The Rise of Christianity
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Transcript of The Rise of Christianity
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Chapter 6 Section 4
THE RISE OF CHRISTIANITY
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JesusApostlePaulDiaspora
ConstantineBishopPeterPope
KEY TERMS
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Roman power came to Judea in 63 BC
Judea at first was independent
AD 6 made of province of Rome
God promised to send a messiah to restore the kingdom
THE LIFE AND TEACHINGS OF JESUS
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Between 4 and 6 BC Jesus was born Born in Bethlehem Raised in Nazareth Baptized by John the
Baptist Was a carpenter
Age 30 began public ministry
Christianity- teachings of Jesus of Nazareth
JESUS OF NAZARETH
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Taught for three yearsPerformed miraclesTaught 10
CommandmentsGods personal
relationship with manGod would end
wickednessEstablish kingdom
after death for people who repent for their sins
JESUS OF NAZARETH
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Teaching are from the Gospel
First 4 books of New Testament
Little historical reference
Written by his disciplesDisciples small group
of followers Apostles-12 men
especially chosen by Jesus
A GROWING MOVEMENT
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His fame grewAttracted large
crowdsIgnore wealth
message for the poor.
“Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the world”
A GROWING MOVEMENT
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Roman and Jewish leaders concerned
AD 29 Jesus visited Jerusalem
Greeted as king and messiah
Chief priests denied he was the messiah
Teachings were blasphemy
JESUS’ DEATH
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Pontius Pilate accused Jesus of defying Rome
Pilate sentenced him to be crucified
Body disappears from the tomb
Jesus started to appear
Ascended into heavenBecame Jesus Christ
(Greek for savior)
JESUS’ DEATH
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Followers spread message of triumph over death
New religion based on Jesus’ messages
Spread throughout the empire
CHRISTIANITY SPREADS THROUGH AN EMPIRE
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Influence on development of Christianity
Had a vision of JesusSpread message for
the rest of his lifePax Romana
provided ideal conditions Travel Exchange of ideas
APOSTLE PAUL
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Latin and Greek easily understood
Paul wrote EpistlesJesus was the son of
God who died for people’s sins
Christianity welcomed all converts
Enabled it to become more than local religion
Paul dispersed with some Jewish requirements to become Christian
APOSTLE PAUL
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AD 66 Jews rebelled
AD 70 Romans stormed Jerusalem
Destroyed the Temple
Western wall all that is left
Jews in Massada held out till AD 71
JEWISH REBELLION
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AD 132Half a million
Jews dieJewish political
state ceased to exists for 1800 years
Diaspora- Jews driven from their home
JEWISH REBELLION
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Christians refused to worship Roman gods
Rulers used Christians as scapegoats
Roman imprisoned or executed Christians
Thousands crucified, burned, killed by wild animal
Marty-person willing to die for an idea
PERSECUTION OF CHRISTIANS
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Despite persecution become a powerful force
Why Christianity grewEmbraced all peopleGave hope to the powerless
Appealed to those who repelled extravagances
Promised eternal life
A WORLD RELIGION
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AD 312 fighting three rivals
Milvian Bridge battle he prays and sees a cross
Orders artisans to put the cross on their shield
Constantine victorious
Edict of Milan-approves Christianity
CONSTANTINE ACCEPTS CHRISTIANITY
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AD 380 Theodosius mad it the emperor’s offi cial religion
Priest led each small group
Bishop-supervised several local churches
Peter traveled to Rome and became the first bishop
EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
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Jesus referred to Peter as the rock
Eucharist-memory of last supper (bread and wine)
All priests and bishops trace authority to him
Every major city has a bishop
Peter was the fi rst PopeBishop of Rome was
leader of the whole church
EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH
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Disagreements developed
Hersey- anyone who did not believe
Compiled New Testament
Contained the 4 Gospels, the Epistles of Paul
A SINGLE VOICE
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New Testament added to Hebrew Bible
AD 325 Constantine solidifies teachings
Calls leaders to Nicaea in Anatolia
Nicene Creed- defined the beliefs of the church
A SINGLE VOICE
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Fathers of the Church
Augustine Bishop of Hippo AD 346
Augustine taught people they needed grace of God to be saved
Had to receive the sacraments
THE FATHERS OF THE CHURCH
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After Rome was sacked
The city of God could not be destroyed
As Christianity rose Rome declined
Increasing foreign and domestic problems
THE FATHERS OF THE CHURCH