Science AHSGE Standard III-2 Kingdom Plantae. Kingdom Plantae Multicellular Eukaryotic...
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Transcript of Science AHSGE Standard III-2 Kingdom Plantae. Kingdom Plantae Multicellular Eukaryotic...
Science AHSGE
Standard III-2 Kingdom Plantae
Kingdom Plantae
Multicellular Eukaryotic Autotrophic/producers- Make their own
food Chlorophyll- green pigment found in the
chloroplasts of plant cells Photosynthesis- Light energy to chemical
energy Need Carbon dioxide and water to produce
glucose and oxygen Glucose: sugar, starch, and carbohydrates
Vascular vs. Nonvascular
Nonvascular (Bryophyta)- Plants containing no vascular tissues; no roots
Require water for reproduction and nutrient transport
Live in moist, shady environments
Three types: 1. Mosses2. Liverworts3. Hornworts
Vascular- Plants containing vascular tissues (conducting/transporting tissues); have roots
Two tissues together in a vascular bundle: 1. Xylem- transports water
from roots throughout the plant
2. Phloem- transports food from leaves throughout the plant; mostly to roots for storage
The Plant Kingdom
Mistletoe- Nonvascular Oak tree- Vascular
Nonvascular Plants- Bryophyta
Mosses
Nonvascular Plants- Bryophyta
Hornwort
Liverwort
Two Types of Vascular Plants
Spore-bearing Reproduce by spores Horsetails Clubmosses Whisk ferns Pterophyta- ferns
Alternation of Generations
Gametophyte (n) Sporophyte (2n)
Frond- leaf of a fern Spores are found on
the back
Seed-bearing
Vascular Plants
Fern Spores on back of frond
Two-types of Seed-bearing Plants
Gymnosperm Naked seeds (not protected) Winged seeds Wind pollinated Conifers- produce cones
Female cones are larger; contain ovules
Male cones are smaller; contain pollen
Needle-like leaves Evergreen- stay green all
year; leaves are continually replaced
Examples: Pine, Fir, Cedar, Redwood, Spruce
Angiosperm Protected seeds in fruit Produce flowers Colorful to attract
pollinators Broad-shaped leaves Deciduous- Lose all
leaves once a year; remain dormant in the winter
Examples: Maple, Oak, Apple, Pear, Tomato, Pecan, Rose
Gymnosperms
Female cones
Male cones
Vascular Plants- Gymnosperms
Pine Trees
Spruce Trees
Two Types of Angiosperms
Monocots Herbaceous- Low
growing; soft green stem
One cotyledon (seed leaf)- Food for embryo inside a seed
Leaves with parallel veination
Scattered/random vascular bundles
Fibrous/Adventitious root system
Dicots Woody- Heightened;
tough, wooden stem Two cotyledons Leaves with net-like
veination Vascular bundles in
rings Tap-root/Primary and
adventitious root system
Vascular Plants- Angiosperms
Crab Apple Tree
Oak tree
Sweet Gum
Veination
Monocot Dicot
Vascular Bundles
Root Systems
Roots
Root cap- Thick wall of dead cells at the tip of a root; protects it as it grows
Root hairs- Increase surface area for more water absorption
Plant Growth
Meristem- Areas of cells which divide allowing for primary growth of a plant
Plant Growth
Cambium- Area of cells between the xylem and phloem which divide allowing for secondary growth of a plant
Outer Plant Parts
Epidermis- Skin covering of a plant Cuticle- Waxy substance covering a
leaf Stomata- Openings on the underside
of a leaf where gases are exchanged and transpiration takes place Guard cells- Open and close stomata
Leaf Parts
Flower Parts
Pistil- Female reproductive organ Stigma- Sticky top for
attachment of pollen Style- Elongated
portion leading from the stigma to the ovary
Pollen tube- tube leading from the stigma down the style to the ovary
Ovary- Contains ovules (eggs)
Stamen- Male reproductive organ Anther- Pollen-
producing structure at tip of filament
Filament- stalk-like structure which holds the anther up
Flower Parts (Monoecious)