm at the control panel. The

cable is a two-wire with an outer diameter of <5 mm.

• After a fire, the area of the cable which have been exposed to direct flame or heat above 79 °

C changed.

• In floating roof tanks the heat cable is fitted in the middle of Rim Seal.

• On tanks with fixed roofs kept the heat cable around the tank roof and over all vents.

• Visual monitoring of the terminal is done by 8 pcs video cameras. In Port Office control

stations and terminal fire station installed 40" flat screens for viewing surveillance images.

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Surveillance

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Visual surveillance systems

• Establish a visual surveillance systems where both under normal visibility in the dark / fog can

identify and observe any fire from the terminal's own operational security, the fire

department of fire services. The system can also be extended so that monitoring can be

remotely displayed.

• The cameras will be installed on 4 pieces 30 m high masts, each with 2 video cameras, 1 day /

night camera and 1 thermo graphic camera. Each camera is encased in a weatherproof

camera housing equipped with heating and sprinkler / wiper. Below each mast is located 2

pcs. 25 liters sprinkler tank with sprinkler pump.

• The server and hard disk recorder is installed in the port office. This can store recordings for

min. 14 days.

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Heat-sensitive cables

9 km of cable

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Commissioning

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Trailer:

• 1 pcs. Waterwall

• 2 pcs. Hosebaskets w. 2x15 mtr.

• 93 pcs. A-hoses 15 mtr.

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Logistics

Where to place the hoses!!

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Fire Station 2013

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Fire Pump Control

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Accesories

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Action Cards

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Action Cards

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Testing and using the system

• Requirements originally:

• DEMA:

� All of the foam generators have to be testet with foam liquid once a year.

� The Cooling system and pumps have to be tested once a year.

� All valves in the system have to be tested once a year.

• Environmental Authorities:

� The Foam concentrate must not get into the Great Belt.

� The Foam concentrate must not get into the API, Oil Seperator.

� All of the water and foam mixtures must be collected after use.

� What is the toxic impact of the AFFF-LF foam?

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Reports and investigations

• Toxic report and recommendations:

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The Yearly Test

• The test of foam generators.

� We need 3 mobile tanks 30 m³ each

• Total use:

� 200 m³ Sea Water

� 6 m³ Foam Concentrate

� Hose for connecting discarge to mobile tank

� Aggreement with a company, witch can handle the mixed seawater with Foam, ie.

Chemical Disposal Plant.

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Media: Brandvæsen

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