Torment and Legacy: A Pathfinder Second Edition Demo Adventure
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The Legacy of Paul
THE NEW TESTAMENT
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DefinitionsCanon
• Rule or “standard”
• Used by religious groups to refer to list of books officially accepted as scripture
Apostolic Tradition
•Chain of connection to Jesus and Paul• Early churches copied and shared writings within this tradition
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Second Century
Gnosticism: • Valued the spiritual and despised the
material
Marcion (ca. 110-160):
• Wanted to remove Jewish influence over Christianity to make it purely Gentile• He rejected or edited many writings
corrupt due to their “Jewishness”
Other Christians:• Created gnostic writings then attributed
them to Apostles• Continued until 4th Century
Gospel of Judas
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Criteria for Writings to be Included in Canon•Orthodoxy
•Apostolic origin
•General acceptance
•Citations by bishops
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Determining Canonization• Books of NT were written by 150CE
• Origen of Alexandria (ca. 185-254): using our 27 books by the 200’s
• Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria (ca. 296-373): listed the 27 books we use now and called them canonized in his Easter Letter written in 367CE.
• St. Augustine of Hippo (ca. 354-430): Councils of Carthage, 397, 419 recognized canon and considered it closed.
“…the New Testament is not just a collection of early Christian writings; rather, it is a selection of those writings.”
Powell, p51
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Western Acceptance• Pope Damasus (ca. 305-384):• commissioned Jerome to produce Latin
vulgate of Bible• completed in 405CE• Led to acceptance of the 27 books of New
Testament we have now.
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Today’s CanonCatholic: • Canon of Trent 1546 CE• Included deuterocanonical books i.e. Apocrypha
• Used Jerome’s Latin vulgate translations, not Greek and Hebrew texts
Protestant:• Reformation 1517-1685• Luther rejected deuterocanonical books
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New Testament Contents• Gospels (4)
• Acts
• Letters from Paul to churches (9)
• Letters from Paul to individuals (4)
• Letter to the Hebrews
• Letters by others (7)
• Revelation
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Letters/Epistles“…It [a letter] conveyed the personal presence of the one who sent it.” Powell, p229
Salutation:• Author• Recipient• Greetings (Grace)
Thanksgiving:• Good Health
Main Body:• Reason for Writing
Closing:• Good Health• Farewell
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Method 1 of organizing Letters:• Letters by Paul to churches• Letters by Paul to individuals• Anonymous letter to the Hebrews• Letters by James, Peter, John and Jude
21 Letters
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Method 2 of organizing Letters:Pastoral Epistles : 3 letters addressed to pastoral leaders of churches:
• 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus
Captivity Epistles (Prison letters): 5 Letters that appear to have been written from prison:
• Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 2 Timothy, Philemon
“Catholic” Epistles (General Letters): 7 letters written to the church at large:
• James, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, 1 John, 2 John, 3 John, Jude
21 Letters - Continued
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Paul’s Letters7 Undisputed: (Pauline)• Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians,
Philippians, 1 Thessalonians, Philemon
3 Not written by Paul: Deutero-Pauline• Written in Paul’s name several years after his death• 1 Timothy, 2 Timothy, Titus
3 Disputed Authorship• No scholarly consensus, majority see them as not
from Paul or ”post Paul”
• Ephesians, Colossians, 2 Thessalonians
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Resources• Introducing the New TestamentMark Allan Powell
•The Movie “Luther”Fiction 2003 (entertainment)
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Powerpoint By Stacey Atkins
This Presentation is the Intellectual Property of Stacey Atkinswww.SomethingDifferentMinistries.org
Copyright 2014