The English Civil WarA fight for Democracy

Why the Stuarts? When Queen Elizabeth I

(to the right) passed she had no heirs to the throne.

This gave power to relatives of the Scotland Tudors – The Stuarts.

Absolute Monarchs – A king, queen, emperor, or empress with unlimited power

Divine Right of Kings – Powers of the kings came directly from God. King was God’s representative on earth.

Tyrant – A cruel and unjust ruler

James 1 First of the Stuart

dynasty Believed in absolute

monarchy and the Divine Right of Kings

His new subjects did not look kindly upon him

Problems with James He was in constant conflict with

parliament over: Money Religion Foreign Policy

Money Issues He was always in need of money Parliament would only give him money

in exchange for more parliamentary powers

Foreign Policy Issues Selected many incompetent advisors Failed to support Protestants outside of

Great Britain that were engaged in religious wars.

Religious Issues James was allied with the Church of

England and disliked many of the Puritan ways

He came up with many ways of angering the Puritans

Charles I When Kings James I died his son Charles I

was named king. He also believed in the Divine Right of

Kings and was not willing to compromise with parliament.

He was always in need of money and would not accept any conditions of parliament

Married a Catholic princess from France

Question TIME!

What could possibly be bad about Charles I marrying a Catholic princess from France?

Early ParliamentBenefits

King must rule

lawfully

King must consult over

taxes

Right to trial

House of Common

sMade up of

wealthy landowners and

townspeople

Elected Positions

House of Lords

Inherited position

Sometimes included Church Officials

Conflict with Parliament - Money Brought back ancient

fees and taxes Forced people to make

loans to the Crown Charged custom fees

known as tunnage and poundage

Used the Court of Star Chamber to fine people

Sold noble titles

Other Conflicts with Parliament Charles tried to rule without parliament for

as long as possible Parliament told the king they would give him

no more money unless he stopped his illegal activities and signed the Petition of Right Main focus was giving people the right to a

trial and not be imprisoned unlawfully Charles did not like this and dissolved

parliament

Question TIME!

What is the biggest reason that Charles and James continue to have conflict with parliament?

Break time!

Go through your notes and write down any questions you may have.

Discuss these questions with your classmates

The Long Parliament Charles needed more

money to pay for soldiers to assist with a revolt in Scotland

Parliament sided with the Scots and were again dissolved

Long Parliament cont. A new parliament was called and

became known as the Long Parliament They wanted Charles’ advisors be

removed and punished Began to plan the Grand Remonstrance

that would remove many of the kings powers and change the role he played in government.

Long Parliament cont. Parliament had the challenge of trying to figure out

how much power the king should have and how many rights they could take away from the monarch.

The house of commons became divided Radicals wanted to take away most of the kings powers Others wanted a guarantee that the king would rule

lawfully The Grand Remonstrance barely passed.

Charles attacked the House of commons and established a war on parliament

Final Thoughts… Reflect back on what

you have learned today. What did you find interesting? What surprised you? What questions do you have or were thinking of during the lesson?