Mohammad Ali Jinnah- A Numerical Study of Shock Reflection Phenomena in Shock/Turbulence Interaction
The Numerical Analysis and Experiment of Shock Processing for Bouef
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Transcript of The Numerical Analysis and Experiment of Shock Processing for Bouef
The Numerical Analysis and Experiment of Shock Processing for Bouef
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University
YAMASHITA Yusuke
Shock wave and condensed matter research centerShock wave and condensed matter research center
Contents
• Introduction
• Objectives
• Calculation of parameter
• Experimental Results
• Numerical Analysis
• Conclusion & Future Works
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• Heat Treatment • High-pressure Treatment
In the processing method used for the food processing, there are chiefly heat-treatment and high-pressure processing.
There are few changes of the nutrient New physical properties Short processing timeVery low energy consumption
Introduction
Shock processing for foods
Shock wave and condensed matter research centerShock wave and condensed matter research center
Electric detonator
Detonation fuse
Cage
Food
Water
• The explosive and the high voltage electrical discharge are investigated as the high-pressure source.
• The food is processed in water to propagate the shock wave.
Introduction
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< Problems >Strength
Shape
Reflection of shock wave etc..
It is necessary to develop an appropriate food processing vessel where these are considered
Practical use of the shock processing
Objectives
Trial and error experimentation can cause damage to the device
→ We focused Numerical analysis for design
• Calculation of numerical analysis parameter of beef
[Measurement experiment]
• Evaluation of accuracy of numerical analysis[Numerical analysis for pressure comparison]
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Many parameters for the numerical analysis are need for pressure vessel material and various foods
Objectives
Calculation of numerical analysis parameter
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Necessary parameter in numerical analysis
using shock wave
Hugoniot equation of state in foods
Calculation by impedance matching method
At the interface of known material A and unknown B, the incidence shock wave velocity and the transmitted shock wave velocity when the shock wave spreads to the interface are necessary, to be measured
Reflected shock wave
Up
P
Up
P
A B A B
Transmitted shock wave
Incident shock wave
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Us = C0 + s ・ up
P = ρ0 ・ Us ・ up
Shockwave pass on the interface of A and
B
Generation of reflection wave and transmitted
wave
B and C denote hugoniot points driven in
unknowns
Impedance matching method
This experiment measured the incident and the transmitted shock wave velocity at the interface of known material PMMA and unknown beef.
The velocity of unknown material calculated by thickness of the beef divided by transit time of the shock wave in beef.
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5mm
50m
m50
mm
t m
m
Electric Detonator
SEP ( 50g )
PVC ( VP30 )
Beef
PMMA block
Streak slit
Detonation Fuse No. t [mm]
1 50
2 50
3 30
4 30
5 10
6 10
Experimental Condition
The shock wave pressure is changed by changing thickness t of the PMMA block
Closed chamberTarget
Window
Flash generator
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Shooting Procedure (Shadow Graph Method)
IMACON468
HADLAND PHOTONICS
interframe times 10ns to 1ms in 10ns steps independently variable, number of channels framing:4 streak:1
The experiments were carried out using the high-velocity image converter camera, flash generator and the explosive experimental facilities.
The streak photograph of shock wave
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PMMA
PMMA
Beef(5mm)
Measurement point
shock wave
• The incident shockwave is obtained by plot of shockwave motion.• Penetration shock wave is invisible in beef. • The average velocity was assumed to be a transmitted shock wave
velocity
Experimental Results ( 1 )The result of experimental number 1( t=50 mm)
40μs
Image processing
Photo of incident shock wave
Photo of transmitted shock wave
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
0 2 4 6 8Time (μ s)
Vel
ocity
(mm
/μs)
Experimental number 2 (t = 50 mm)
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Curve fitting method
cttBAtBAy )exp(1)exp(1 2211
Incident shockwave velocity Us
(PMMA-Beef)
• To calculate the incidence shock wave velocity, the function was approximated to this plot point by using the curve fitting method.
• Shockwave velocity of interface PMMA-beef is about 2.93km/s.
• Transmitted shockwave velocity is the 2.34km/s.
- 40
- 30
- 20
- 10
0
10
20
30
40
0 5 10 15 20 25 30[μ s]
[mm]
Incidentshock wave
Transmittedshock wave
Experimental Results ( 2 )
Incident shock wave: Us
Transmitted shock wave: U’s
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Experimental
Number
PMMA Gap
t[mm]
PMMA-beef 界面
Incident velocity
Us (PMMA)[km/s]
PMMA-beef 界面
Transmitted velocity
Us'[km/s]
1 50 2.8576 2.2063
2 50 2.9256 2.3447
3 30 3.1528 2.8259
4 30 3.1647 2.6709
5 10 3.7688 3.4551
6 10 3.8158 3.5704
Experimental Results ( 3 )
Other experimental results
Hugoniot equation of state
Us=C0+s ・ upC0 = 1843.8 [m/s] s = 0.547
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NumberPMMA
Gap t[mm]
Us’(beef)[km/s]
Up[km/s]
P[Gpa]
1 50 2.2063 0.7933 1.8904
2 50 2.3447 0.9614 2.4346
3 30 2.8259 1.4939 4.5593
4 30 2.6709 1.5631 4.5088
5 10 3.4551 3.0410 11.3473
6 10 3.5704 3.1347 12.0876
Us=s*up+C0
y = 0.547x + 1.8438
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
up [km/ s]
Us
[km
/s]
Experimental Results ( 3 )
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Numerical Analysis Model of pressure comparison
• The pressure comparison model of the numerical analysis was written by using hugoniot data obtained from the experimental results.
