The Female Reproductive System Vaginal canal and vagina External genitalia Ovaries All three...
Transcript of The Female Reproductive System Vaginal canal and vagina External genitalia Ovaries All three...
The Female Reproductive System
• Vaginal canal and vagina
• External genitalia
• OvariesAll three enclosed
within broad ligament.
• Uterus
• Uterine tubes
Female Reproductive System
The Ovaries
• Held in position by ovarian ligament and suspensory ligaments.
• Ovarian cycle and follicular development.(dictates uterine cycle)
• Ovarian artery and vein enter at ovarian hilus.
• Covered by tunica albuginea.
Ovaries -> eggs, estrogen and progesterone.
The Uterine Tubes
• Intramural portion that opens to uterine cavity
• Infundibulum with fimbriae
• Ampulla
• Isthmus
• Lined with ciliated and nonciliated simple columnar epithelium - aids in transport
ciliated and
non-ciliated
simple columnar
epithelium
Gross Divisions of the Uterus
• Body (largest portion)
• Fundus
• Cervix– External os– Uterine cavity– Cervical canal– Internal os
Uterine Wall (Layers)
• Myometrium – muscular (thickest ~90%).
• Endometrium - innermost layer– Contains endometrial (uterine) glands.
• Perimetrium – outermost (superficial).
– Functional layer, top 1/3 (sheds).– Basal Layer, bottom 2/3 (remains).
The Uterine Wall
• Basic histology of the uterine wall.
Figure 27.16b
The Vagina• Elastic muscular tube from uterus to external
genitalia (has rugae).
• Passageway:
• Forms lower portion of birth canal.
• Lined by stratified squamous epithelium.
• Hymen partially blocks entrance to vagina.
The External Genitalia• Vulva (pudendum)
Labia majora – outer (larger)
Labia minora – inner (smaller)
Greater vestibular (Bartholin’s) gland.
Mons pubis
Clitoris – erectile tissue (spongiosum)- Prepuce (hood, foreskin of
clitoris)Vestibule (created by labia minora)
The Ovarian and Uterine Cycles
• 28 day menstrual cycle
• Begins with onset of menses– Destruction of functional zone of endometrium– Menstruation continues for 1-7 days
• Proliferative phase– Functional zone undergoes repair and thickens
• Entire cycle begins at menarche (puberty)– Continues until menopause