E. ErofeevaPerm State National Investigation

University elevaer@gmail.com

THE FRAME “HUMAN” IN

MENTAL LEXICONSOF KOMI-PERMYAK,

TARTAR AND RUSSIAN

SPEAKERS

is a part of linguistic competence, is directly connected with a conceptual and categorical system of man

it is overlapping of language and cognition.

The structure of mental lexicon depends on the language a person speaks and on his or her social background.

We analyzed the frame “Human” in the mental lexicons of 3 ethnic groups that live in Perm Territory: Komi-permyaks, Bashkirs and Russians.

These national groups are the largest in Perm Territory and have been interacting on the territory of the region for several centuries.

THE SUBJECT OF REASEARCH

Population – 3 million, 142 nationalities

Russians – 2,5 million; Komi-Permyaks – 180 thousand;Bashkirs – over 40 thousand;Tartar – over 1 thousand.

• The frame “Human” is important for any speaker and any society.

• This frame is a considerable and important part of the mental lexicon. These words are very useful for studying national language consciousness.

• The structure of the frame “Human” is sui generis reflexion of a language communityof itself .

• Actual lexicon method offered by A.K. Agibalov (1995) – a variant of a directed associative experiment.

• Actual lexicon is a basic part of the mental lexicon, the most frequent words of idiolexicon.

• Actual lexicon reflects the most actual and significant conceptual classes (frames) for an individual and lexis connected with their denomination.

• Informants are asked to write a list of 100 words which, in their opinion, they use in their speech most frequently.

METHODS OF RESEARCH

Komi-Permyaks (students of the Komi-Permyak department of Perm State Pedagogical University, 20 prs.).Bashkirs (students of different universities of Perm, 25 prs.).Russians (students of Perm State University, 30 prs.).

7487 from 75 informants:2994 in Russian, 1993 in Komi-Permyak, 2500 in Tartar.

Parameter

Lexicon

Komi-Permyak (20 prs.)

Tartar (25 prs.)

Russian (30 prs.)

Sample volume 1993 2500 2994

Glossary volume 820 990 1164

Density of lexicon 2,43 2,52 2,57

Parameter

Lexicon Komi-

Permyak

(20 prs.)

Tartar (25

prs.)

Russian

(30 prs.)

Sample volume of frame

358 433 327

Part in general sample (%)

18,0 17,3 10,9

Glossary volume of frame

78 135 118

Part in general glossary (%)

9,5 13,6 10,1

Density of frame 4,6 3,2 2,8

Thematic group(subframe)

Komi-Permyak (20 prs.)

Tartar (25 prs.)

Russian (30 prs.)

Social relations 9/4 61/33 44/22 Kinship 43/14 121/36 74/15 Characterization 5/2 15/9 12/10 Age and gender 43/6 64/20 43/12 Personal relationships

― 23/5 28/8

Nationality ― 1/1 1/1 Personal names ― ― 28/25 Pronouns 34/6 11/6 72/11 Parts of the body 213/43 116/26 21/11 PERSON/PEOPLE 11/2 21/4 4/3

SubframeKomi-

Permyak (20 prs.)

Tartar (25 prs.)

Russian (30 prs.)

Social relations 9/4 15/3 50/41Occupation 8/4 14/2 34/26Social status ― ― 14/13Social role 1/1 1/1 2/2Member of the same

group ― 5/3 ―

• Occupation: ‘actor’, ‘doctor’, ‘seller’, ‘fisherman’, ‘lawyer’, etc.

• Social status: ‘director’, ‘chief’, ‘recruit’, ‘pensioner’, ‘soldier’, etc.

• Social roles: ‘viewer’, ‘guest’, etc.• Member of the same group: ‘compatriot’, ‘fellow-

countryman’, ‘classmate’.