• As shown in this figure, the beef is placed underwater. Another is surrounded by air. Then, a high explosive is exploded.
• We compare pressure of the beef in air with that in water.
• Each size is as following slide.
ρ [kg/m3]C0
[m/s] s Γ0
Beef 1.08 1843.8 0.547 1.0
ρ: initial density of the mediumC0, s : Constant of materialΓ0 : Grüneisen coefficient
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Numerical Analysis
Numerical analysis Parameter of beef[Mie-Grüneisen Parameter]
Model of pressure comparison
SEP
SUS
beef
Air
Water10
0mm
100m
m
60m
m
200mm
SEP
SUS
beef
Water
Water
100m
m10
0mm
60m
m
200mm
Air-beef-Water Water-beef-Water
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Numerical Analysis
• Calculation method : Euler : Explosive (SEP), Water , Beef, SUS , Air
• Equation of state : JWL equation : Explosive (SEP)
Grüneisen equation : SUS, Beef, Water, Air
• Mesh size : 1 x 1 x 1 [mm] element number:31000
• Initial condition : Initial particle velocity : 1711 [m/s]
The other analysis conditions
V
eVR
VRBVR
VRAPJWL
)exp(1)exp(1 2
21
1
(1)
es
cP 00
02
200
21
)1(
V: 0 (initial density of the explosive)/ (gas density of the detonation)PJWL: pressure e: specific internal energyA, B, R1, R2: JWL parameter
η: 1− 0 (initial density of the medium)/ (density)P: pressure e: specific internal energyc0, s: Constants of material 0: Grüneisen coefficient
The model was analyzed using LS-DYNA.
Result of Numerical analysis
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Air-beef-Water
Result of Numerical analysis
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Water-beef-Water
The comparing pressure value
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beef
Measurement point (90mm)
Measurement point (40mm)
Measurement point
Each pressure history point is as follows.
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The comparing of peak pressure
The pressure history by time in the beef (Water)
A pressure value has a difference in the surface (90mm) of beef.
It is higher among the water.
Therefore, as for shock processing of beef, underwater is better.
Distance[mm]
Air[MPa]
Water [MPa]
40 140 140
90 15 60
The pressure history by time in the beef (Air)
Pressure of beef (Air) Pressure of beef (Water)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 20 40 60 80 100
Time (μ s)
Pre
ssur
e (M
Pa)
40mm50mm60mm70mm80mm90mm
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 20 40 60 80 100
Time (μ s)
Pre
ssur
e (M
pa)
40mm50mm60mm70mm80mm90mm
The comparing pressure value
Conclusion
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• The parameter of the numerical analysis of the beef was obtained by using the impedance match method from a result of the optical observation. Us=C0+s ・ up ( C0 = 1843.8 [m/s] , S = 0.547 )
• The process of the spread of the shock wave was analyzed• In the food processing using shock wave, the load pressure value was able
to be obtained
• The parameter of the numerical analysis of the beef was obtained by using the impedance match method from a result of the optical observation. Us=C0+s ・ up ( C0 = 1843.8 [m/s] , S = 0.547 )
• The process of the spread of the shock wave was analyzed• In the food processing using shock wave, the load pressure value was able
to be obtained
Us=s*up+C0
y = 0.547x + 1.8438R2 = 0.977
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
up [km/ s]
Us [
km
/s]
P=ρ *Us*up
y = 0.5639x2 + 2.0574xR2 = 0.999
0
4
8
12
16
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5up [km/ s]
P [G
Pa]
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Conclusion
Future works
• Accurate calculation of equation of state
Accurate measurement of shock wave velocity
Appropriate parameter of beef
Experiment for beef’s parameter evaluation
For experiment, pressure value is measured by strain gage in SUS.Numerical analysis parameter will evaluate after comparing to experimental value and numerical analysis.
Shock wave and condensed matter research centerShock wave and condensed matter research centerTherefore, we will experiment like this in the Therefore, we will experiment like this in the
future (and evaluate the parameter). future (and evaluate the parameter).
Conclusion Future Works
Experiment for beef’s parameter evaluation
Detonation fuse
Beef ( 20×20×5 )
SUS ( φ20 )
Water
Measurement point
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