THE PLANT KINGDOM

Characteristics of All Plants•Eukaryotic

•Multicellular

•Autotrophic (make their own food through

photosynthesis)

•Do not move

•Cells contain cell walls and chloroplasts

•Undergo transpiration, water evaporates from

openings the plant’s leaves causing water that is

deeper to be drawn out

Photosynthesis- the process plants use to make food•Occurs inside the chloroplasts of a plant’s cells• Chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight• The chloroplasts then use that energy to combine CO2 and H2O to produce glucose and oxygen•Glucose- an energy rich carbohydrate; serves as a food source for the plant• **when we consume plants our cells use the glucose to make energy

Photosynthesis Chemical Reaction

Respiration•Takes place in the mitochondria of both plant and animal cells•Breaks down glucose in order to release and use the energy it contains

VASCULAR PLANTS VS. NON-VASCULAR PLANTS

Structures of Vascular Plants•Roots•Provide support and anchor plants

•Stems•Transport food and water and act as supporting structures

•Leaves•Conduct photosynthesis

•Vascular plants have systems

of tubes (xylem and phloem) for

the transport of nutrients and

water

• The xylem of a plant is the

system of tubes and transport

cells that circulates water and

dissolved minerals; it also

provides support

• The phloem cells are laid out

end-to-end throughout the

entire plant, transporting the

sugars and other molecules

created by the plant.

Xylem Phloem

One way

transport

only

Two w

ay

transp

ort