The Periodic Table. The Table in General ► Columns Called groups Elements in a group have...

The Periodic TableThe Periodic Table

The Periodic Table The Periodic Table

The Table in GeneralThe Table in General

►ColumnsColumns Called groupsCalled groups Elements in a group have similar chemical Elements in a group have similar chemical

and physical propertiesand physical properties As you go from top to bottom elements As you go from top to bottom elements

get largerget larger►Atoms get larger in sizeAtoms get larger in size

SmallestElement#1

LargestElement#114


►Rows: (Periods)Rows: (Periods) First elements very active solidsFirst elements very active solids Last element non reactive gasLast element non reactive gas

Rows: (Periods)Rows: (Periods)

ReactiveMetallic Solid

Non-ReactiveNon-Metallic Gas


►Rows: (Periods)Rows: (Periods) Get less reactive as you move from left to Get less reactive as you move from left to

rightright Atoms become less metallic left to rightAtoms become less metallic left to right

Rows: (Periods)Rows: (Periods)

More ReactiveMore Metallic

Less ReactiveLess Metallic

1. Alkali Metals1. Alkali Metals

►Color all these elements one color Color all these elements one color and add it to your key and add it to your key

►One electron in the valence shellOne electron in the valence shell►Soft less dense metalsSoft less dense metals►Most reactive of all metalsMost reactive of all metals►React violently with water to form React violently with water to form

basesbases►Never found free (alone) in natureNever found free (alone) in nature►Found in soap, salt, baking sodaFound in soap, salt, baking soda

Lanthanide Series

Actinide Series

Periodic Periodic Table of the Elements of the Elements1- New designation

IA- Original designation18

VIIIA

17

VIIA

16

VIA

12

IIB

13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

2

IIA

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

2

6

5

7

3

4

1

Rare Earth Elements

Alkali Metals ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________

2. Alkaline Earth Metals2. Alkaline Earth Metals

►Color all these elements one Color all these elements one color and add it to your keycolor and add it to your key

►Two electrons in the valence shellTwo electrons in the valence shell►Harder, higher melting point and Harder, higher melting point and

more dense than Alkali more dense than Alkali ►Also highly reactiveAlso highly reactive►Never found free in natureNever found free in nature

Lanthanide Series

Actinide Series



VIIIA

17

VIIA

16

VIA

12

IIB

13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

2

IIA

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

2

6

5

7

3

4

1

Rare Earth Elements

Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________

3 – 12 Transition Elements3 – 12 Transition Elements

►Color all these elements one color and add Color all these elements one color and add it to your keyit to your key

►One or two valence electronsOne or two valence electrons►Good conductors of heat and electricityGood conductors of heat and electricity►Higher melting point than either of the first Higher melting point than either of the first

two familiestwo families►Some are hard and brittleSome are hard and brittle►Combine with oxygen to form oxidesCombine with oxygen to form oxides►Form brightly colored compoundsForm brightly colored compounds

Lanthanide Series

Actinide Series



VIIIA

17

VIIA

16

VIA

12

IIB

13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

2

IIA

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

2

6

5

7

3

4

1

Rare Earth Elements

Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________

Rare Earth ElementsRare Earth Elements

►Color all these elements one color label Color all these elements one color label their names and add it to your keytheir names and add it to your key

►11stst row Lanthanide Series: row Lanthanide Series: Soft, Soft, malleable, high luster, great conductors, malleable, high luster, great conductors, used to make alloys (mixed with other used to make alloys (mixed with other elements to gain more desirable elements to gain more desirable properties than the element alone)properties than the element alone)

►All elements have very similar properties All elements have very similar properties

Rare Earth ElementsRare Earth Elements

►Color all these elements one color Color all these elements one color label their names and add it to your label their names and add it to your keykey

►22ndnd row Actinide Series: row Actinide Series: All but All but three are synthetic (man made)three are synthetic (man made)

►Best known are Uranium and Best known are Uranium and plutonium which are used as nuclear plutonium which are used as nuclear fuels fuels

Lanthanide Series

Actinide Series



VIIIA

17

VIIA

16

VIA

12

IIB

13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

2

IIA

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

2

6

5

7

3

4

1

Rare Earth Elements

Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ ___________ ___________

3 Periodic Table Questions3 Periodic Table Questions

►What are rows called?What are rows called?►What are columns called?What are columns called?►List 2 of the 4 families discussed List 2 of the 4 families discussed

yesterdayyesterday

13 Boron Family13 Boron Family

►Color all these elements one color Color all these elements one color and add it to your keyand add it to your key