Komi-Permyak Tartar Russian

вöралысь ‘hunter’велöтысь ‘teacher’гижысь ‘writer’велöтчись ‘pupil’

балыкчы ‘fisherman’биюче ‘dancer’галим ‘scientist’җырчы ‘singer’кортчы ‘beekeeper’мулла ‘mullah’пешекче ‘cook’рәссам ‘painter’сатучы ‘seller’саучы ‘milker’табиб ‘doctor’укучы ‘pupil’укытучы ‘teacher’хәрби ‘serviceman’шагыйрь ‘poet’язучы ‘writer’

журналист ‘pressman’писатель ‘writer’поэт ‘poet’препод ‘lecturer’преподаватель ‘lecturer’проститутка ‘prostitute’стихоплёт ‘rhymer’студент ‘student’учитель ‘teacher’

Tartar Russian

һәвәскәр ‘dilettante’оста ‘master’пәйгамбәр ‘prophet’рекордчы ‘record holder’солтан ‘sultan’теләнче ‘beggar’түрә ‘boss’халык артист ‘people's artist ’эшсез ‘unemployed’эшче ‘worker’

бомж ‘homeless person’директор ‘director’домохозяйка ‘housewife’зав. отделения ‘head of

department’

заочники ‘correspondence students’

классный руководитель ‘class mistress ’

мастер ‘master’президент ‘president’староста ‘class monitor’террористы ‘terrorists’шахидка ‘terrorist’

“SOCIAL ROLE”• Komi-permyak: гöсьт ‘guest’• Tartar: кунак ‘guest’, әңгәмәче

‘interlocutor’, юлдаш ‘traveller’ • Russian: гости ‘guests’

“MEMBER OF THE SAME GROUP”• Tartar: ватандаш ‘compatriot’,

якташ ‘fellow-countryman’, сыйныфташ ‘classmate’

SubframeKomi-

Permyak (20 prs.)

Tartar (25 prs.)

Russian (30 prs.)

Kinship 43/14 121/36 74/15

• Kinship: ‘mother’, ‘father’, ‘son’, ‘daughter’, ‘grandad’, ‘grandma’, ‘grandson’, ‘niece’, ‘son-in-law’, ‘sister-in-law’, ‘daughter-in-law’, etc.

Komi-permyak Russian

вон ‘brother’сой ‘sister’ай ‘father’ай-мам ‘parents’зон ‘son’мам ‘mother’ныв ‘daughter’баб ‘grandma’дед ‘grandpa’женамонь ‘daughter-in-law’пап ‘dad’пи ‘son’тятö ‘father’

бабушка ‘grandma’батя ‘father’брат ‘brother’дедушка ‘grandpa’дочь ‘daughter’дядя ‘uncle’мама ‘mother’матушка ‘mother’мать ‘mother’папа ‘dad’предки ‘parents’родители ‘parents’сестра ‘sister’сын ‘son’тётя ‘aunt’

абый ‘elder brother, uncle’ана ‘mother’апа ‘matron, aunt’ата ‘father’ата-ана ‘parents’бабай ‘grandfather’бертуган ‘immediate

relative’бичә ‘wife’гаилә ‘family’дәү әни ‘grandma’дәү әти ‘grandpa’әби ‘grandma’әни ‘mummy’әни-әти/әти-әни ‘parents’әти ‘dad’җизнә ‘brother-in-law, wife's

brother’җиңгә ‘sister-in-law’ зат ‘kin’ ир ‘husband’

картәни ‘grandma’картәти ‘grandpa’кәләш ‘bride’килен ‘daughter-in-law’кияү ‘son-in-law, groom’кода ‘father of the

son(daughter)-in-law’

кодагый ‘mother of the son(daughter)-in-law’

кыз ‘daughter’онык ‘grandson’сеңелкәш ‘sister’туган ‘own, relative’туганнар ‘kin, relatives’туган-тумача ‘kin, relatives’ул ‘son’улым ‘son’хатын ‘wife’энэкәш ‘little brother’

SUBFRAME “KINSHIP” IN TARTAR

The analysis of actual lexicons of Komi-permyak, Bashkir and Russian students shows that the structure of the frame “Human” depends on the language and the national culture of informants. Though our groups of informants are very close as a social group, the same subframes in their mental lexicons are represented by different words, and the frequencies of these words are different too.

The actual lexicon reflects different social orientations of speakers and the variety of their attitudes to the world around them.

THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION!