The Search for MB Alternatives Continues During 2005.
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Transcript of The Search for MB Alternatives Continues During 2005.
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The Search for MB Alternatives Continues During 2005.
University of Georgia
Tifton Campus
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OBJECTIVES
1. Find effective and economical alternatives
2. Reduce the amount of MB used in GA
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Efforts Have Focused
1. Fumigants
2. Mulch Types
3. Herbicides
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Fumigants and Rates (2002 to 2004)
1. Methyl Bromide 2. Chloropicrin3. Vapam4. Telone II fb chloropicrin5. Telone II fb metam6. Telone C35 fb chloropicrin7. MIDAS8. DMDS alone and with chloropicrin
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Spring 2005 Efforts
1. Replicated small plot research trials2. Replicated field trials (10-20 acres)3. Demonstration trials (>120 acres)
Evaluated over 30 possible fumigant combinations
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Fall 2005 Efforts
1. Compared three fumigant alternatives2. Compared various types of plastic mulch
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Fumigant Options
1. Telone II fb Chloropicrin fb Vapam
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Telone II (12 G) fb Vapam (75 G)
V4-05, 60 DAT
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Telone C35 (35 G) fb Pic (150 lbs)
V4-05, 60 DAT
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Telone II (12 G) fb Chloropicrin (150 lbs) fb Vapam (75 G)
V4-05, 60 DAT
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Fumgiant Options*
1. Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam2. MIDAS (methyl iodide plus chloropicrin)3. DMDS (dimethyl disulfide plus chloropicrin)4. MB (methyl bromide plus chloropicrin)5. None
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Soil Properties and Application Method Will Play A Crucial Role
Picture provided by Tony Weiss, Dow Agro.
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MIDAS, Bromide, Pic and Exp.
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Applications of Telone II
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rototiller blades
nozzles for KPAM
Vapam Application
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Second Attempt
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Metam Application
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Fall Fumgiant Treatments
1. Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam2. MIDAS (methyl iodide plus chloropicrin)3. DMDS (dimethyl disulfide plus chloropicrin)4. MB (methyl bromide plus chloropicrin)5. None
Rates are broadcast: Telone II 12 G, chlororpicrin 150 lb, Vapam 75 G; MIDAS (50:50 mixture) 350 lbs; DMDS (80:20 mixture) 750 lbs; MB (67:33) 350 lbs.
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Mulches*
1. Low density polyethylene (2 types)2. Metalized smooth (2 brands)3. Metalized embossed 4. VIF (2 brands)
LDPE mulch white on black, metalized mulch silver on white, VIF black on black
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Searching For Methyl Bromide Alternatives To Manage Nutsedge
A. Stanley Culpepper and MANY others; University of Georgia
Treatments and Fumigants Applied: July 14, 2005
Prelude II Squash Planted on August 10, 2005.
Photos taken on August 30, 2005.
See Summary Information for application procedures etc.
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In Field Cooperators
Hendrix and Dale
John Mirusso
Dow Agro SciencesArvesta
Cerexagri
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MB 76 ab
MIDAS 79 a
DMDS 69 ab
T2+Pic+Vapam 77 ab
Fumigants LDPE
Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants. Ponder Farm, 2005.
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MB 76 ab ($450)*
MIDAS 79 a ($??)
DMDS 69 b ($??)
T2+Pic+Vapam 77 ab ($362)
Fumigants LDPE
Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants. Ponder Farm, 2005.
*Culpepper’s cost per acre for 2006. Three way 24% cheaper than MB at 350 lb.
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MB 76 de 94 ab
MIDAS 79 cd 94 ab
DMDS 69 e 99 a
T2+Pic+Vapam 77 de 87 bc
Fumigants LDPE
Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005.
Metalized Smooth
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MB 76 cde 94 ab 82 bc
MIDAS 79 cd 94 ab 83 bc
DMDS 69 def 99 a 65 ef
T2+Pic+Vapam 77 cd 87 abc 63 f
Fumigants LDPE
Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005.
Metalized
smooth embossed
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MB 76 c-f 94 ab 82 bcd 100 a
MIDAS 79 cde 94 ab 83 bcd 100 a
DMDS 69 def 99 a 65 ef 98 a
T2+Pic+ Vapam
77 c-f 87 abc 63 f 90 abc
Fumigants LDPE
Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005.
Metalized
smooth embossed VIF
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No fumigant
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MB 350 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
White Surface
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MB 350 lb/A Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
Silver Surface
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MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
White Surface
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MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
Silver Surface
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White Surface
Telone II (12 Gal) fb Pic (150 lb) fb Vapam (75 G) Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
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Silver Surface
Telone II (12 Gal) fb Pic (150 lb) fb Vapam (75 G) Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
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White Surface
DMDS 750 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch
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Silver Surface
DMDS 750 lbs Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch
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Much research is still needed on metalized mulches:
1. Interval between fumigating and planting.
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VIF LDPE
Telone II fb chloropicrin
Transplanted 21 DAT
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Much research is still needed on metalized mulches:
1. Interval between fumigating and planting.
2. Difficulty to lay.
3. Flaking.
4. Longevity compared to standard LDPE mulch.
5. Verify results noted in this trial.
6. Higher price.
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MB $748 $1008
MIDAS ?? ??
DMDS ?? ??
T2+Pic+ Vapam
$659 $920
Fumigants LDPE
Cost of Systems Per Acre, 2006.
Metalized
smooth
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Can we reduce the rate of these fumigants when applied under
metalized smooth mulch?
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Number of Nutsedge Emerged Through Mulch with Methyl Bromide Applied Under LDPE or Metalized
Smooth Mulch. 4 WAT. LTF, Fall 2005.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
MB 400 lb, LDPE
MB 300 lb, LDPE
MB 300 lb, Met. S
MB 200 lb, Met. S
a
d
b
c
Plots were 3 beds by 1500 row feet. Counts made on 3 beds 400 row feet.
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Not Saying There is a Consistent MB Alternative BUT its Time to Try Some Things!!
Questions or Comments?