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THE EFFECT OF PERSONAL PHOTOGRAPH SERIES ON WRITING

RECOUNT TEXT AT SMA NEGERI 4 PALANGKARAYA

BY

MASDIANSYAH

STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE OF PALANGKA RAYA

1438 H/2017 M

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THE EFFECT OF PERSONAL PHOTOGRAPH SERIES ON WRITING

RECOUNT TEXT AT SMA NEGERI 4 PALANGKARAYA

THESIS

Presented to

State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya

in partial fulfillment of the requirements

for the degree of Sarjana in English Language Education

BY

MASDIANSYAH

NIM 1201120774

STATE ISLAMIC INSTITUTE OF PALANGKA RAYA

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE EDUCATION

STUDY PROGRAM OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

1438 H/2017 M

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MOTTO AND DEDICATION

“Learn from the past, Live for today and Plan for tomorrow”

This thesis is dedicated to:

My beloved Father Hakimin and Mother Hamsiyah for

their valuable endless prayer, sacrifice, and support. My

beloved brothers Musliansyah, Pujo Wicaksono, and Al

Asrianoor, and sisters Hairuniati and Heniyati.

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ABSTRACT

Masdiansyah. 2017. The Effect of Personal Photograph Series On Writing Recount

Text At SMA Negeri 4 Palangkaraya. Thesis, Department of Language

Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, State Islamic

Institute of Palangka Raya. Advisors: (I) Sabarun, M.Pd., (II) Zaitun

Qamariah, M.Pd.

Key Words: Effect, Personal Photograph Series, Writing, Recount Text

The study aimed at measuring the significant effect of Personal Photograph

Series to increase students’ writing recount text score at tenth graders of SMA Negeri

4 Palangka Raya.

The study belonged to quantitative research with Quasy Experimental Design.

The writer designed the lesson plan, conducted the treatment and observed the

students’ score by pretest and posttest. The population of study was the tenth graders

at SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya which consisted of twelve classes. The writer took

the sample of two classes are X-5 IPA as experimental group and X-2 IPA as control

group. The sample was determined using cluster sampling technique.

After getting the data were from pretest and posttest, the writer analyzed the

data using SPSS 21.Program to test the hypothesis have been set. Based on the result

of analysis, it was found that the value of ttest = 5.047 with ttable=1.994 at 5% level of

significance and ttable=2.648 at 1% level of significance with degrees of freedom=78.

It showed that the ttest was higher than the ttable. The result of testing hypothesis

determined that the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) stating that there was significant

effect of Personal Photograph Series in writing recount text at tenth graders of SMA

Negeri 4 Palangka Raya was accepted and the Null Hypothesis (Ho) stating that

there was no significant effect of Personal Photograph Series in writing recount text

at tenth graders of SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya was rejected. It meant that there

was significant effect of Personal Photograph Series in writing recount text at tenth

graders of SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya.

This study recommended in writing recount text with personal photograph

series for the students, English teachers, and also for the next researchers. First, for

the students, it is clear that personal photograph series as a visual media has potential

to be used as very useful for education. It could help students to comprehend English

as a foreign language. Next, for English teachers, it can be alternative way in an

educational context to improve the learning experience of their students. The students

can remember their experiences by looking their photos and arranging in the simple

paragraph of recount text. Last, for the next researchers, the writer recommended who

want to conduct the study related to the writing especially in recount text with other

interesting media and at other grades.

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ABSTRAK

Masdiansyah. 2017. Pengaruh Foto Pribadi Berseri Dalam Menulis Teks Recount

Pada SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya. Skripsi, Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa

Inggris, Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan, Institut Agama Islam Negeri

Palangka Raya. Pembimbing: (I) Sabarun, M.Pd., (II) Zaitun Qamariah,

M.Pd.

Kata Kunci: Pengaruh, Foto Pribadi Berseri, Menulis, Teks Recount

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur apakah ada pengaruh yang

berarti dalam menggunakan Rangkaian Foto Pribadi dalam menulis teks recount siswa

kelas sepuluh SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya.

Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain Kuasi

Eksperimental. Penulis menyusun rencana pembelajaran, memberikan perlakuan dan

mengobservasi skor siswa dengan Pra-uji dan Pasca-uji. Populasi penelitian ini adalah

murid kelas sepuluh di SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya yang tediri dari 12 kelas.

Penulis memilih dua kelas yaitu X-5 IPA sebagai kelas eksperimen dan X-2 IPA

sebagai kelas kontrol. Sampel ditentukan dengan teknik Sampel Kluster.