►Three electrons in the valence Three electrons in the valence shellshell

►Aluminum is the most abundant Aluminum is the most abundant metal in earth’s crustmetal in earth’s crust

Lanthanide Series

Actinide Series



VIIIA

17

VIIA

16

VIA

12

IIB

13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

2

IIA

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

2

6

5

7

3

4

1

Rare Earth Elements

Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________

14 Carbon Family14 Carbon Family

► Color all these elements one color and Color all these elements one color and add it to your keyadd it to your key

► Four electrons in the valence shellFour electrons in the valence shell► Forms organic compounds (contains Forms organic compounds (contains

carbon)carbon)► Tin resists oxidation and corrosionTin resists oxidation and corrosion

Oxidation means to combine with oxygenOxidation means to combine with oxygen Corrosion means destruction by chemical Corrosion means destruction by chemical

reactionreaction► Lead is very dense and poisonous Lead is very dense and poisonous

Lanthanide Series

Actinide Series



VIIIA

17

VIIA

16

VIA

12

IIB

13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

2

IIA

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

2

6

5

7

3

4

1

Rare Earth Elements

Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________

15 Nitrogen Family15 Nitrogen Family

►Color all these elements one Color all these elements one color and add it to your keycolor and add it to your key

►5 electrons in the outer shell5 electrons in the outer shell►Nitrogen : Most abundant Nitrogen : Most abundant

element in earths atmosphereelement in earths atmosphere►Phosphorus: Match tipsPhosphorus: Match tips►Arsenic: rat poisonArsenic: rat poison

Lanthanide Series

Actinide Series



VIIIA

17

VIIA

16

VIA

12

IIB

13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

2

IIA

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

2

6

5

7

3

4

1

Rare Earth Elements

Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________

16 Oxygen Family16 Oxygen Family


►6 electrons in outer shell6 electrons in outer shell►Oxygen: Very reactive, combines Oxygen: Very reactive, combines

with most other elements, with most other elements, supports burningsupports burning

►Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium: Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium: brittle, make variety of brittle, make variety of compoundscompounds

Lanthanide Series

Actinide Series



VIIIA

17

VIIA

16

VIA

12

IIB

13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

2

IIA

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

2

6

5

7

3

4

1

Rare Earth Elements

Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________

17 Halogen Family17 Halogen Family

► Color all these elements one color and Color all these elements one color and add it to your keyadd it to your key

► Seven electrons in the valence shellSeven electrons in the valence shell► Name comes from two Greek words, Name comes from two Greek words,

Halo Gens, this means- Salt Producing.Halo Gens, this means- Salt Producing.► Most chemically reactive non-metalsMost chemically reactive non-metals► Never found free in natureNever found free in nature► As gases form diatomic elements ex: As gases form diatomic elements ex:

FF22, Cl, Cl22► Combine with metals to form salts ex: Combine with metals to form salts ex:

NaCl= table saltNaCl= table salt

Lanthanide Series

Actinide Series



VIIIA

17

VIIA

16

VIA

12

IIB

13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

2

IIA

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

2

6

5

7

3

4

1

Rare Earth Elements

Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family ___________

18 Noble Gases18 Noble Gases


►Full Valence (outer electron) shell, Full Valence (outer electron) shell, He 2 electrons the rest 8 electronsHe 2 electrons the rest 8 electrons

►Do not combine with other Do not combine with other elements under normal elements under normal circumstancescircumstances

►He- balloons, Ne- signs, Ar- fill in He- balloons, Ne- signs, Ar- fill in windows, Xe- photographic lamps, windows, Xe- photographic lamps,

Rn- Treats cancer Rn- Treats cancer

Lanthanide Series

Actinide Series



VIIIA

17

VIIA

16

VIA

12

IIB

13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

2

IIA

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

2

6

5

7

3

4

1

Rare Earth Elements

Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family Noble Gases

Hydrogen- All aloneHydrogen- All alone

►Color this element one color and add it Color this element one color and add it to your keyto your key

►One valence electronOne valence electron►Properties are not like any other groupProperties are not like any other group►Highly reactiveHighly reactive►Highly combustibleHighly combustible►Colorless, gas at room temperatureColorless, gas at room temperature

Lanthanide Series

Actinide Series



VIIIA

17

VIIA

16

VIA

12

IIB

13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

2

IIA

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

2

6

5

7

3

4

1

Rare Earth Elements

Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family Noble Gases

Metalloids: Draw the step ladder Metalloids: Draw the step ladder & identify the metalloids (use & identify the metalloids (use

spots)spots)• Draw in the step ladder and mark the Metalloids.

