THE CULTURE OF THE EARLY FILIPINOSCIVICS

Lesson 2

Community and Home• Population

• Composed of 50 to 20,000 people

• Where do they live?• Near bodies of water like bays, lakes, rivers and seas• Others live in the plains and forest• Others did not stay in one place, they travelled from one place to

another in order to find food. they are called nomads.

• Livelihood• Their means of livelihood is kaingin.• Kaingin is burning the trees and plants in a particular

place in order to clean the area. Afterwhich, they would till the land and plant crops.

• Clothing and Accessories• What women wear?

• long dresses • long skirts

• What men wear?• shirts without collar• pants• headwear called putong

• Footwear:• only the rich wear footwear

• Other accessories• gold in their teeth• tattoos on their faces, bodies and arms to symbolize bravery, honor and

beauty

• Education• What was the native alphabet?

• alibata• What fathers taught to this sons?

• means of livelihood

• What mothers taught to her daughters?• household chores

• What parents prepare their children?• to become good husbands and wives

Literature, Arts and Science• songs

• were always present in celebrations• examples:

• diyuna - song for celebration• uyayi or hele - lullaby• talindaw - when going boating• ihiman - wedding• tigpasin - rowing• tagulalay or umbay - songs for the dead• kumintang - battle song• dipayunin and hilaraw - street song

• literature• sayings (kasabihan)

• were created based on experiences of the old• proverbs (salawikain)

• were created based on experiences of the old• riddles (bugtong)

• were thought-provoking statements about certain things and whoever is asked is expected to give an answer

• legends (alamat)• were stories about the origin of certain objects, places and the like

• play (dula)• revolved around bravery, war and love

• epics• are long stories written in poetic form about the

outstanding achievements of local heroes • talks about heroism and bravery• examples:

• hudhud and alim - ifugao• biag ni lam-ang - ilocanos• ibalon- bicolano• bantugan - maranaw• indorapatra and sulayman -maguindanao

• Arts• painting, carpentry works and sculpture• They put designs on their furniture and armors• The art is called okir-a datu or okir• The foremost design of okir is the sarimanok• Sarimanok is a symbol that represents the muslim (maharlikas and

common people)• body tattoos and wearing accessories are among the oldest form of

art

• Science• astrology and irrigation• engineering (banaue rice terraces)• mummification (preservation of the dead)

Music and Dance• Instruments

• kudyapi - old philippine guitar• gangsa and alapang kawayan - bamboo harp• byoling kawayan - bamboo violin with abaka strings• kalintang, bansik and kaleleng

• Dances• balitaw• kumintang• dandansoy• subli• itik-itik• maglalatik• tinikling• singkil

Filipino Family• The most important unit in the early Philippine society• Composed of father, mother and children• The father was the head, provider and protector• The mother had the responsibility of guiding and caring for

the family

Marriage• Paninilbihan was a part of the process of courtship• the man would chop woods• provide water• fix fences

• Dowry (bigay-kaya)• was given by the man to the woman• meant to be used for the couple in starting a family• example:

• land• jewellery• money

Mourning and Burial Ceremonies• Placing the bones of the dead inside an urn or gusi

• the lid of the urn signified the dead's status in life or his/her gender

• Buried the dead in caves or in the forest• their favorite things, jewelry or clothes were buried together with

the dead• if a datu passed away, his slave would be buried with him

• Colors• white - mourning color• larao - used for datu• morotal - used for woman• maglahi - ordinary man

Q&A• A play form of literature that describes bravery, war and love

• dula

• Common decoration in the teeth to our early Filipinos• gold

• Dowry for the bride• Bigay-kaya

• Used if the person who died was a datu• Larao

• An example of native dances• dandansoy

• Headwear of men• putong

Q&A• Native alphabet

• alibata

• A stories about the origin of certain objects, places and the like.• alamat

• Used if the person who died was an ordinary man• maglahi

• A very important part to every ceremonies and celebrations• sayaw

• A part of the process in courtship• paninilbihan

Q&A• Foremost design of okir

• sarimanok

• This was done by burning trees and plants in a particular place in order to clean the area• kaingin

• They traveled from one place to another in order to find food• nomads

• It was made of bamboo and built on top of a tree• Bahay-kubo

Q&A• Explain the practices observed by the Filipinos as regards

to:• Marriage

The boy needs to do the paninilbihan like to chop wood, provide water, fix fences and other things that would definitely show his service to the girl’s family.

• Mourning & Burial Place the bones of the dead inside the urn or gusi to signify the dead’s status in life or his/her gender.