Setelah mendapatkan data dari Pra-uji dan Pasca-uji, penulis menganalisis data

tersebut menggunakan program SPSS 21. untuk menguji hipotesis yang telah

ditetapkan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, ditemukan bahwa nilai dari ttes= 5.047 dan

ttabel= 1.994 pada taraf signifikansi 5% dan ttabel= 2.648 pada taraf signifikansi 1%

dengan derajat kebebasan=78. Hasil itu menunjukkan bahwa nilai dari ttes lebih tinggi

dari ttabel. Hasil dari Pengujian Hipotesis menentukan bahwa Hipotesis Alternatif (Ha)

yang menyatakan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan oleh Foto Pribadi Berseri

dalam pembelajaran teks recount terhadap keahlian tulisan siswa kelas sepuluh SMA

Negeri 4 Palangka Raya telah diterima dan Hipotesis Nihil yang menyatakan bahwa

tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan oleh Rangkaian Foto Pribadi dalam pembelajaran

teks recount terhadap tulisan siswa kelas sepuluh SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya telah

ditolak. Ini artinya bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan pada Foto Pribadi Berseri

dalam pembelajaran teks recount terhadap keahlian tulisan siswa kelas sepuluh di

SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya.

Penelitian ini direkomendasikan untuk siswa-siswa, guru-guru, dan juga untuk

peneliti selanjutnya. Pertama untuk siswa, jelas bahwa foto pribadi berseri sebagai

media visual memiliki potensi yang sangat berguna untuk digunakan dalam

pendidikan. Ini bisa membantu siswa untuk memahami Bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa

asing. Selanjutnya untuk guru bahasa Inggris, media ini bisa sebagai media alternatif

dalam konteks pendidikan untuk meningkatkan pengalaman belajar siswa. Para siswa

bisa mengingat pengalaman mereka dengan melihat foto mereka dan mengatur

paragraf sederhana dalam teks recount. Lalu untuk peneliti selanjutnya, penulis

menganjurkan kepada mereka yang ingin melakukan penelitian terkait dengan menulis

terutama dalam teks recount sebaiknya dengan media yang menarik lainnya dan pada

kelas-kelas lainnya.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The writer would like to express his sincere gratitude to Allah SWT., for the

blessing bestowed in his whole life particularly during the thesis writing without

which this thesis would not have come to its final form. Sholawat and salam

always be bestowed to the last prophet Muhammad SAW., having shown us the

role of life to make our life true.

His appreciation is addressed to:

1. Dean of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of the State Islamic

Institute of Palangka Raya, Drs. Fahmi. M.Pd. for his invaluable assistance

both in academic and administrative matters.

2. Vice Dean in Academic Affairs, Dra. Hj. Rodhatul Jennah, M.Pd., for her

invaluable assistance both in academic and administrative matters.

3. Chair of Department Language Education, Santi Erliana, M.Pd, for her

invaluable assistance both in academic and administrative matters.

4. Chair of English Study Program of English Education, M. Zaini Miftah,

M.Pd, for his invaluable assistance both in academic and administrative

matters.

5. My first advisor, Sabarun, M.Pd., for the guidance, encouragement, and

suggestions during composing this thesis.

6. My second advisor, Zaitun Qamariah, M.Pd., for the guidance,

encouragement, and suggestions during composing this thesis.

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7. Both the members of the Board of Examiners, for their corrections,

comments, and suggestions which are profitable to the accomplishing of this

thesis.

8. All lectures of Study Program of English Education at State Islamic Institute

of Palangka Raya that I got in depth knowledge of English and English

teaching.

9. The Principal of headmaster of SMA Negeri 4 Palangka Raya, Yenihayati,

S.Pd,, M.Pd, for her permission to take research at the school.

10. English teacher of SMA Negeri 4 Palangkaraya, Mira Devita, S.Pd, M.Pd

for her permission to take research at the class.

11. All of English Program Students, especially 2012 period for the support in

sadness and happiness during the study in undergraduate program and for

their spirits to accomplish my study.

12. My beloved parents, Hakimin and Hamsiyah, for their moral support and

endless prayer so that I can finish my study. May Allah SWT bless them all.

Amin.

Palangka Raya, June 21, 2017

The Writer,

Masdiansyah

NIM. 1201120774

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER ......................................................................................................... i

COVER (Second Page) .................................................................................. ii

ADVISOR APPROVAL ................................................................................ iii

THESIS APPROVAL .................................................................................... v

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................... vi

DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP ........................................................... vii

ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... viii

ABSTRAK (Indonesia) ................................................................................. ix

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................. x

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................... xii

LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xiv

LIST OF THE FIGURES ............................................................................... xvi

LIST OF THE APPENDICES ............ .......................................................... xvii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................ xviii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study ............................................... 1