Non-Metal: Identify the non-Non-Metal: Identify the non-metals (use stripes)metals (use stripes)

• Mark the Non-Metals

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines _________________________Vertical lines _________________________► Horizontal rows________________________Horizontal rows________________________► Most elements are _______________________Most elements are _______________________► Elements on the zigzag are __________________Elements on the zigzag are __________________► Elements in the top right are _________________Elements in the top right are _________________► 1 electron reactive family____________________1 electron reactive family____________________► 2 electron reactive family____________________2 electron reactive family____________________► 3-12 families______________________________3-12 families______________________________► Elements that form salts_____________________Elements that form salts_____________________► Elements that do not react___________________Elements that do not react___________________► First row that is pulled out ___________________First row that is pulled out ___________________► Second row that is pulled out _________________Second row that is pulled out _________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows________________________Horizontal rows________________________► Most elements are _______________________Most elements are _______________________► Elements on the zigzag are __________________Elements on the zigzag are __________________► Elements in the top right are _________________Elements in the top right are _________________► 1 electron reactive family____________________1 electron reactive family____________________► 2 electron reactive family____________________2 electron reactive family____________________► 3-12 families______________________________3-12 families______________________________► Elements that form salts_____________________Elements that form salts_____________________► Elements that do not react___________________Elements that do not react___________________► First row that is pulled out ___________________First row that is pulled out ___________________► Second row that is pulled out _________________Second row that is pulled out _________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows Horizontal rows PeriodsPeriods ► Most elements are _______________________Most elements are _______________________► Elements on the zigzag are __________________Elements on the zigzag are __________________► Elements in the top right are _________________Elements in the top right are _________________► 1 electron reactive family____________________1 electron reactive family____________________► 2 electron reactive family____________________2 electron reactive family____________________► 3-12 families______________________________3-12 families______________________________► Elements that form salts_____________________Elements that form salts_____________________► Elements that do not react___________________Elements that do not react___________________► First row that is pulled out ___________________First row that is pulled out ___________________► Second row that is pulled out _________________Second row that is pulled out _________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows Horizontal rows PeriodsPeriods ► Most elements are Most elements are MetalsMetals► Elements on the zigzag are __________________Elements on the zigzag are __________________► Elements in the top right are _________________Elements in the top right are _________________► 1 electron reactive family____________________1 electron reactive family____________________► 2 electron reactive family____________________2 electron reactive family____________________► 3-12 families______________________________3-12 families______________________________► Elements that form salts_____________________Elements that form salts_____________________► Elements that do not react___________________Elements that do not react___________________► First row that is pulled out ___________________First row that is pulled out ___________________► Second row that is pulled out _________________Second row that is pulled out _________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows Horizontal rows PeriodsPeriods ► Most elements are Most elements are MetalsMetals► Elements on the zigzag are Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are _________________Elements in the top right are _________________► 1 electron reactive family____________________1 electron reactive family____________________► 2 electron reactive family____________________2 electron reactive family____________________► 3-12 families______________________________3-12 families______________________________► Elements that form salts_____________________Elements that form salts_____________________► Elements that do not react___________________Elements that do not react___________________► First row that is pulled out ___________________First row that is pulled out ___________________► Second row that is pulled out _________________Second row that is pulled out _________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows Horizontal rows PeriodsPeriods ► Most elements are Most elements are MetalsMetals► Elements on the zigzag are Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Elements in the top right are Non-MetalsNon-Metals► 1 electron reactive family____________________1 electron reactive family____________________► 2 electron reactive family____________________2 electron reactive family____________________► 3-12 families______________________________3-12 families______________________________► Elements that form salts_____________________Elements that form salts_____________________► Elements that do not react___________________Elements that do not react___________________► First row that is pulled out ___________________First row that is pulled out ___________________► Second row that is pulled out Second row that is pulled out

__________________________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows Horizontal rows PeriodsPeriods ► Most elements are Most elements are MetalsMetals► Elements on the zigzag are Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Elements in the top right are Non-MetalsNon-Metals► 1 electron reactive family 1 electron reactive family Alkali MetalsAlkali Metals► 2 electron reactive family____________________2 electron reactive family____________________► 3-12 families______________________________3-12 families______________________________► Elements that form salts_____________________Elements that form salts_____________________► Elements that do not react___________________Elements that do not react___________________► First row that is pulled out First row that is pulled out

