The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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Transcript of The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 cranial nerves outside the CNS
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I. Spinal Nerves
Lead to and from the spinal cordPlexuses- “braid”, cluster of nerves
except T2-T12
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I. Spinal NervesA. Cervical / brachial plexus- 8 nerves
around the 7 cervical vertebraeB. Thoracic- 12 nerves around 12 thoracic
vertebrae; not a plexusC. Lumbar- 5 nerves around 5 lumbar
vertebrae; cauda equina- horse tail appearance
D. Sacral plexus- 5 nerves around sacrumE. Coccygeal nerve- 1 nerve around
coccyx
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I. Spinal NervesF. 13 Spinal Nerve
Branches To Know:1. Phrenic- diaphragm2. Axillary- circumflex
shoulder3. Ulnar- arm and hand
muscles; senses4. Median-
“5. Radial-
“6. Pudendal- perineal
muscles in genitalia, senses
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I. Spinal Nerves
F. 13 Spinal Nerve Branches To Know:7. Femoral- leg muscles8. Lateral Femoral Cutaneous- senses of thigh9. Saphenous- towards patella, senses10. Sciatic- largest nerve- ¾ in diameter, back thigh, muscles11. Tibial- off sciatic, lower leg, senses12. Common Peroneal- leg and foot muscles, senses13. Medial Cutaneous- lower leg, senses
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II. Cranial NervesConsist of bundles of axonsNamed based on primary function or structure that
they serveA. Three Kinds- sensory, motor, mixed
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II. Cranial NervesB. Cranial Nerves to Know:
I. Olfactory- smell- SII. Optic- vision- SIII. Oculomotor- eye mover- MIV. Trochlear- eye mover- MV. Trigeminal- largest, chewing,
sensation-BVI. Abducens- eye mover-MVII. Facial- taste, tears- B
I. Olfactory
II. Optic
III. Oculomotor
IV. Trochlear
V. Trigeminal
VI. Abducens
VII. Facial
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II. Cranial NervesB. Cranial Nerves to Know:
VIII-Vestibulocochlear- hearing, balance- S
IX- Glossopharyngeal- taste, moves tongue- B
X- Vagus- thoracic and abdominal cavities- B
XI- Accessory- helps vagus nerve, larynx, pharynx, upper shoulder muscles- M
XII- Hypoglossal-moves tongue- M
VII. Vestibulocochlear
IX. Glossopharyngeal
X. Vagus
XI. Accessory
XII. Hypoglossal
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II. Cranial Nerves
WAYS TO HELP YOU REMEMBER THE NERVES-
On Old Olympus’ Towering Tops A Friendly Viking Grew Vines And Hops
On Occasion Our Trusty Truck Acts Funny- Very Good Vehicle Any How
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II. Cranial Nerves WAYS TO HELP YOU REMEMBER Sensory,
Motor, or Both-
Some Say Marry Money But My Brother Says (its) Bad Business (to) Marry Money
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III. Two Divisions of the PNSA. Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
1. Regulates voluntary effectors to carry signal to the viscera
2. Regulates skeletal muscles3. Somatic Motor Pathway-
brain or SC single motor neuron with myelin synapse with Ach skeletal muscle
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III. Two Divisions of the PNSB. Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
1. Regulates involuntary effectors to carry signals to viscera
2. Regulate cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glandular epithelial tissue
3. 2 DivisionsA. Sympathetic Division- Flight or FightB. Parasympathetic Division- Rest and Repair
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QUIZ Section 14 vocab1. Halare: to breathe2. Phil-: love3. Muc-: mucus4. Pulmo: lung5. Penia-: deficiency6. Alvus: belly7. Man- hand8. Nasus: nose9. Megalo-: large10. Dent: tooth11. Pleura: side12. Malaco: softening