B. Problem of the Study ................................................... 5

C. Objectives of the Study ................................................. 5

D. Assumption of the Study ............................................... 5

E. Significance of the Study .............................................. 5

F. Variable of the Study ..................................................... 6

G. Hypothesis of the Study ............................................... 6

H. Limitation of the Study ................................................ 7

I. Definition of Key Terms ............................................... 7

J. Framework of Discussion .............................................. 8

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Related Studies .................................................... 10

B. Writing Skills ....................................................... 12

1. The Nature of Writing ................................... 12

2. The Process of Writing ................................... 16

C. Technique in Writing ........................................... 18

D. Teaching Media ................................................... 19

E. Personal Photograph Series ................................. 21

F. Recount Text........................................................ 24

G. The Procedure of Using Personal Photographs in

Writing ................................................................... 30

H. Project-Based Learning (PBL) ............................ 32

I. The Implementation of Using Personal

Photograph Series through Project Based

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Learning (PBL) in Writing Recount Text ........... 36

J. Experimental Study ............................................. 38

K. T-test .................................................................... 39

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

A. Research Design ..................................................... 40

B. Population and Sample .......................................... 41

1. Population ....................................................... 41

2. Sample ............................................................ 42

C. Research Instrument ............................................... 43

1. Instrument of the Research ................................. 43

2. Instrument Validity ................................................ 46

3. Instrument Reliability ............................................ 48

D. Data Collection Procedure ..................................... 49

E. Data Analysis Procedure ........................................ 87

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION A. Data Presentation .......................................................... 56

B. Research Findings ......................................................... 69

1. Testing Normality and Homoginity ....................... 69

2. Testing Hypothesis ................................................ 71

3. Interpretation of the results .................................... 76

C. Discussion ..................................................................... 77

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusions ................................................................... 80

B. Suggestion ..................................................................... 81

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

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LIST OF TABLES

TABLE PAGE

Table 3.1 The Scheme of the Quasi-Experimental Design .............. 41

Table 3.2 The Population of Study................................................... 42

Table 3.3 The Sample of Study......................................................... 43

Table 3.4 Aspect of Scoring For Students Writing Skill.................. 50

Table 4.1 Pre Test Score of Experimental and Control Group......... 57

Table 4.2 The Calculation of Mean, Median, Mode, Standard

Error of Mean and Standard Deviation of Pretest

Experimental Group ......................................................... 60

Table 4.3 The Calculation of Mean, Median, Mode, Standard

Error of Mean and Standard Deviation of Pretest Score

Control Group................................................................... 62

Table 4.4 Post Test Score of Experimental and Control Group....... 62

Table 4.5 The Calculation Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Error

of Mean and Standard Deviation of Posttest Score

Experimental Group.......................................................... 65

Table 4.6 The Calculation Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Error

of Mean and Standard Deviation of Posttest Score

Control Group................................................................... 67

Table 4.7

The Comparison Result of Pretest and Posttest of

Experimental and Control Group...................................... 68

Table 4.8 Testing Normality of posttest Experimental and Control

Group................................................................................ 69

Table 4.9 Testing Homogeneity of posttest Experimental and

Control Group................................................................... 70

Table 4.10 The Standard Deviation and The Standard Error of

Experiment and Control Group......................................... 71

Table 4.11 The Result of T-test Using Manual Calculation............... 73

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Table 4.12 Mean, Standard Deviation and Standard Error of

Experiment and Control Group Using SPSS 21.0

Program............................................................................. 75

Table 4.13 The Calculation of T-test Using SPSS 21.0 Program....... 75

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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE PAGE

Figure 3.1 Data Analyze Procedure ............................................................55

Figure 4.1 The Distribution Frequency of students’ pre-test Score

for Experimental Group ...........................................................59

Figure 4.2 The Distribution Frequency of students’ pre-test Score

for Control Group .....................................................................61

Figure 4.3 The Distribution Frequency of students’ post-test Score

for Experimental Group ...........................................................64

Figure 4.4 The Distribution Frequency of students’ post-test Score

for Control Group .....................................................................66

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix

1 : Research Schedule

2 : Lesson Plan

3 : Test Instrument of Pre Test and Post Test

4 : The Students’ Name and Code

5 : Description of Pre-Test and Post-Test Scores By Experiment Group

and Control Group

6 The Validity and Reliability of Test

7 : The Students Answer Sheet of Pre-Test and Post-Test

8 : The Values of T table and Product Moment Correlation

9 Syllabus

10 : Photos of the Study

11 : Research Decrees

12 : Curriculum Vitae

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

DF : Degree of Freedom

Ha : Alternative Hypothesis

Ho : Null Hypothesis

IAIN : Institut Agama Islam Negeri

SMA : Sekolah Menengah Atas

SMAN : Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri

PBL : Project-Based Learning

SPSS : Statistical Product and Service Solution

SD : Standard Deviation

SE : Standard Error

f : Frequency