______________________________________► Second row that is pulled out Second row that is pulled out

__________________________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows Horizontal rows PeriodsPeriods ► Most elements are Most elements are MetalsMetals► Elements on the zigzag are Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Elements in the top right are Non-MetalsNon-Metals► 1 electron reactive family 1 electron reactive family Alkali MetalsAlkali Metals► 2 electron reactive family 2 electron reactive family Alkaline EarthAlkaline Earth► 3-12 families______________________________3-12 families______________________________► Elements that form salts_____________________Elements that form salts_____________________► Elements that do not react___________________Elements that do not react___________________► First row that is pulled out ___________________First row that is pulled out ___________________► Second row that is pulled out _________________Second row that is pulled out _________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows Horizontal rows PeriodsPeriods ► Most elements are Most elements are MetalsMetals► Elements on the zigzag are Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Elements in the top right are Non-MetalsNon-Metals► 1 electron reactive family 1 electron reactive family Alkali MetalsAlkali Metals► 2 electron reactive family 2 electron reactive family Alkaline EarthAlkaline Earth► 3-12 families 3-12 families Transition ElementsTransition Elements► Elements that form salts_____________________Elements that form salts_____________________► Elements that do not react___________________Elements that do not react___________________► First row that is pulled out ___________________First row that is pulled out ___________________► Second row that is pulled out _________________Second row that is pulled out _________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows Horizontal rows PeriodsPeriods ► Most elements are Most elements are MetalsMetals► Elements on the zigzag are Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Elements in the top right are Non-MetalsNon-Metals► 1 electron reactive family 1 electron reactive family Alkali MetalsAlkali Metals► 2 electron reactive family 2 electron reactive family Alkaline EarthAlkaline Earth► 3-12 families 3-12 families Transition ElementsTransition Elements► Elements that form salts Elements that form salts Halogens Halogens ► Elements that do not react___________________Elements that do not react___________________► First row that is pulled out ___________________First row that is pulled out ___________________► Second row that is pulled out _________________Second row that is pulled out _________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows Horizontal rows PeriodsPeriods ► Most elements are Most elements are MetalsMetals► Elements on the zigzag are Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Elements in the top right are Non-MetalsNon-Metals► 1 electron reactive family 1 electron reactive family Alkali MetalsAlkali Metals► 2 electron reactive family 2 electron reactive family Alkaline EarthAlkaline Earth► 3-12 families 3-12 families Transition ElementsTransition Elements► Elements that form salts Elements that form salts Halogens Halogens ► Elements that do not react Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses Nobel Gasses ► First row that is pulled out ___________________First row that is pulled out ___________________► Second row that is pulled out Second row that is pulled out

__________________________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows Horizontal rows PeriodsPeriods ► Most elements are Most elements are MetalsMetals► Elements on the zigzag are Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Elements in the top right are Non-MetalsNon-Metals► 1 electron reactive family 1 electron reactive family Alkali MetalsAlkali Metals► 2 electron reactive family 2 electron reactive family Alkaline EarthAlkaline Earth► 3-12 families 3-12 families Transition ElementsTransition Elements► Elements that form salts Elements that form salts Halogens Halogens ► Elements that do not react Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses Nobel Gasses ► First row that is pulled out First row that is pulled out Lanthanide Series Lanthanide Series ► Second row that is pulled out Second row that is pulled out

__________________________________

Family Ties ReviewFamily Ties Review► Vertical lines Vertical lines Families Families ► Horizontal rows Horizontal rows PeriodsPeriods ► Most elements are Most elements are MetalsMetals► Elements on the zigzag are Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Elements in the top right are Non-MetalsNon-Metals► 1 electron reactive family 1 electron reactive family Alkali MetalsAlkali Metals► 2 electron reactive family 2 electron reactive family Alkaline EarthAlkaline Earth► 3-12 families 3-12 families Transition ElementsTransition Elements► Elements that form salts Elements that form salts Halogens Halogens ► Elements that do not react Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses Nobel Gasses ► First row that is pulled out First row that is pulled out Lanthanide Series Lanthanide Series ► Second row that is pulled out Second row that is pulled out Actinide SeriesActinide Series

Element Example Element Example

1. Element1. Element Chlorine Chlorine

3. Atomic Mass3. Atomic Mass

4. Atomic number 4. Atomic number

5. Family5. Family

6. Period6. Period

2. Symbol2. Symbol ClCl

35.45335.453

1717

33

1717

1. Element __________________1. Element __________________

2. Symbol___________________2. Symbol___________________

3. Atomic Mass________________3. Atomic Mass________________

4. Atomic number______________4. Atomic number______________

5. Family____________________5. Family____________________

6. Period____________________6. Period____________________

6

The Periodic Table. The Table in General ► Columns Called groups Elements in a group have...

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Transcript of The Periodic Table. The Table in General ► Columns Called groups Elements in a group have...