The Control Method of Photochemical Smog
15
June 12-2006 Term project 2006 1/15 The Control Method of Photochemical Smog Lee Jin-Young 2200938 University of Incheon University of Incheon Department of Civil & Environmental System Engineering Department of Civil & Environmental System Engineering
description
The Control Method of Photochemical Smog. Lee Jin-Young 2200938. University of Incheon Department of Civil & Environmental System Engineering. Contents. Introduction ⑴ Photochemical smog Main subject ⑴ Qualitative relationship ⑵ Major factors - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of The Control Method of Photochemical Smog
June 12-2006 Term project 20061/15
The Control Method of Photochemical Smog
Lee Jin-Young2200938
University of IncheonUniversity of IncheonDepartment of Civil & Environmental System EngineeringDepartment of Civil & Environmental System Engineering
June 12-2006 Term project 20062/15
Contents
• Introduction ⑴ Photochemical smog • Main subject ⑴ Qualitative relationship ⑵ Major factors ⑶ The effects of photochemical smog ⑷ Anatomy of a smog ⑸ Causes of photochemical smog• Conclusion ⑴ The control of photochemical smog
June 12-2006 Term project 20063/15
Photochemical Smog
Increase of gasoline use is one of the major cause of smog
generation
The term smog was used to describe the glaring bluish-brownish,
ozone-laden haze that enveloped the basin from late morning to
mid-afternoon when a certain combination of weather condition
existed
Warm and stagnant atmospheric conditions
June 12-2006 Term project 20064/15
Qualitative Relationship
PPL = photochemical pollution levelROG = concentration of reactive organic gasesNOX = concentration of oxides of nitrogen
June 12-2006 Term project 20065/15
Factors responsible for photochemical smog
The spatial and temporal distribution of emissions of NOx and VO
CS
(Both anthropogenic and biogenic)
The composition of the emitted VOCS
The spatial and temporal variations in the wind field
The dynamics of the boundary layer, including stability and the le
vel of mixing
June 12-2006 Term project 20066/15
The chemical reactions of solar isolation and temperature
The loss of ozone and ozone precursors by dry deposition
The ambient background of VOCS, NOx, and other species in, immediately upwind, an
d above the regions of study
Factors responsible for photochemical smog
June 12-2006 Term project 20067/15
EFFECT OF PHOTOCHEMICAL SMOG
June 12-2006 Term project 20068/15
Anatomy of a Smog
NO2 + hv NO + O
O + O2 O3
O3 + NO NO2 +O2
Equation explain the diffusion of NOx in presence of light energy and formation of
ozone.
While the presence of NO2 is required to form O3, the nitro dioxide photolytic cycle
by itself does not generate net ozone, and can’t explain ozone accumulation
June 12-2006 Term project 20069/15
ROG + O+ O3 R• + RCO + RO• + OH•
R• + O2 RO2•
RO2 • + NO RO• + NO2
Anatomy of a Smog
June 12-2006 Term project 200610/15
Causes of Photochemical Smog
June 12-2006 Term project 200611/15
The Control of Photochemical Smog
The approach to controlling smog
has been to reduce emissions of
its precursors(ROGX and NOX)
June 12-2006 Term project 200612/15
Propane
June 12-2006 Term project 200613/15
Toluene
June 12-2006 Term project 200614/15
n-butane
June 12-2006 Term project 200615/15
Conclusion
Stagnant of air is important of photochemical smog
Light energy is play vital role for the formation of ozone
When ROG/NOX is nearly between 5 and 6,the two species have equal
rates of reacting with the OH•
If this ratio is much larger than 6, there is a shortage of NO that can be
oxidized to NO2 and ozone production is controlled by the amount of NOX
available
On the other hand,when ROG/NOX is on the other of 5 or less,the ready
availability of NOX makes the formation rate of ozone dependent on ROG
![Chapter 4 · photochemical smog and, on a global scale, to a radiative forcing of climate [IPCC, 1994; WMO, 1998]. CO is formed by photochemical breakdown of methane and higher hydrocarbons,](https://static.fdocuments.in/doc/165x107/608ce6a910760c5c395a9e8e/chapter-4-photochemical-smog-and-on-a-global-scale-to-a-radiative-forcing-of-climate.jpg)
