The Fourth International Conference on Population Geographies
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Transcript of The Fourth International Conference on Population Geographies
The Fourth International Conference on Population
Geographies
The vulnerability ofstudent populations anda new -wave of
studentification Darren P. Smith University of Brighton, UK The
Fourth International Conference on Population Geographies The
Chinese University of Hong Kong 11th July 2007 The first-wave of
studentification
Structure The first-wave of studentification The more effective
management of student populations (UniversitiesUK Studentification
Guide) Stabilising the concentrations of student populations
(Anti-Student Housing Restraint Areas - ASHORES) The second-wave of
studentification The INTENTIONAL dispersal and regulation of
student populations via luxury (and costly) purpose-built student
accommodation =Students are becoming a more vulnerable social
groups The definition of studentification
Macmillan English Dictionary (2003) [Studentification is] the
social and environmental changes caused by very large numbers of
students living in particular areas of a town or city. Wikipedia
(2005) Studentification is a neologism, coined to describe the
effects that a large student population can have on an established
population The challenges/opportunities of studentification
Social (e.g. the demographic imbalance & school closures, loss
of sense of community, increase of crime, unsustainability, low
voting) Cultural (e.g. student-oriented retail, leisure,
recreation, sense of place) Environmental (e.g. increased refuse,
tipping & rats, noise nuisance, parking, fly posters, to-let
signs) Economic (e.g. rising property prices, mono-tenurial
profiles, exclusion of families) Leeds - the studentified landscape
Glasheen Rd area - Cork, Ireland Kingston (Town and Gown
Association of Ontario) Annex district Toronto, Ontario
Carlton/Fitzroy Melbourne (Carlton Residents group) Berkeley, San
Francisco Improving the management of student pops.
Studentification: A Guide To Opportunities, Challenges &
Practice Commissioned / published by: UniversitiesUK/SCOP Funded
by: Department for Education and Skills, Office of Deputy Prime
Minister & Local Government Association Parliamentary launch -
27th June 2006 Key developments Strategic & local level
initiatives (checklist)
Partnership working Interlocking strategies Effective communication
channels Respect, transparency, and trust Sensitive to the local
context Studentification unfolds in different ways within and
between different places No blueprint for mitigating the challenges
of studentification Sharing of experience and practice between
organisations and stakeholders Key Developments since UUK
Guide
Student Accommodation Strategy (HEIs/LAs) Student Strategy Managers
(Nottingham) Community Liaison Officers (Loughborough) Community
Wardens Neighbourhood Helplines (Leeds) Complaint response
strategies (Leicester, 101) Accommodation Bureaux (e.g. Unipol in
Nottingham) Accreditation Schemes (London-wide) Community Strategy
Student Volunteering in the community (CUPP Brighton) Key
Developments since UUK Guide
Raising student expectations of quality and management of
accommodation Student Housing Handbook Guides and Guidance
House-hunting talks, Fresher stalls, Leaflets, Internet, etc Alert
students to alternative residential locations & widen knowledge
(Area Guides in London) Being a good neighbour &
responsibilities as tenants and neighbours Codes of behaviour
on/off-campus Information directories contacts and timings
Encourage stable student households Key Developments since UUK
Guide
Noise awareness campaigns SSHH Campaigns (Silent Students Happy
Homes) Traffic and parking initiatives Car parking permit schemes
(Bristol) Subsidised public transport (Norwich) Environmental
blight campaigns Awareness and recycling campaigns (Brighton) Crime
(Birmingham Emma Thompson) and fire prevention (Bath)
Studentification events since UUK Guide
All-party parliamentary group (APPG) on balanced and sustainable
communities National HMO Lobby continues to expand 35 towns and
cities Devolution of decision-making to neighbourhoods (White
Paper) National conference for local councillors/local authority
officers: - hosted by Nottingham City Council Councillors' Campaign
for Balanced Communities Studentification events since UUK
Guide
National Union of Students (NUS) think tank held at the DCLG in
London - Unipol/Universities Parternships Programme (UPP) NUS
publication Students in the Community - 11th June 2007 Championed
by the Housing Minister, Baroness Andrews issues around students
and communities have become a real challenge for students unions
across the country (p.1). Students in the Community:
Studentification - Association of Student Residences and
Accommodation (ASRA): Annual Conference Swansea (April 2007)
Regional meetings: South-east Uni. of Greenwich (June 2007) Local
Student Unions more pro-active University of Brighton Student Union
survey Universities e.g. University of Bristol, University of
Leicester Police Studentification events since UUK Guide
Studentification: The Next Steps - local authority and university
officers & representatives from student unions - organised by
Norwich City Council and University of East Anglia - 19th June 2007
UniversitiesUK Students andSustainable Communities (October 2007)
Unipol training events 6th July (London) The emerging processes of
studentification?
