The Impact of NAFTA in Mexican Trade and Investment...
Transcript of The Impact of NAFTA in Mexican Trade and Investment...
TheThe ImpactImpact ofof NAFTA in Mexican NAFTA in Mexican TradeTrade andand InvestmentInvestment FlowsFlows
Dr. Gustavo Vega CánovasDr. Gustavo Vega CánovasCentro de Estudios InternacionalesCentro de Estudios Internacionales
El Colegio de MéxicoEl Colegio de México
Mexican Mexican exportsexports 19851985--20082008((billionsbillions dollarsdollars))
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
35000019
93
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
51,83251,832
166,120166,120
292,636292,636
SourceSource: : SecretarySecretary ofof thethe EconomyEconomy withwith data data fromfrom Mexico’s Central Mexico’s Central BankBank
MexicoMexico--USUS--CanadaCanada TradeTrade 19931993--20082008((millionsmillions ofof dollarsdollars))
0100200300400500600700800900
100019
93
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
México-CanadáMéxico-EEUUComercio Trilateral
SourceSource: : SecretarySecretary ofof thethe Economy wity data from Banxico, USDOC and Statistics CanadaEconomy wity data from Banxico, USDOC and Statistics Canada
Mexico Mexico –– Canada trade 1993Canada trade 1993--2008 2008 (billions (billions ofof dollarsdollars))
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Importaciones
Exportaciones
Comercio Total
Balanza comercial
Note: The imports used were reported from each country.Source: Secretary of the Economy with data from Banxico and Statistics Canada
Mexico Mexico –– U.S. trade 1993U.S. trade 1993--20082008((thousandsthousands))
-50000000
0
50000000
100000000
150000000
200000000
250000000
300000000
350000000
400000000
45000000019
90
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2007
2008
ExportacionesImportacionesComercio TotalBalanza Comercial
Note: The imports used were reported from each country.Source: Secretary of the Economy with data from Banxico and USDOC.
U.S. U.S. importsimports fromfrom Mexico Mexico andandLatinLatin America 1993America 1993--20082008
((billionsbillions ofof dollarsdollars))
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
México América Latina
SourceSource: : USDOCUSDOC
U.S. U.S. importsimports fromfrom Mexico Mexico andand otherothercountriescountries 19931993--20082008
((billionsbillions ofof dollarsdollars))
SourceSource: : USDOCUSDOC
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Taiwán
Corea del Sur
Gran Bretaña
México
China
20081993
FDI in Mexico by FDI in Mexico by sectorssectors19941994--20052005
-5000
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Otros servicios
ServiciosFinancierosTransportes yComunicacionesComercio
Construcción
Electricidad yAguaIndustriamanufactureraExtractivo
Agropecuario
SourceSource: : SecretarySecretary ofof thethe EconomyEconomy
MexicoMexico, FDI % , FDI % ofof GDPGDP
0
1
2
3
4
5
619
94
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Porc
enta
jes
MUNDOTLCAN
SourceSource: : SecretarySecretary ofof thethe EconomyEconomy
ProductionProduction ofof lightlight vehiclesvehicles in in MexicoMexico 19981998--20082008((thousandsthousands ofof unitsunits))
SourceSource: Carillo, 2006. : Carillo, 2006. ForFor yearsyears 2007 2007 andand 2008 2008 MexicanMexican AssociationAssociation ofof thethe AutomobileAutomobileIndustryIndustry. .
AutopartsAutoparts productionproduction in in MexicoMexico19941994--20082008
((millionsmillions ofof dollarsdollars))
SourceSource: : NationalNational IndustryIndustry ofof AutopartsAutoparts
* Data * Data untiluntil novembernovember ofof 2008.2008.
MexicanMexican textiletextile exportsexports toto U.SU.S andandCanadaCanada 19921992--2008 2008 ((millionsmillions ofof dollarsdollars))
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Note: The imports used were reported from each country.Source: USDOC and Statistics Canada
MexicanMexican electronicelectronic exportsexports toto US US andand CanadaCanada 19921992--20082008
((millionsmillions ofof dollarsdollars))
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Note: The imports used were reported from each country.Source: USDOC and Statistics Canada
Total Total MexicanMexican ExportsExports toto thethe US US ofofAdvancedAdvanced TechnologyTechnology ProductsProducts
((millionsmillions ofof dollarsdollars))
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
2002 2005 2006 2007 2008
SourceSource: : USDOCUSDOC
Electoral Electoral ResultsResults by State in by State in thethe 2000 2000 PresidentialPresidential ElectionElection
Electoral Electoral ResultsResults by State in by State in thethe2006 2006 PresidentialPresidential ElectionElection
Source: López Córdoba, José Ernesto. “Globalización, Economía y Elecciones.” suplemento Enfoque diario Reforma. México, DF., 20 de agosto 2006.
TradeTrade liberalizationliberalization andand electionselections
Preferential Margin of the 2006 Presidential ElectionAs a percentage of the total voting of each State
States won by PAN States won by PRD
Source: López Córdoba, José Ernesto. “Globalización, Economía y Elecciones.”suplemento Enfoque diario Reforma. México, DF., 20 de agosto 2006.
TradeTrade liberalizationliberalization andand electionselections
Gross Estate Product per Capita, 1993-2004According to electoral preferences in 2006
Source: López Córdoba, José Ernesto. “Globalización, Economía y Elecciones.”suplemento Enfoque diario Reforma. México, DF., 20 de agosto 2006.
TradeTrade liberalizationliberalization andand electionselections
Growth of employment and electoral polarization
Source: López Córdoba, José Ernesto. “Globalización, Economía y Elecciones.”suplemento Enfoque diario Reforma. México, DF., 20 de agosto 2006.
TradeTrade liberalizationliberalization andand electionselections
Trade liberalization and growth of manufacturingemployment by State
Source: López Córdoba, José Ernesto. “Globalización, Economía y Elecciones.”suplemento Enfoque diario Reforma. México, DF., 20 de agosto 2006.