The Organization of the Executive Branch9.2 The President, White House Staff, VPOTUS, the executive...
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The Organization of the Executive Branch9.2The President, White House Staff, VPOTUS, the executive departments and independent agencies.
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The White House Staff
• Trusted advisories about National Security• Chief of Staff• Press secretaries• Legal experts• Speech writers• Office workers• researchers
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#44-Barack Hussein Obama
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V.P.O.T.U.S.
Presides over the SenateSpecial Duties• Head special commissions• Make diplomatic trips• Work with Congress
Historically invisible
If POTUS dies VPOTUS takes over …NAME ONE PRESIDENT THAT WAS NOT ELECTED!
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Joe Biden(VP)
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Special Advisory Groups
Assist in decision making process both foreign and domesticOffice of Management and Budget (OMB)1. Decides how much the President’s
policy goals will cost2. Prepares a budget - send it to
congress
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Valerie Jarrett (special advisor)Iranian born communist, lives in the White House
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Special Advisory Groups (cont.)
•National Security Council1.Military and advisors2.Major role in Foreign policy3.Foreign affairs National
Defense
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Panthers!!!
•What three groups make up the Executive Office of the President?
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#3 - Thomas Jefferson
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Answer!!
1.The White House Staff2.V.P.O.T.U.S.3.SPECIAL ADVISORY
GROUPS (OMB & NSC)
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# 43 - G.W. Bush
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The Executive Departments
GO TO PAGE 252 •Dept. of State – foreign affairs,
ambassadors, UN•Dept. of the Treasury- taxes thru the
IRS, print & coin $$•Dept. of Defense- Army, Navy, Air
Force, USMC, Coast Guard, weapons
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Timothy Geithner – Secretary of the Treasury
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The Executive Departments (cont.)
•Dept. of Interior – fish, wildlife, federal lands, natural resources …•Dept. of Agriculture- farm assistance,
food safety inspection, school lunches, animal/plant diseases control, import/export animals•Dept. of Justice- investigate & prosecute
federal laws, FBI, represents US in lawsuits
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beefers
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USDA (meat inspection)
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# 40 - Ronald Reagan
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The Executive Departments (cont.)
•Dept. of Commerce - assistance to businesses, national census, patents & trademarks, inventions, weights & measures•Dept. of Labor- minimum wage laws,
discrimination, working conditions, unemployment training programs, statistics on prices/workers
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The Executive Departments (cont.)
•Dept. of Health & Human Services: Medicare, food and Drug Admin. (FDA), Public Health Service, Family Support Administration•Dept. of Education- $$$ for public
education(K-12 and college/univer.),research & statistics, promotes equal access to education
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Name this guy …
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The Executive Departments (cont.)
•Dept. of Housing & Urban Development – low income housing, assistance to state & local gov’t financing community develop and housing projects
Dept. of Transportation- maintains highways, sea lanes & air ports, enforces safety standards
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The Executive Departments (cont.)
•Dept. of Energy- conducts research on energy, fuel conservation /shortages
•Dept. of Veteran Affairs- medical, educational & financial help to veterans, housing loans,
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# 26 -Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt
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The Executive Departments (cont.)
•Dept. of Homeland Security- runs the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Transportation Security Agency (TSA), provides protection to the POTUS and VPOTUS thru Secret Service, operates Coast Guard and US Customs service
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Dept. of Homeland Security
• Formed in response to IX.11.2001 by G. W. Bush• Coordinates anti terrorists activities• Immigration and Naturalization Service
(INS)• Coast Guard - inspect ships and water
ways• FEMA
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# 2 - John Adams
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The Cabinet
•POTUS appoints a head to each dept.• Senate must approve•DOJ head is the Attorney General•Dept. heads = Secretaries• These all form the core of …
“The Cabinet”
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The Independent Agencies
3 types: (About 60 agencies) • Executive Agencies-
•Regulatory Agencies
•Government Corporations
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#7-Andrew Jackson ‘Old Hickory’
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Executive Agencies
Direct control of POTUS:
1. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
2. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
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Regulatory Commissions
Congress formed 12 Commissions (e.g.) (to be free from political influence)
1. Federal Communication Commission (FCC): regulation of the media, radio and TV
2. Consumer Product Safety Commission: commission to set safety standards for home products, automobiles, aircraft, watercraft. They settle disputes between businesses they regulate
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Government Corporations
• Like private corporations, they try to make a profit•Public service organizations that may
be too risky / expensive for a private business to engage in• (e.g.) United States Postal Service
(USPS)
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The Civil Service System
• POTUS chooses < 1% for the executive branch (loyalty more important than job performance)• 1883 – Congress set up the Civil Service
system (workers called civil servants)1. Set up tests for certain jobs2. Highest scores are hired3. Stay on the job when administrations
change.
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Vocabulary:
Bureaucracy: an organization of gov’t departments, agencies and offices
Administration: team of executive branch officials
Cabinet: an important group of policy advisors
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