WW1 1914-1918

The following is

the topic of your

essay on the test!

OUTBREAK OF WAR IN EUROPE IN

1914

Great Powers (1914)

•France

•Germany

•Austria-Hungary

•Russia

•Great Britain

•(Italy)

CAUSES OF WW1

• Nationalism• Imperialism• Alliances• Military build up• assassination

Nationalism• many people of Europe looking

for self-determinism• Jingoism• Pan-Slavic movement• Pan-German movement

Imperialism• Dominating weaker nations b/c of

moral or humanitarian grounds• division of world

–Pie theory–get a slice now

• worked against “Balance of Power”

Military Alliances• Triple Alliance

(Germany, Austria-Hungary, & Italy)

• (later Central powers= Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire)

Military Alliances• Triple Entente

(France, Russia & G.B.)

• Promise to aid if attacked

• Later become Allies

Military Build Up•major increase of military around the world by major powers

Assassination• Archduke Franz Ferdinand is shot• killed by a Serbian nationalist

Why would a Serbian kill an Austrian leader?

• On Oct 6 1908 Austria annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina• Serbia felt that since those people were South Slavs Serbia should rule them• Russia move to support its Slavic brethren (so it can have influence)• Germany threatens Russia in 1909

– Russia too weak from its war against Japan backs down• any talk of a Russian-German alliance was gone

– (they were now opponents)

• Serbia demanded access to the Adriatic Sea in 1913– this is another blow to Serbian nationalism– Both of these were at the hand of Austria-Hungary

Who was responsible for the assassination of Archduke Franz

Ferdinand?• The Black Hand

• a group of Serbian & Bosnian nationalists

• Gavrilo Princip (actual assassin)

Who was responsible for the assassination of Archduke Franz

Ferdinand?• Serbian officials did NOT know of the assassination

before hand• What was response?

– Austria gives Serbia an ultimatum– Serbia gives in to most of the demands

– Austria pushes for war anyway• Being pushed by Germany

Declaring War• June 14, 1914 assassination

• July 23 Serbian ultimatum

• July 28 Austria-Hungary declares war

on Serbia

Declaring War• July 30 Russia mobilizes

• Aug 1 GR declares war on Russia

• Aug 3 GR declares war on France

Declaring War

•Aug 4 G.B. declares war on GR