The Historical Expansion of Private Forest …ffpsc.agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp/policy//scbrm/PP2012/11...THE...
Transcript of The Historical Expansion of Private Forest …ffpsc.agr.kyushu-u.ac.jp/policy//scbrm/PP2012/11...THE...
THE HISTORICAL EXPANSION OF PRIVATE
FOREST (HUTAN RAKYAT) IN GUNUNG
KIDUL DISTRICT YOGYAKARTA PROVINCE
W. Wardhana, A.Bomantara and S.F Sugiarto 1)
Faculty of Forestry Gadjah Mada University
Author email : [email protected]
Phone and Whatsapp : +628122956957
FOREST MANAGEMENT IN JAVA
HP : Perum Perhutani,
Local Government(1
4,1%) HL : Perum Perhutani, Local
Government (5,4%)
HK : Forest Conservation
Office (BKSDA), National Park
(3,8%) Hutan rakyat :
Private / Community (?)
BRIEF ABOUT PRIVATE OR COMMUNITY
FOREST
Tree Outside Forest (FAO)
Agroforestry forms
Planted and managed by a farmer (land owner) sometimes managed by the community (at sub village level or cooperative institution)
Harvested depend on farmer demand (wish) (PKHR, 1999)
It Supplies more than 70% of wood raw materials to furniture industry, plywood industry etc. in Java (based on LPF Project 2005)
OBJECTIVE
Develop the baseline of Private Forest as a starting point of next further research at more Higher detail (District Level)
Find The relation between LC (remote sensing terminology) and LU (field site terminology)
Understand the historical development of Private Forest based on Remote Sensing Change Detection Analysis since 1970’s up to 2010’s (40 years)
METHODS
Remote Sensing Change Detection focus on Private / Community Forest removed the state forest in analysis --- Post Processed Analysis (Jensen, 2004)
Each image is classified independently, reducing preprocessing need Resulting classifications are compared to identify change Change detection results affected by accuracy of input classifications
Data Collected (use any available data) Landsat Data 1970s/80s, 1990s, 2000s, 2010
EO-ALI (free available) 2006, 2009, 2010
ALOS AVNIR (15m) and SPOT (10m) for multistage sampling
Google Earth Georeferenced Stiched Images for multistage sampling
Each imageries (groups) were classified based on Landuse/Landcover standard (23 classes) - Ministry of Forestry (MoF)
Private/Community forest land uses are being selected under the basis of on standard (MoF) terminology and the definition to be analysed in relation with the field fact
Sampling Design Strategy to answer relation LC and LU
DATASETS AVAILABLE
SELECTED LANDUSE/LANDCOVER TYPE:
Using Remote Sensing Data is always limit in spatial context (pixel) which
representation the form of vegetation configuration in the field. In general
the form of private / community forest in the field is based on agroforestry
implementation, therefore we only consider some selected
landuse/landcover type as following list
Dryland Forested area ≈ Alas (full trees mixed species sometimes
mixed with crops but small area)
Forest Plantation ≈ Alas (full trees one or more species and age)
Dryland Agriculture ≈ Tegalan (trees mixed with crops managed)
Dryland Agriculture mixed with shrub ≈ Tegalan (tree mixed with crops
managed)
Shrub ≈ Alas (full trees spreaded and low potency – un managed well)
Perkebunan ≈ Alas (full trees single age and single species)
Identify the landcover types that has wooded
vegetation
Identify the wooded vegetated type vs
non wooded vegetated type
Water body
Removed the State Forest Area
Private Forest Identification
PRIVATE / COMMUNITY FOREST
LANDUSE TYPE VS A VIEW FROM
IMAGERY
Private forest
landuse type :
Tipe Alas
-Dryland Forested area ≈ Alas (full trees mixed species sometimes mixed with
crops but small area)
SPOT 5 XS (10)
ALOS AVNIR (10m)
Landsat TM (30m)
TIPOLOGI HUTAN RAKYAT VS
KENAMPAKAN VISUAL CITRA
SPOT5 XS (10)
ALOS AVNIR (10m)
Private forest
landuse type:
Tipe Tegalan
Landcover/landuse terminology : –Forest Plantation ≈ Alas (full trees one or more species and age) –Dryland Agriculture ≈ Tegalan (trees mixed with crops managed) –Dryland Agriculture mixed with shrub ≈ Tegalan (tree mixed with crops managed
Setllement -
mixed
Dryland mixed with
shrubs Dryland agricultyre
Private forest
landuse type :
home garden
mixed
Landsat TM (30m) Shrubs
GROUNDCHECK AND SAMPLING DESIGN (STRATIFIED MULTISTAGE SAMPLING STRATEGY)
Figure 4.3. An Example of Multi stage sampling design using Google
Earth Premium Imageries. It shows a relation between landcover
category and landuse category (field).
Home Garden
Dryland
Agriculture
Settlement
Landcover
Total sample
(points)
plots
Settlements (Pm) 20
Dryland Agriculture (Pt) 31
Dryland Agriculture mixed with
shrubs (Pc) 39
Total 90
W. Wardhana, A. Bomantara and S.F
Sugiarto 2011
SOME RESULTS
AND DISCUSSIONS
12.5m
DEM
EO-ALI
Dryland Agriculture mixed with shrubs = Alas
Kelas pertanian lahan kering campur semak merupakan pendekatan terhadap terminologi alas.
Hasil pengamatan di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa kelas ini berada jauh dari areal
pemukiman dan tidak terlihat aktivitas pertanian yang intensif.
Berdasarkan data lapangan, pola tanam full trees memiliki persentase 25,64% dan 74,36%
untuk pola tanam alley cropping . Pola tanam full trees terdistribusi secara teratur maupun
acak dengan jarak tanam yang tidak tentu. Disisi lain, Pola tanam alley cropping yang ada di
kelas ini tidak terlalu memperlihatkan aktivitas pertanian yang intensif, yaitu menanam jenis
tanaman pangan ketela pohon diantara semak belukar.
S.F. Sugiarto, 2011
Dryland Agriculture = Tegalan
Terminologi tegalan diidentifikasi melalui pendekatan kelas penutupan lahan pertanian lahan kering. Tegalan
berada pada lokasi yang tidak terlalu jauh dari pemukiman dan memperlihatkan aktifitas pertanian
dengan intensifitas yang tinggi.
Pola tanam yang digunakan pada kelas ini adalah alley cropping (77,42%), trees along border (19,35%),
dan full trees (3,23%). Intensifitas kegiatan pertanian yang tinggi terlihat dari tidak adanya semak belukar
diantara tanaman pangan yang dibudidayakan. Untuk daerah dengan kelerangan datar memanfaatkan pola
tanam trees along border. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa aktifitas pertanian dilakukan sangat intensif dimana
vegetasi berkayu ditanam pada batas-batas kepemilikan lahan saja.
S.F. Sugiarto, 2011
Settlements = Home garden
Areal pemukiman menjadi areal potensial hutan rakyat yang dikenal dengan terminologi pekarangan.
Berdasarkan pengamatan di lapangan, vegetasi berkayu berada di sekeliling rumah (trees along
border).
Pola tanam yang digunakan pada kelas ini adalah trees along border (100%). Berdasarkan
pengamatan di lapangan, ada dua tipe pemanfaatan lahan di pekarangan, yaitu menanam vegetasi
berkayu di sekeliling rumah tanpa tanaman pangan dan menanam vegetasi berkayu disertai dengan
penanaman tanaman pangan. Pada dasarnya kedua pilihan ini tergantung pada kondisi lahan dan
kondisi sosial-ekonomi pemilik rumah. Sehingga diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui
fenomena tersebut. S.F. Sugiarto, 2011
A RELATION BETWEEN LANDCOVER (REMOTE SENSING VIEWS) AND LANDUSE
(FIELD GROUND SAMPLING VIEWS)
S.F Sugiarto (2011)
From groundcheck data analysis
We found that
1. settlements class are equal
with home garden type in the
field (90%) correct
2. Dryland Agriculture class as
Dryland Agriculture type
(tegalan) (93.6% correct)
3. Dryland agriculture mixed with
shrubs as Dryland agriculture
but dominated with full trees
or mixed with woody planted
but not managed well (97.4%
correct)
HISTORICAL CHANGE IN MAPS
1970s 1980s 1990 2000 2010
EXPANSION OF PRIVATE FOREST IN MAPS
1970 1980 1990
2000 2010
HISTORICAL CHANGE IN LULC AREA
LULC Area
Change Total per
10 years period
Addition of New
Private Forest
1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000 2000-2010
BRIEF IN DETAIL HISTORICAL CHANGE IN
MAPS (EACH PER 10 YEARS PERIOD)
1970-1980 1980-1990
1990-2000 2000-2010
HISTORICAL MAGNITUDE OF LULC CHANGE IN GRAPHICAL FIGURES
(PER 10 YEARS PERIOD)
1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000 2000-2010
BRIEF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PRIVATE FOREST BASED ON
ZONING (GEOMORPHO MAPS) USING 2010 DATA
15,0
46,6
8,2
31,9
38,2
31,6
53,1
15,2
60,2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Batur Agung Ledoksari Kapur Selatan
Perse
nta
se (
% )
Zona
Diagram Kelas Penutupan Lahan di Tiga Zona Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Pemukiman (Pm)
Pertanian Lahan Kering (Pt)
Pertanian Lahan Kering Campur Semak (Pc)
LAST REMARKS
The multistage sampling strategy using link between medium resolution and higher resolution imageries can give a links between landcover terminology and landuse terminology in the context of explaining and identification of Private Forest.
The Post change processed methods can explain the historical change of Private forest
Historical change analysis shows and prove the existing of Private Forest and Expanded way as part of the environment, economic and social dynamic in Gunung Kidul Districts How can we learnt and have some lesson how we can managed our environment (from bareland up to green)
In case in Gunung Kidul compare with State Forest area (2%), it is true that the landcover in Gunung Kidul District is dominated by the Private Forest Landcover
BEFORE IT ENDS.....>>>>>
NEXT HOMEWORK
Adding the model for estimating the C-Stock (ton/Ha) per LULC Dynamic of C-Stock (Model
for REL)
Develop the LULC Model to understand the phenomena (Some LULC model available)
Cellular Automata Model
Agent Based Model
Farmer decision
Socio-economic factors
Crop management
LULC
Ex
tern
al
fa
cto
rs
SOME EXAMPLE
PEKARANGAN
TEGALAN
ALAS
0.00
500000.00
1000000.00
1500000.00
2000000.00
Vol. Minimal (m³)
Vol. Maksimal (m³)
Vol. Minimal (m³) Vol. Maksimal (m³)
PEKARANGAN 351251.06 491065.98
TEGALAN 810236.79 987191.99
ALAS 1292834.53 1603053.58
GRAFIK TAKSIRAN POTENSI VOLUME HUTAN RAKYAT
SOME EXAMPLE
C-Stock Calculation (from Ground Measurement) and Allometric Equation (Average) (W. Wardhana and S.F. Sugiarto, 2012)
Settlements 23.86 ton/ha
Dryland Agriculture 20.80 ton/ha
Dryland Agriculture mixed with Shrubs 31.42 ton/ha
REL General Estimation (since 70s or 80s) using Historical adjusted or Forward Looking Model – Future can be interesting as a case especially for Java.