The Gilded Age Period 6 1865-1898

AP U.S. History – Ewald Name: _____________________________________________

The Rise of Industrial America Four Features of Industrial Manufacturing (1865-1900), see p. 544 1. 2. 3. 4. Major Industries Railroads Steel Oil Important People & Corporations

Innovations – financial, technical, & organizational

Interstate Commerce Act (1887): Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890): United States v. E.C. Knight Company (1895): Major Inventors/Inventions Alexander Graham Bell: Thomas Edison: Hardships of Industrial Labor (identify at least three issues): * * * Labor Movements (describe each organization and people/events associated with it) National Labor Union (NLU): Knights of Labor: American Federation of Labor (AFL): Strikes/Labor Violence (describe each event and outcomes): Wildcat Railroad Strike (1877): Haymarket Riot (1886): Pullman Strike (1894) Social Philosophy (describe each philosophy and major contributors/written works): Social Darwinism: Socialism/Marxism:

Immigration, Urbanization, and Everyday Life, 1860-1900

Push & Pull Factors for Migration/Immigration – identify and describe at least 3 major points * * *

Challenges for Immigrants – identify and describe at least 3 major challenges for immigrants * * *

Middle Class Society and Culture – briefly describe each term with examples as appropriate Victorian code:

cult of domesticity:

changes in higher education:

Working Class Politics & Reform – briefly describe each term/concept “Machine” politics:

Tammany Hall:

William Marcy Tweed:

YMCA/YWCA:

Salvation Army:

Social Gospel: Settlement house movement (Hull House/Jane Addams):

Working-Class Leisure (“low brow”) – identify and describe at least 3 popular pastimes * * *

Literature, Arts, and Education (“high brow”) – briefly describe each term “genteel tradition”: realism/naturalism (Crane, Twain, Dreiser):

modernism (Wright, Homer, Eakins):

the “new woman” (Willard, Gilman, Chopin):

education reform (Harris, Rice, parochial schools):

Politics in the Gilded Age, 1860-1900 Regulating the Money Supply – describe the positions of the following groups (who was on each side?) “Goldbugs” – hard money, tight credit

“Silverites” – soft money, easy credit

The “Crime” of ‘73 –demonetizing silver

Bland-Allison Act (1878)

Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890)

Other Reform Efforts – compare Republican vs. Democratic positions Civil Service Reform

Garfield’s assassination (1881): Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883):

Tariffs Linkage with budget surplus: McKinley Tariff (1890):

Pensions

The Populist Movement – The National Grange

Goals: “Granger Laws”:

Farmers’ Alliance Goals: Populist (People’s) Party (est. 1892):

African-American challenges

Disenfranchisement (“Jim Crow”): lynching: Civil Rights cases (1883): Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): Booker T. Washington:

Panic of 1893 – what happened?

Depression of 1893-97

Economic impact:

Coxey’s Army:

Election of 1896 – positions on issues? who won and why?

William J. Bryan (Democrat/Populist): William McKinley (Republican):

The Last West or the Death of the Frontier Name: ___________________________ In Turner’s view, what is key to understanding United States History? Explain the impact of white settlement on the Plains Indians. Briefly describe each of the following:

a. Sand Creek Massacre

b. Red River War

c. Little Big Horn

d. Wounded Knee

e. Sitting Bull

f. Crazy Horse

g. Chief Joseph

h. Geronimo

How and why did the white settlers kill the buffalo? By the 1880s Americans, in general, were becoming more aware of the “Indian problem”. What was the name of the book that made Americans aware of the issue? ________________________ Who wrote the book? __________________ Finally, the government passed the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887. What did this act say? What was the result of the act?

Document Analysis Warm‐ups 

Document #1 Describe what the document is    Historical Context    Intended Audience    Point of View     Purpose    Outside Information 

 

Document #2 Describe what the document is    Historical Context    Intended Audience    Point of View     Purpose    Outside Information 

 

Document #3 Describe what the document is    Historical Context    Intended Audience    Point of View     Purpose    Outside Information 

 

Document #4 Describe what the document is    Historical Context    Intended Audience    Point of View     Purpose    Outside Information 

 

 

Who Journeyed West? Your assignment is to tell me who journeyed to the Western United States. Tell me where they moved, what each group experienced, and analyze the significance of this experience.

Who? Where? Experience (Why? What happened?)

Analysis (Why was this important?)

Southeastern Native Americans

Vaqueros

Mormons

49ers & 59ers

Homesteaders

Speculators

Exodusters & Buffalo Soldiers

Women

Chinese immigrants

Irish Immigrants

Directions: For each term, you must have a classmate define the term and a different classmate identify the significance. There are a total of 28 boxes. List the initials of each classmate in the box they help fill. When you have used all of your classmates, you are responsible for the remaining boxes.

Term Definition Significance

Wabash case, 1886    

Interstate Commerce Act (1887)

   

“Conspicuous consumption”

   

Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890

   

Great Railroad Strike of 1877

   

Knights of Labor    

American Federation of Labor

   

Homestead Strike (1892)

   

Pullman Strike (1894)    

Eugene Debs    

Thomas Nast    

Social Gospel Movement

   

“New Immigration”

   

 

Comparing and Contrasting Labor Unions

National Labor Union 1866-1874

Knights of Labor 1869-late 1800s

American Federation of Labor 1886 - present

Industrial Workers of the World 1905-present

Membership

Leadership

Goals

Tactics

Outcomes

MAJOR LABOR DISPUTES

STRIKE ISSUES OUTCOME

RAILROAD STRIKES OF

1877

THE HAYMARKET RIOT (1886)

HOMESTEAD STRIKE (1892)

THE PULLMAN STRIKE (1894)

THE LAWRENCE

TEXTILE STRIKE (1912)

   

“If they [the Republicans] dare to come out in the open field and defend the gold standard as a good thing, we shall fight them to the uttermost, having behind us the producing masses of the nation and the world. Having behind us the commercial interests and the laboring interests and all the toiling masses, we shall answer their demands for a gold standard by saying to them, you shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns. You shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold.”

-William Jennings Bryan

Questions 1) What two parties nominated Bryan as their presidential candidate in

1896? What constituency did these parties have in common?  

 

 

2) How and why did Republicans attack Bryan’s speech?

3) What were the consequences of Bryan’s failed presidential campaign?

“Cross of Gold” Speech, 1896

Caption: The Sacrilegious Candidate - No man who drags into the dust the

most sacred symbols of the Christian world is fit to be president of the United States.

The Great DebatePlace the phrases in the appropriate portion of the Venn diagram. Then

write three phrases of your own in the diagram.

Born a slave

Born in 1863

Born in 1856

Born free

Died in Ghana in 1963

Died in Alabama in 1915

“Talented Tenth”

Civil rights leader

Pan-Africanism

Founder of Tuskegee Institute

Founder of NAACP

Founder of the Niagara Movement

Advocated industrial education

Critic of lynching

Author of Up From Slavery (1901)

Author of The Souls of Black Folk

(1903)

Editor of The Crisis

Consultant to Teddy Roosevelt

“The Great Accomodator”

Advocated professional

education

Ph.D. from Harvard

Wanted blacks to have a better way of

life

Created by Mr. Johnson

Booker T. Washington

W.E.B. DuBois

Both