The first-wave of studentification (1995>present?) The marked
expansion of student populations Influx of students into the
private-rented housing sector (HMOs) Perceived as urban decline
(Studentification is the modern scourge of British cities) The
second-wave of studentification (2005>present?) The
stabilisation of the expansion of student populations The
proliferation of purpose-built student accommodation by the private
sector (Unite, Opal) Marketed as a form of urban regeneration
(Studentification in a more positive light) The conditions of the
second-wave?
HMO Mandatory (and Selective) Licensing - Housing Act 2005
Accreditation ANUK/UUK Property market saturation (buy-to-let) for
the (over-)supply of student accommodation The conditions of the
second-wave?
Private sector involvement luxury student accommodation Changing
student lifestyles The effects of top-up tuition fees & student
bursaries Changing student populations home, EU and international
The refurbishment of Halls of Residence (UPP) on university
campuses - recruitment and retention The emerging processes of
studentification?
Purpose-built developments on brown-field sites The landscapes of
the second-wave Purpose-built in Cork, Ireland Do purpose-built
effectively deliver:
An opportunity to: regulate anti-social behaviour? enhance quality
and management of student accommodation? solve refuse collection
issues, etc? control student leisure & recreation spaces (bars)
? reduce use of private vehicles? circulate information leaflets
and enhance? communication? Increase electoral voting? Reduce
concentrations in studentified areas? (Re)turn studentified areas
to family housing? The challenges are displaced? The emerging
processes of studentification?
Purpose-built developments in studentified areas Regulating student
populations? Purpose-build and the tipping-point Purpose-build and
the tipping-point
McGill student ghetto, Montreal, Canada New Residence Hall (NRH)
The future of studentified areas?
Gentrification? The retention of graduates and conversion of
student accommodation (PRS) for young professionals Students
displaced to former social rented estates / declining areas
(Brighton, Bristol) Displacement of students from Yorkville: Annex
boundary The future of studentified areas?
Destudentification? The abandonment of student areas by students
and student landlords (Leeds, Birmingham, Nottingham, London) We
want our students back! Over-supply of bed spaces - the effects of
purpose-built student accommodation? Do the families come back? Or
A8 migrants? The future of studentified areas?
Gated-communities? The segregation of students and established
communities Students are jettisoned into established communities
with no experience of student populations The creation of gated
communities and divided societies? Conclusion: the key
debate?
Studentification More effective management of student housing and
student populations And / or Legislative change (e.g. Use Classes
Order) In the context of: a changing private rented sector? the
diversification of the student population & student
lifestyles/experiences? Codes of Conduct - Kingston
The university is sending letters to the parents of all new and
Returning students this summer telling them about the universitys
student code of conduct and expectations for behaviour. This is one
of several initiatives aimed at fostering an atmosphere of
responsibility when the bulk of the student body returns to campus
in September, members of the Board of Trustees heard at their May 6
meeting. Student Housing Co-operatives Toronto Responsible
landlords/tenants - Toronto McGill Ghetto, Montreal (Milton Parc
Residents Syndicate) Active citizens - Toronto
Were promoting the idea of our students as active citizens by
sensitizing them to the fact that this is a neighbourhood. The
University is concerned with breaking down various misconceptions
of students that residents hold (McGill Daily, 22/09/03). Student
volunteering - Toronto
With a nudge from the University Relations Office (URO), a group of
students attempted to change the communitys feelings by
participating in a neighbourhood cleanup. 50 students donned
gloves, grabbed garbage bags, and streamed out of the Milton Gates
to collect the telling remains of a first week of excessive
drinking and discarded apartment furnishings (McGill Daily,
22/09/03). Anti-social behaviour - Toronto
The officers at Station 19 created an action plan to curtail noise
and disruption at night.The station came up with the Local
Intervention Group, a short-term task force that began patrolling
the area between 8 pm and 4 am on August 25. the group has adopted
a zero-tolerance policy and has already issued roughly 125 tickets
(McGill Daily, 22/09/03). Party Safe Melbourne Donate Your
Furniture - San Francisco