The Late Cold War and the Fall of Communism
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Transcript of The Late Cold War and the Fall of Communism
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The Late Cold War and the Fall of Communism
HWH UNIT 12CHAPTER 18.5
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The End of Détente Soviets invade Afghanistan, 1979
Reagan (1980) and Thatcher (1981)
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Solidarity in Poland, 1980
Lech Walesa
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Gorbachev and Reagan
Glasnost “openness”Freedom of dissent
PerestroikaEconomic “restructuring”More free-market
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Poland, 1988-89Strikes in 1988
Elections in 1989Lech Walesa, president 1990-1995
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HungaryBreach of the Iron Curtain, 1989
Open bordersRefugees from East Germany
Janos Kadar removed from power (1956-1989)October, ’89: Hungarian Republic proclaimed
Free elections
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The Fall of the Berlin WallAutumn, 1989
Refugees to Hungary
Resignation of Honecker and free elections
The Berlin Wall Falls, November 1989
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German ReunificationOctober 3, 1990
The Federal Republic of Germany
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Czechoslovakia, 1989
Soviet renunciation of 1968
“68 upside down”
Vaclav HavelPresident
Alexander DubcekPrime Minister
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Romania: Violent Revolution
Nicolae Ceaucescu
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The Collapse of the USSR
The August Coup (1991)
Boris Yeltsin
Why did the USSR fail?
Command economyDefense spendingInternal divisionReform-minded leader
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After the USSR…The Commonwealth of Independent States (1991)
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China’s Reaction: The Tiananmen Square
Massacre, June 1989Protesters peacefully demand reformGorbachev’s visitCrackdown, June 1989
Thousands killed???
No political reform in China