The Graphic Representation of

the Earth

- The earth is primordial concern of geo-graphic inquiry, it must be represented in a graphic function through globes and maps.

-when man started geographic studies, globes and maps have been the major tools of geography and by the geographers.

-relief models are utilized.

The Globe

-comes from the Latin word “globus” meaning round mass or sphere

-Used by the geographers as the closest representation of the earth.

-scale model of the entire earth.

-it is almost literally the “world brought indoors”

-only on a globe can locations be shown in their true relationship to one another.

The Terrestrial globe•Provides the only graphic representation of the areas of the earth without significant distortion or inaccuracy in shape, direction, or relative size.

A Celestial globe

The Evolution of the Globe

-Crate of Mallus about 150 B.C

-the Greeks, more than 1600 years before Columbus’ discovery of the Novus Mundus, Felt certain that the earth was approximately spherical

-Showed world located along the shore of the Mediterranean sea and extended into Southern Asia. Also showed 3 continent-crates speculation however, went too far to predict the existence of the Americas and Australia.

-15th century that globes were introduced into Europe. -the city of Nuremberg in Germany became the first major center of globe production in Europe. -celestial globe made in 1444-belonged to the mathematician and cardinal Nicholas of Cusa

- The oldest surviving terrestrial globe from this time was made by Martin Behaim in 1492.

- Germanic Museum in Nuremberg, Germany.

- Americas are not yet included. Showed at least the general outline of Atlantic shores of north and south America and pacific shores.

“Erdapfel”

- Strabo and Ptolemy formulated precise and detailed instructions in 15th century and then on, globes presented the earth as we know it today.

-not before the middle 18th century surmise give way entirely to the major facts of land and water distribution.

-1506 after the discovery of America and this is in the new york public library at present

new york public library at present

Hunt-Lenox Globe

-globe making flourished in the Netherlands in the 16th century as the Dutch expanded their exploration and sea trade.

-17th balance of power gradually shifted towards France

-by the end of the 18th century, English cartographers and globe makers were the most prominent.