The Impact of Parental Overseas Migration on the Well-being of Children in Countries of Origin: The...

7/23/2019 The Impact of Parental Overseas Migration on the Well-being of Children in Countries of Origin: The Case of Thailand

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Aree JampaklayInstitute for Population and SocialResearch

Mahidol University Thailand

Parental Overseas Migration andPsychological Well-being of

Children at the Country ofOrigin: Evidence fromCHAMPSEA Study (Thailand)

The views expressed in this presentation are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the

views or policies of the Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), the Asian Development Bank (ADB),its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADBI does not guarantee the accuracy of the

data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequences of their use.

Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.


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To what extent and how overseas

migration of mother and offather impacts the well-being ofthe children at household oforigin?

- focuses on psychological well-being of the children


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Started around 1970s, labormigrants to middle-east

Men dominated, 15% women

Top destinations Middle East,Republic of Korea, andTaipei,China


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CHAMPSEA(Child Health and Migrant Parents in

SoutheastAsia), 2008-2009Funded by Wellcome Trust

University of St. Andrews and National University ofSingapore and 4 countries of the study settings

Indonesia(Gadjah Mada University)

Philippines(Scalabrini Migration Center)

Viet Nam(Hanoi Asia-Pacific Study Center)

Thailand(Institute for Population and SocialResearch, Mahidol University)


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CHAMPSEA (Thailand)-Udonthani and Lampang

-Surveyed 1,030 hh/children, equal proportionfor

-migrant household and usual resident parents

-Young children (3-5) and older children (9-11)

-boys and girls-3 sets of QNs for responsible adult, main carer,and older child

-In-depth interview with 41 main carers


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-Migration(current migration, past migrationexperience)

-Childrens psychological well-being (SDQ whetherpossible to have psychological problem)

-Remittances(amount received from migrantparent(s) in the past 6 months)

-Main caretaker (who, well-being psychological health-- SRQ20 whether having psychological problem)

-Household economic status (wealth and saving)-Family functioning (APGAR)

-Other characteristics of the child (age, sex, parity)


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Parents current migration %Father only current migrant 46.9Mother only current migrant 0.3Both parents current migrants 3.0

Both parents usually resident 49.8

Parents currentand past migration Father Mother

Current migrant abroad 49.9 3.3Ever been migrant abroad 20.4 9.3Never been migrant abroad 29.7 87.4


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26.2%

Childrens psychologicalwell-being (SDQ)

% (N=990)

Normal (0-15) 73.7

Possible (16-18) 14.0

Problematic (19-40) 12.2


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Parents current

71.4

28.6

76.1

23.9

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

Normal Possible or

problematic

Overseas migrant

parent

Non-overseasmigrant parent

NS


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Fathers currentandpast

71.3

28.7

75.2

24.8

77.7

22.3

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.050.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

Normal Possible or

problematic

Current overseas

migrantNever overseas migrant

Ever been overseas

migrant

NS


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Mothers

59.2

40.8

75.8

24.2

0.010.0

20.0

30.0

40.050.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

Normal Possible or

problematic

Ever been overseas

migrant

Never been overseas

migrant

***


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59.1

41.0

77.7

22.3

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

Normal Possible or

problematic

Carer is psychologically

problematic

Carer is psychologically

normal

***


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26.2

20.4

16.315.0

22.1

18.6 18.820.5 20.9 21.3

16.8

24.3 24.3 23.8

10.9

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

Very poor Poor Moderate Rich Very rich

Never overseas migrant Current overseas migrant Ever been overseas migrant

***


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40.8

30.6

17.7

10.9

39.1

17.421.5 22.1

28.7

35.2

27.7

8.4

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

No saving Not>20,000 Not>60,000 60,000+

Never overseas migrant Current overseas migrant

Ever been overseas migrant ***


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69.5

30.5

74.3

25.7

72.7

27.3

74.4

25.6

78.1

21.9

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

Normal Possible or problematic

Very poor

Poor

Moderate

Rich

Very rich

NS


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69.5

30.5

74.5

25.5

77.1

22.9

77.9

22.2

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

Normal Possible or problematic

No saving

Not>20,000

Not> 60,000

60,000+

NS


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The model controls for remittances, households economic status(wealth, saving), childs sex, childs parity, and family functioning

All other control variables are not significant in the logit model

2.8

2.6

2.3

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

The child aged 3-5***

The caretaker is psychologically

unhealthy***

Mother ever moved to work abroad***

Odds ratio


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*Overseas migration of motherhas anegative impact on the psychological well-being of children at household of origin, butoverseas migration of father does not

The impact remains regardless ofremittances, household economic status,other childs characteristics

*Caretakers and the childrens well-beingsare closely connected


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*Policy should not only geartowards maximizing the positiveeffects of migration, but should

also address minimizing itsnegative effects, especially ofmothersmigration on the children

at household of origin


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~ Thank You ~

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